Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Bubble Column Reactors Operating with Non Newtonian Liquids written by Amin Esmaeili Khalil Saraei and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrodynamics and Transport Processes of Inverse Bubbly Flow written by Subrata Kumar Majumder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrodynamics and Transport Processes of Inverse Bubbly Flow provides the science and fundamentals behind hydrodynamic characteristics, including flow regimes, gas entrainment, pressure drop, holdup and mixing characteristics, bubble size distribution, and the interfacial area of inverse bubble flow regimes. Special attention is given to mass and heat transfer. This book is an indispensable reference for researchers in academia and industry working in chemical and biochemical engineering. Hydrodynamics and Transport Processes of Inverse Bubbly Flow helps facilitate a better understanding of the phenomena of multiphase flow systems as used in chemical and biochemical industries. - A first book in the market dedicated to the hydrodynamics of inverse bubbly flows - Includes fundamentals of conventional and inverse bubble columns for different hydrodynamic parameters - Includes recommendations for future applications of bubble flows
Download or read book Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Downflow Slurry Bubble Columns written by Subrata Kumar Majumder and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slurry bubble column reactors are intensively used as a multiphase reactor in the chemical, biochemical, and petrochemical industries for carrying out reactions and mass transfer operations in which a gas, made up of one or several reactive components, comes into contact or reacts with a liquid. This volume describes the hydrodynamics of three-phase gas-liquid-solid flow in a downflow slurry bubble column. The efficiency of the downflow gas interacting system is characterized by the self-entrainment of secondary gas. The book covers the gas entrainment phenomena, gas holdup characteristics, pressure drop, gasliquid mixing characteristics, bubble size distribution, interfacial phenomena, and the mass transfer phenomena in the downflow slurry system. This volume will be useful in chemical and biochemical industries and in industrial research and development sectors, as well as in advanced education courses in this area. The book will be helpful for further understanding the multiphase behavior in gas interacting multiphase systems for research and development. The hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics discussed will be useful in the design and installation of the modified slurry bubble column in industry for specific applications.
Download or read book Bubble Column Reactions written by Wolf-Dieter Deckwer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1992-04-08 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technology, though used for many years, has shown great vitality recently and is still in a state of flux. Provides an account of developments up to the present and also an orderly evaluation of literature already published on the subject. Considerable space is devoted to bubble column reactor performance predictions based on mathematical models and the importance of each is explained with practical examples.
Download or read book Airlift Bioreactors written by M. Y. Chisti and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-02-28 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Dense Heat Exchanging Internals on the Hydrodynamics of Bubble Column Reactors Using Non invasive Measurement Techniques written by Mohammed Khloofh Al Mesfer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Given their efficiency and capital cost reduction, bubble/slurry bubble column reactors are the reactors of choice for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, offering clean alternative fuels and chemicals. FT synthesis is an exothermic process that requires many heat exchanging tubes in order to remove heat efficiently and maintain the desired temperature and isothermal operating condition. The impact of the heat exchanging tubes (internals) on the hydrodynamics is not fully understood. Reliably designing and scaling up bubble column reactors requires proper understanding of hydrodynamics, as well as heat and mass transfer parameters. The main objective of this work is to advance the understanding of the effect of internals (25% covered cross-sectional area to meet FT needs) on hydrodynamics (gas holdup distribution, 3D liquid velocity, Reynolds stresses, turbulent kinetic energy, eddy diffusivity, etc.) in bubble columns. Single-source y-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and Radioactive Particle Tracking (RPT) were used for the first time to study the effect of dense internals and gas velocity on the phase holdup distribution and radial profiles, liquid velocity field and turbulent parameter profiles. The main findings obtained for the first time in this study can be summarized as follows: [I] The presence of internals at a given superficial gas velocity causes: [a] An increase in gas holdup and the axial centerline liquid velocity [b] A sharp decrease in turbulence parmeters [II] The increase in superficial gas velocity in the presence of internals causes: [a] An increase in gas holdup, axial centerline liquid velocity and turbulent parameters"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Gas Liquid Reactors written by Barry Azzopardi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of chemical reactors and their safety are as critical to the success of a chemical process as the actual chemistry taking place within the reactor. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the practical aspects of multiphase reactor design and operation with an emphasis on safety and clean technology. It considers not only standard operation conditions, but also the problems of runaway reaction conditions and protection against ensuing over-pressure. Hydrodynamics of Multiphase Reactors addresses both practical and theoretical aspects of this topic. Initial chapters discuss various different types of gas/liquid reactors from a practical viewpoint, and later chapters focus on the modelling of multiphase systems and computational methods for reactor design and problem solving. The material is written by experts in their specific fields and will include chapters on the following topics: Multiphase flow, Bubble columns, Sparged stirred vessels, Macroscale modelling, Microscale modelling, Runaway conditions, Behaviour of vessel contents, Choked flow, Measurement techniques.
