Download or read book Hydrogeochemical Changes Impacting Radium Activity in the Midwestern Cambrian Ordovician Aquifer System written by Amy K. Wiersma and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Midwestern Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system (MCOAS) is a valuable source of drinking water in the North Central United States, but can contain elevated levels of naturally occurring radium (Ra). Long-term consumption of Ra in drinking water is linked to an increased risk of bone cancer, and is therefore federally regulated in the U.S. at 185 millibecquerels per liter (mBq/L) or 5 picocuries per liter (pCi/L) for the total of 226Ra and 228Ra. While the hydrogeochemical conditions associated with elevated activity Ra in the MCOAS are well documented, less is known about how Ra occurrence is affected due to hydrogeochemical changes initiated by natural and anthropogenic aspects. This dissertation uses field and modeling studies to explore Ra occurrence when hydrogeochemical change is instigated by factors including natural hydrogeologic conditions, release of organic contaminants to the subsurface, and well field management. Radium activity increases as groundwater evolves along a regional flow path and approaches the boundary of the Maquoketa shale, a regional confining unit; here, the aquifer becomes locally confined and groundwater is older with geochemical conditions conducive to Ra mobility, including low dissolved oxygen and elevated total dissolved solids (TDS). A complex organic chemical mixture released to the subsurface alters aquifer pH, redox, and TDS conditions, resulting in elevated Ra activity within the dissolved phase plume that highlights the importance of characterizing Ra at hydrocarbon-contaminated sites. As demonstrated by groundwater flow modeling, well construction and pumping rates can alter hydraulic gradients that enhance groundwater exchange between units of different geochemistry and modify the contribution of groundwater from stratigraphic units with different Ra activity to wells. Overall, this dissertation provides insight into how environmental and anthropogenic factors influence hydrogeochemical conditions and Ra occurrence in groundwater, and can help guide long-term groundwater management strategies for mitigating Ra activity in groundwater pumped from the MCOAS.

Download or read book Geochemical Impacts on Radium Mobility in the Midwestern Cambrian Ordovician Aquifer System written by Madeleine Mathews and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Midwestern Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system (MCOAS) covers a large portion of the Midwestern United States and is a major source for public and domestic water supply. Radium (Ra) is a contaminant frequently exceeding the EPA maximum contaminant level of 185 mBq/L (5 pCi/L) for combined [226]Ra and [228]Ra in the MCOAS. While elevated Ra is associated with low dissolved oxygen, old water, and elevated total dissolved solids in groundwater at the aquifer scale, it is difficult to predict elevated Ra occurrence at individual wells. This dissertation uses field and laboratory methods to examine the geochemical influences on Ra mobility within the MCOAS, to gain insight into the influence of local hydrogeology on Ra partitioning to the groundwater. Multiple factors impact Ra sources and mobility in the MCOAS at the local scale; at discrete intervals within the aquifer system, elevated total dissolved solids are related to elevated Ra in an unconfined aquifer, while low dissolved oxygen is related to elevated Ra in a confined aquifer. Local geochemical conditions control Ra sorption to rock, as determined by whole-rock parent-daughter isotope ratios and sequential extractions on representative MCOAS bedrock samples. Potential hydrologic flow from Ra-rich stratigraphy to stratigraphy with lower sorptive capacity may result in increased Ra mobility within the MCOAS. The coupling of field and laboratory work compared the contribution of Ra from aquifer solids across specific stratigraphy. Isotopic evidence ([226]Ra/[238]U) demonstrates radionuclide mobility, where geochemical influences (e.g., ORP, alkalinity) likely influence U partitioning within the system. Additionally, Ra concentrations during a short-term pumping test are shown to be consistent with trends on 1-year timeframe, although the analytical method for Ra is important to verify trend precision. The larger implications of this project are that the presence of parent nuclides, as well as local geochemical and hydrologic conditions are important to consider in terms of predicting where elevated Ra will occur in groundwater samples. This approach provides new insight into how water-rock interactions within specific stratigraphy contribute Ra to the aqueous system within the MCOAS.

