Download or read book Fracture at High Temperatures written by Hermann Riedel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-13 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon at High Temperatures written by Alexander Savvatimskiy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-07 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the properties and behavior of carbon at high temperatures. It presents new methods and new ways to obtain the liquid phase of carbon. Melting of graphite and the properties of liquid carbon are presented under stationary heat and pulse methods. Metal like properties of molten graphite at high initial density are indicated. A new possible transition of liquid carbon from metal to nonmetal behavior much above the melting point is mentioned. Methodical questions of pulse heating, in particular the role of pinch-pressure in receiving a liquid state of carbon, are discussed. The reader finds evidence about the necessity of applying high pressure (higher than 100 bar) to melt graphite (melting temperature 4800±100 K). The reader can verify the advantage of volume pulse electrical heating before surface laser heating to study the physical properties of carbon, including enthalpy, heat capacity, electrical resistivity and temperature. The advantages of fast heating of graphite by pulsed electric current during a few microseconds are shown. The data obtained for the heat capacity of liquid carbon under constant pressure and constant volume were used to estimate the behavior at temperatures much higher 5000 K.
Download or read book Thermophilic Microorganisms and Life at High Temperatures written by T.D. Brock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1965 through 1975, I conducted an extensive field and laboratory research project on thermophilic microorganisms. The field work was based primarily in Yellowstone National Park, using a field laboratory we set up in the city of W. Yellowstone, Montana. The laboratory work was carried out from 1965 through 1971 at Indiana University, Bloomington, and subsequently at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Although this research project began small, it quickly ramified in a wide variety of directions. The major thrust was an attempt to understand the ecology and evolutionary relationships of thermophilic microorganisms, but research also was done on biochemical, physiologic, and taxonomic aspects of thermophiles. Four new genera of thermophilic microorganisms have been discovered during the course of this 10-year period, three in my laboratory. In addition, a large amount of new information has been obtained on some thermophilic microorganisms that previously had been known. In later years, a considerable amount of work was done on Yellowstone algal bacterial mats as models for Precambrian stromatolites. In the broadest sense, the work could be considered geomicrobiological, or biogeochemi cal, and despite the extensive laboratory research carried out, the work was always firmly rooted in an attempt to understand thermophilic microorga nisms in their natural environments. Indeed, one of the prime motivations for initiating this work was a view that extreme environments would provide useful models for studying the ecology of microorganisms. As a result of this 10-year research project, I published over 100 papers.
Download or read book High Temperatures in Aeronautics written by Carlo Ferrari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Temperatures in Aeronautics is a compilation of the proceedings of the Symposium on High Temperatures in Aeronautics held in Turin, Italy, on September 10-12, 1962. The symposium provided a forum to discuss the applications of high temperatures in aeronautics and covers topics ranging from supersonic combustion to non-equilibrium flow through a nozzle, along with similarity parameters in radiation gas-dynamics and photoionization upstream of a strong shock wave. This volume is comprised of 17 chapters and begins with an overview of the effects and consequences of high temperature in aeronautics, followed by an analysis of experimental results for the dissociation of diatomic gases. A theoretical and experimental investigation of mixing and supersonic combustion is then presented, focusing on inviscid flow fields with a finite rate chemistry for a hydrogen-air reaction. Turbulent mixing for flows with large density gradients having no chemical reaction is also considered, and the results of experiments in supersonic combustion are discussed. Subsequent chapters deal with silicon nitride, its properties, and its potential use at elevated temperatures; materials problems at high temperature; and the corrosion of refractory alloys by oil ash containing vanadium. This monograph will be of interest to students, engineers, and experimental workers in the fields of astronautics and aeronautical engineering.
Download or read book High Temperature Materials and Mechanisms written by Yoseph Bar-Cohen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-03-03 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of high-temperature materials in current and future applications, including silicone materials for handling hot foods and metal alloys for developing high-speed aircraft and spacecraft systems, has generated a growing interest in high-temperature technologies. High Temperature Materials and Mechanisms explores a broad range of issues related to high-temperature materials and mechanisms that operate in harsh conditions. While some applications involve the use of materials at high temperatures, others require materials processed at high temperatures for use at room temperature. High-temperature materials must also be resistant to related causes of damage, such as oxidation and corrosion, which are accelerated with increased temperatures. This book examines high-temperature materials and mechanisms from many angles. It covers the topics of processes, materials characterization methods, and the nondestructive evaluation and health monitoring of high-temperature materials and structures. It describes the application of high temperature materials to actuators and sensors, sensor design challenges, as well as various high temperature materials and mechanisms applications and challenges. Utilizing the knowledge of experts in the field, the book considers the multidisciplinary nature of high temperature materials and mechanisms, and covers technology related to several areas including energy, space, aerospace, electronics, and metallurgy. Supplies extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study Addresses related science and engineering disciplines Includes information on drills, actuators, sensors and more A comprehensive resource of information consolidated in one book, this text greatly benefits students in materials science, aerospace and mechanical engineering, and physics. It is also an ideal resource for professionals in the industry.