Download or read book An Experimental and Computational Study of Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Gas liquid Bubble Columns written by Houman Shirzadi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introduction to Bioreactor Hydrodynamics and Gas Liquid Mass Transfer written by Enes Kadic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews and compares the major types of bioreactors, defines their pros and cons, and identifies research needs and figures of merit that have yet to be addressed Describes common modes of operation in bioreactors Covers the three common bioreactor types, including stirred-tank bioreactors, bubble column bioreactors, and airlift bioreactors Details less common bioreactors types, including fixed bed bioreactors and novel bioreactor designs Discusses advantages and disadvantages of each bioreactor and provides a procedure for optimal bioreactor selection based on current process needs Reviews the problems of bioreactor selection globally while considering all bioreactor options rather than concentrating on one specific bioreactor type
Download or read book Hydrodynamics Mass Transfer and Chemical Reactions in Bubble Column Reactors Using Euler Lagrange Approach written by Manuel Alejandro Taborda Ceballos and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Bubble Column Reactors in Floating Conditions written by Nasim Heydari and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas-liquid as well as gas-liquid-solid bubble column reactors are extensively used in oil refineries and gas treatment plants. They are used especially in chemical processes involving reactions. In recent years, offshore oil and gas industry has been increasingly interested in extending application of reactors for floating platforms such as floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units. However, the challenges of marine currents and waves influence performance of reactors installed onboard marine units. To maintain the capacity and product specifications in such reactors, prediction of their performance deviations with respect to the static ones is essential. Particularly, investigation on single bubble flow behavior in a moving column will provide a basis to understand the more complex behavior in multi-bubble flow in a bubble column reactor operating in floating conditions. To provide more detailed understanding into the effects of marine swells on the performance of bubble column reactors, this research aims at studying the hydrodynamics of single bubble rising in an inclined column. As the bubble-wall interaction has a major impact on the hydrodynamics of bubble column reactor under floating conditions, the modifications in bubble trajectory, velocity, and aspect ratio imposed by the bubble-wall interactions are studied. This master thesis consists of two chapters. The first chapter contains a general introduction on the challenges brought by the need to extend the application of hydrocarbon treating facilities onboard marine units. Important information about hydrodynamics of bubble column reactors and single bubble rising in liquid are provided. Additionally, the most important issues in selection of the solver and the simulation methods are discussed. In the second chapter, the dynamics of a single ellipsoidal air bubble rising in an inclined cylindrical vessel is experimentally investigated. At the end, a general conclusion on the work performed and recommendations for future works is presented.