Download or read book Geochemical Factors Controlling Radium in the Cambrian Ordovician Aquifer System of Southeastern Wisconsin written by Michael Cape and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Geochemistry of Radioactive Ground Water Within the Cambrian ordovician Aquifer System of Central Missouri written by Patricia Leigh Settles and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Arsenic Contamination in the World written by Susan Murcott and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic Contamination in the World: an International Sourcebook provides a global compendium of cited arsenic occurrences in the world as they affect public health. This book details arsenic contamination by source, region and arsenic-affected country. Arsenic is identified in 105 countries and territories, representing a larger database than any previous published work. Sources of arsenic contamination are categorized as Anthropogenic, Geogenic, Volcanogenic, Coal, Mining and Petroleum-related. National, regional and international maps locate the affected areas and populations. A synthesis of critical country information includes an estimate of the exposed population of 226 million people worldwide. This reference work is an indispensable tool for medical doctors, public health workers, scientists, water experts, governments, industries, non-profit organizations and communities in identifying site-specific arsenic contamination. An extensive bibliography of peer-reviewed literature gives the reader important arsenic contamination locations as the first step towards remediation. This Sourcebook is updatable via an on-line annex which provides up-to-date information on new arsenic occurrences and developments. We invite readers to participate in updating this database at: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/ExecutiveSummaryofArsenicContaminationintheWorld By synthesizing the known occurrences of arsenic world-wide, this reference book offers an essential tool for understanding and addressing the global arsenic geological-public health interface. Discounted ebook price available for customers from Developing Countries. Please contact [email protected] if you wish to purchase an ebook from a developing country @ £50.00 (PDF format). Author: Susan Murcott, Senior Lecturer, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Table of Contents: Executive Summary, African Region, Region of the Americas, Asia Region, European Region, Region of Australia and Oceania.

Download or read book Isotopes in the Water Cycle written by Pradeep K. Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental isotope and nuclear techniques provide unmatched insights into the processes governing the water cycle and its variability. This monograph presents state of the art applications and new developments of isotopes in hydrology, environmental disciplines and climate change studies. Coverage ranges from the assessment of groundwater resources in terms of recharge and flow regime to studies of the past and present global environmental and climate changes.

Download or read book Ground water Flow in the New Jersey Coastal Plain written by Mary Martin and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tracerlpm Version 1 written by Bryant C. Jurgens and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TracerLPM is an interactive Excel(r) (2007 or later) workbook program for evaluating groundwater age distributions from environmental tracer data by using lumped parameter models (LPMs). Lumped parameter models are hydrodynamic dispersion or mixing within the aquifer, well bore, or discharge area. Five primary LPMs are included in exponential model (PEM), and dispersion model (DM). Binary mixing models (BMM) can be created by combining primary LPMs in various combinations. Travel time through the unsaturated zone can be included as an additional parameter. TracerLPM also allows users to enter age distributions determined from other methods, such as particle tracking LPMs not included in this program. Tracers of both young groundwater (anthropogenic atmospheric gases and isotopic substances indicating post-1940s recharge) and much older groundwater (carbon-14 and helium-4) can be interpreted simultaneously so that estimates of the groundwater age distribution for samples with a wide range of ages can be constrained.

Download or read book National Water Summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Regional Ground Water Quality written by William M. Alley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-06-15 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground water serves as the main source of drinking water for 50% of the United States as a whole—and for 97% of rural populations, in particular. In addition to public concern with point sources of contamination, such as landfills and hazardous waste disposal sites, current attention has now come to focus on the overall quality of ground-water resources. Regional Ground-Water Quality offers the first detailed guidance for conducting ground-water quality investigations in a regional context. This exceptional volume combines hydrogeologic and geochemical principles, as well as statistical principles, within a unique conceptual framework that helps readers produce efficient, meaningful, and successful ground-water assessments. Regional Ground-Water Quality will be a valuable resource when first approaching a regional-scale study and when designing specific regional-scale studies. Throughout the book, topics emphasize the value of studying regional ground-water quality at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Up-to-date coverage of essential processes and methodologies includes: multi-scale design concepts for regional ground-water quality studies the fate and transport of organic and inorganic materials, including nitrates, pesticides, pathogens, acid precipitation, natural radionuclides, saltwater intrusion, and problems in karst aquifers basic concepts of organic and inorganic chemistry a review of environmental isotopes and geochemical modeling statistical concepts for ground-water quality surveys and geostatistical analysis the effects of surface-water/ground-water interactions on ground-water quality the relationship between ground-water quality and land use regional geochemistry principles Readers will be brought completely up to date with the latest research in ground-water assessments, such as novel methods for dating young ground water, including the use of CFCs, tritium/helium-3, and krypton-85. The book also examines the uses of organic compounds as time and source markers, ground-water vulnerability analyses, applications of subsurface microbiology at the regional scale, and design of well-water surveys. Invaluable case studies drawn from international projects graphically demonstrate concepts discussed in the book. These case studies describe successful regional ground-water assessment efforts conducted in various areas and include a look at the uses and limitations of existing ground-water quality data. A first-of-its-kind resource, Regional Ground-Water Quality will be essential reading for scientists and engineers in hydrology, water resources, agricultural sciences, and environmental sciences. It will also be of interest to engineers and R&D personnel in government, industry, and private consulting, as well as to professionals involved with the design and interpretation of studies.