Download or read book The Impact of Heat Exchanging Internals on Hydrodynamics of Bubble Column Reactor written by Ahmed Jasim and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this study, the impact of configuration and size of vertical heat exchanging internals in bubble columns on gas holdup, specific gas-liquid interfacial area, bubble chord length, and bubble rise velocity were investigated. Three different configurations of internals, each covering 25% of the column's cross-sectional area, were used to simulate the heat exchanging tubes utilized in the F-T process. The First configuration is a circular-like arrangement of 0.5 inch diameter vertical rods, whereas the second is a hexagonal-like arrangement of 0.5 inch diameter vertical rods. The third configuration is also a circular arrangement but of 1 inch diameter vertical rods used to examine the effect heat exchanging tubes diameter on the hydrodynamics. The experiments were carried out in a 14 cm inner diameter Plexiglas bubble column using air-water system, at superficial gas velocities in the range of 0.02 to 0.45 m/s, measured based on free cross-sectional area of the column available for fluid flow. 4-point optical fiber probe technique was used to collect the diameter profiles of the hydrodynamic parameters. In comparison to bubble column without internals, the obtained result showed that the configuration of the internals significantly affect the hydrodynamics and also the flow resistance inside the column. Steeper gas holdup and specific interfacial area profiles observed when the 0.5 inch circular arrangement internals is used. A distinct asymmetrical radial profiles of gas holdup and specific interfacial area were obtained when the hexagonal arrangement is used. The 1 inch internals enhanced the gas holdup and specific interfacial area near to the wall regions. In the churn turbulent regime, Bubbles chord length and bubbles rise velocity were found to be larger with the presence of internals when compared to bubble column without internals"--Abstract, page iv.
Download or read book Fluid Dynamics and Scale up of Bubble Columns with Internals written by Ahmed Abouelfetouh Youssef and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bubble columns and slurry bubble columns, as multiphase reactors, are favored for a wide range of applications in the chemical, biochemical, petrochemical and metallurgical industries. They are considered the reactor of choice for the Fischer Tropsch synthesis, among other applications, offering an alternative energy source and providing clean liquid fuels as compared to other reactors. Most of the industrial applications of bubble column reactors require the utilization of heat exchanging tubes, the effect of which on the reactor's performance is not fully understood. This study proposes detailed investigations of selected local hydrodynamics in bubble columns with and without internal heat exchanging tubes. The main focus of this dissertation is to enhance the understanding of the phenomena associated with the local gas holdup and the bubble dynamics (specific interfacial area, frequency, velocity, and chord length) and their radial profiles via detailed experimentations by means of the four-point optical fiber probe as a measuring technique. In addition, the liquid phase mixing is investigated. The effects of the presence of cooling tubes, which are commonly used in industrial applications of bubble columns, are thoroughly investigated in columns of different diameters to assess the effect of scale. Based on the insights gained from the above, one of the main limitations in bubble columns, scale up, is to be tackled in this study. A new approach, yet simple, for designing the reactor in order to reduce the scale-up risk is developed making use of the necessary heat exchanging vertical internals in controlling the effect of scale through reactor compartmentalization leading to an optimized, yet efficient, design of large scale bubble columns. The main findings of this work can be summarized as follows: The impact of vertical internals on bubble dynamics and liquid phase mixing is assessed: Increase in gas holdup, interfacial area. Decrease in bubble size due to higher break-up rates. Enhancement in the large scale recirculation cells. Increase in the liquid phase mixing. The new scaling methodology was proposed and proven viable.
Download or read book Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Bubble Columns written by Onkar N. Manjrekar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bubble columns and slurry bubble columns are multiphase reactors used for a wide range of applications in the biochemical, chemical, petrochemical, and metallurgical industries. In spite of their widespread usage, the scale-up of bubble columns remains an ongoing challenge. Various scale-up approaches, based on concepts ranging from ideal mixing to complex 3-D multiphase CFD models, have been used for assessing the effect of column size and gas and liquid flow rates on column hydrodynamics and reactor performance. Among these approaches, phenomenological models based on either single-class or multi-class bubbles that were validated on cold flow systems have been successful in predicting the residence time distributions of gas and liquid in pilot-scale bubble columns (Chen et al., 2004) (Gupta, 2002). However, such models are not entirely predictive, since they are validated using columns having the same size as hot operating units. To provide better predictive capability, we need prior knowledge of local hold-up, transport coefficients, and bubble dynamics. This dissertation provides an improved understanding of the key design parameters (gas hold-up, volumetric mass transfer coefficients, gas-liquid interfacial area, and