Download or read book Crustal Permeability written by Tom Gleeson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Permeability is the primary control on fluid flow in the Earth’s crust and is key to a surprisingly wide range of geological processes, because it controls the advection of heat and solutes and the generation of anomalous pore pressures. The practical importance of permeability – and the potential for large, dynamic changes in permeability – is highlighted by ongoing issues associated with hydraulic fracturing for hydrocarbon production (“fracking”), enhanced geothermal systems, and geologic carbon sequestration. Although there are thousands of research papers on crustal permeability, this is the first book-length treatment. This book bridges the historical dichotomy between the hydrogeologic perspective of permeability as a static material property and the perspective of other Earth scientists who have long recognized permeability as a dynamic parameter that changes in response to tectonism, fluid production, and geochemical reactions.

Download or read book Regional Geohydrology of the Northern Louisiana Salt dome Basin written by G. N. Ryals and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Field Studies of Radon in Rocks Soils and Water written by Gundersen/Wanty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-11-30 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field Studies of Radon in Rocks, Soils, and Water focuses on the principal sources of indoor radon and detecting radon through geochemical and hydrological studies of ground water. The book addresses how to measure radon, covers geological field study techniques, and presents techniques for assessing radon potential. The geochemical and hydrological studies of ground water cover such areas as health effects and radionuclides in geology. Techniques for measuring radon in ground water are also provided. Field Studies of Radon in Rocks, Soils, and Water is an excellent practical guide for geologists, geochemists, ground water professionals, and geophysicists interested in radon. Features

Download or read book U Th Series Nuclides in Aquatic Systems written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-29 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major advancement in the U-Th measurement techniques since the 1990's have resulted in new opportunities for the use of these nuclides to probe into aquatic processes in greater detail. U-Th Series Nuclides in Aquatic Systems provides state-of-the-art reviews on the applications of U-Th series nuclides to "time" and "tag" in a variety of processes occurring in aquatic systems. State of art reviews on the applications of U-Th Series nuclides to 'time'and 'tag' key processes occurring in aquatic systems. Self-contained, each chapter presents nuclide source functions, processes regulating their distributions and models used to describe them Emphasizes current thinking in the field and future directions

Download or read book Essentials of Medical Geology written by Olle Selinus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-30 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essentials of Medical Geology reviews the essential concepts and practical tools required to tackle environmental and public health problems. It is organized into four main sections. The first section deals with the fundamentals of environmental biology, the natural and anthropogenic sources of health elements that impact health and illustrate key biogeochemical transformations. The second section looks at the geological processes influencing human exposure to specific elements, such as radon, arsenic, fluorine, selenium and iodine. The third section presents the concepts and techniques of pathology, toxicology and epidemiology that underpin investigations into the human health effects of exposure to naturally occurring elements. The last section provides a toolbox of analytical approaches to environmental research and medical geology investigations. Essentials of Medical Geology was first published in 2005 and has since won three prestigious rewards. The book has been recognized as a key book in both medical and geology fields and is widely used as textbook and reference book in these fields. For this revised edition, editors and authors have updated the content that evolved a lot during 2005 and added two new chapters, on public health, and agriculture and health. This updated volume can now continue to be used as a textbook and reference book for all who are interested in this important topic and its impacts the health and wellbeing of many millions of people all over the world. · Addresses key topics at the intersection of environmental science and human health · Developed by 60 international experts from 20 countries and edited by professionals from the International Medical Geology Association (IMGA) · Written in non-technical language for a broad spectrum of readers, ranging from students and professional researchers to policymakers and the general public · Includes color illustrations throughout, references for further investigation and other aids to the reader

Download or read book Interior Cratonic Basins written by Morris Wellman Leighton and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed overview of the Illinois basin is followed by less detailed reviews of six other selected interior cratonic basins: the Williston, Michigan, Baltic, Paris, Parana, and Carpentaria basins. The goal is to develop a better understanding of the basin-forming, basin-filling, and basin-modifying processes that control hydrocarbon plays and resultant oil and gas fields in this class of basins. The idea is to describe and document the variations, opportunities, and exploration problems that can be expected.

Download or read book Prospects for Managed Underground Storage of Recoverable Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-01-07 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing demands for water in many parts of the nation are fueling the search for new approaches to sustainable water management, including how best to store water. Society has historically relied on dams and reservoirs, but problems such as high evaporation rates and a lack of suitable land for dam construction are driving interest in the prospect of storing water underground. Managed underground storage should be considered a valuable tool in a water manager's portfolio, although it poses its own unique challenges that need to be addressed through research and regulatory measures.