their spatial distribution) for predictive scale-up of bubble columns. In this work, a 4-point optical probe is used to estimate local gas hold-up and bubble dynamics (specific interfacial area, frequency, bubble velocity, and bubble chord-lengths) and their radial profiles in a cold-flow slurry bubble column and a bubble column photo-bioreactor. Along with local bubble dynamics, the effect of superficial gas velocity on volumetric mass transport coefficients in several sizes of bubble columns, with and without internals, and in slurry bubble columns and photo-bioreactors are studied. Key findings: In the bubbly flow regime, bubble dynamics in photo-bioreactors with suspended algae were dominated by the physicochemical properties of the liquid, as distinguished from the churn-turbulent flow regime in the slurry bubble columns, where bubble dynamics were mainly affected by turbulent intensities. In the bubbly-flow regime, volumetric mass transfer coefficients increased with an increase in superficial gas velocity. However, in the churn-turbulent flow regime, they approached a constant value with an increase in the superficial gas velocity. A new methodology was proposed to identify the flow regime from optical probe signals based on the support vector machine algorithm, which can uniquely classify flow regimes for various systems on a single flow regime map. A new model for the liquid phase mixing, that with a proper choice of the mass transfer coefficients enables a good match of the predicted and measured tracer response is described. This model provides a better prediction of volumetric mass transfer coefficients than the currently used well mixed model for the liquid phase (CSTR). The dissertation improves the fundamental understanding of the connection between bubble dynamics and mass transfer. Using the 4-point optical probe as a tool, it demonstrates a connection between bubble dynamics and volumetric mass transfer coefficients. Present work addresses the need of industries to have a method that can be used as an online process control tool to identify flow regime, this method has been tested at cold flow conditions and needs to be implemented at hot flow conditions. The parameters (radial distributions of gas hold-up, bubble velocities, and volumetric mass transfer coefficient) that are evaluated in the present work can be used to validate phenomenological models and CFD results at cold flow conditions, which can later be combined with process chemistry to accomplish scale-up (Chen et al., 2004). The open literature on multiphase reactors is mainly limited to cold flow condition, and techniques such as the optical probe need to be extended to hot flow conditions. The optical probe described here can withstand high temperature and pressure, but for hot flow conditions it requires a better binding agent to hold the probe tips together, one that will not dissolve in industrial solvents.
Download or read book Bubbles Drops and Particles in Non Newtonian Fluids written by R.P. Chhabra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-07-25 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bubbles, Drops, and Particles in Non-Newtonian Fluids, Second Edition continues to provide thorough coverage of the scientific foundations and the latest advances in particle motion in non-Newtonian media. The book demonstrates how dynamic behavior of single particles can yield useful information for modeling transport processes in complex multipha
Download or read book Industrial Tomography written by Mi Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Tomography: Systems and Applications thoroughly explores the important tomographic techniques of industrial tomography, also discussing image reconstruction, systems, and applications. The text presents complex processes, including the way three-dimensional imaging is used to create multiple cross-sections, and how computer software helps monitor flows, filtering, mixing, drying processes, and chemical reactions inside vessels and pipelines. Readers will find a comprehensive discussion on the ways tomography systems can be used to optimize the performance of a wide variety of industrial processes. - Provides a comprehensive discussion on the different formats of tomography - Includes an excellent overview of image reconstruction using a wide range of applications - Presents a comprehensive discussion of tomography systems and their application in a wide variety of industrial processes
Download or read book Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering written by Ashok Pandey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-18 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Bioprocess Engineering, the latest release in the Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering series, provides a comprehensive overview of bioprocess systems, kinetics, bioreactor design, batch and continuous reactors and introduces key principles that enable bioprocess engineers to engage in analysis, optimization and design with consistent control over biological and chemical transformations. The bioprocessing sector is also updating its technologies with state-of-the art techniques to keep up with the rising demand of the industry and R&D. This book covers these aspects, taking readers through a step-by-step journey of bioprocessing while also guiding them towards a new era and future. - Covers state-of-the-art, technological advancements in the field of bioprocessing - Includes design and scale-up of bioreactors, monitoring and control systems, advances in upstream and downstream processing - Includes design and development of fermentation processes such as the suitability of experimental design, full factorial, central composite design, Box-Behnken, Plackett-Burman, and more