Download or read book WHO Housing and Health Guidelines written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved housing conditions can save lives, prevent disease, increase quality of life, reduce poverty, and help mitigate climate change. Housing is becoming increasingly important to health in light of urban growth, ageing populations and climate change. The WHO Housing and health guidelines bring together the most recent evidence to provide practical recommendations to reduce the health burden due to unsafe and substandard housing. Based on newly commissioned systematic reviews, the guidelines provide recommendations relevant to inadequate living space (crowding), low and high indoor temperatures, injury hazards in the home, and accessibility of housing for people with functional impairments. In addition, the guidelines identify and summarize existing WHO guidelines and recommendations related to housing, with respect to water quality, air quality, neighbourhood noise, asbestos, lead, tobacco smoke and radon. The guidelines take a comprehensive, intersectoral perspective on the issue of housing and health and highlight co-benefits of interventions addressing several risk factors at the same time. The WHO Housing and health guidelines aim at informing housing policies and regulations at the national, regional and local level and are further relevant in the daily activities of implementing actors who are directly involved in the construction, maintenance and demolition of housing in ways that influence human health and safety. The guidelines therefore emphasize the importance of collaboration between the health and other sectors and joint efforts across all government levels to promote healthy housing. The guidelines' implementation at country-level will in particular contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals on health (SDG 3) and sustainable cities (SDG 11). WHO will support Member States in adapting the guidelines to national contexts and priorities to ensure safe and healthy housing for all.
Download or read book Complex Performance During Exposure to High Temperatures written by P. F. Iampietro and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of high temperature on psychomotor performance and physiological function were studied on male pilots (age 30-51) holding a current medical certificate. A total of 41 runs were made at neutral (23.8C (75F), or hot (60.0C (140F), 71.1C (160F)) temperatures with low humidities (less than 20 mm. Hg at 60.0 and 71.1C). Heart rate (ECG), deep body temperature (rectal probe) and skin temperature were recorded at 2-minute intervals. Performance on a complex performance device (two-dimensional tracking, mental arithmetic, and monitoring) was scored for 5-minute intervals which varied in task difficulty. During exposure to 71.1C mean rectal temperature reached 38.05C (100.5F), mean peak heart rate was 132 beats/min., and mean finger temperature peaked at 42C (107.6F). There were significant decrements in performance (tracking and mental arithmetic) at 71.1C at 60.0C there were no performance decrements during 30 minutes of exposure. Results are discussed as they apply to aircrew in high performance aircraft. (Author).
Download or read book Fatigue and Durability of Metals at High Temperatures written by S. S. Manson and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2009 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From concept to application, this book describes the method of strain-range partitioning for analyzing time-dependent fatigue. Creep (time-dependent) deformation is first introduced for monotonic and cyclic loading. Multiple chapters then discuss strain-range partitioning in details for multi-axial loading conditions and how different loading permutations can lead to different micro-mechanistic effects. Notably, the total-strain method of strain-range partitioning (SRP) is described, which is a methodology that sees use in several industries. Examples from aerospace illustrate applications, and methods for predicting time-dependent metal fatigue are critiqued.
Download or read book Some Effects on Man of High Temperatures written by William John McConnell and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionic Solids at High Temperatures written by A. M. Stoneham and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1989 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most studies of solids at high temperatures have concentrated on rare gases or metals. However, in the last few years, the special properties of ionic solids at high temperatures have become increasingly important, with applications to geophysics, ceramic processing, nuclear fuels, solid-state electrolytes, and so on. This volume includes a review by W Hayes and M Hutchings on some of the recent experiments, notably comprehensive work on crystals with fluorite structure, including uranium dioxide. Such experiments can be both difficult to perform and are equally difficult to interpret. There have also been striking developments in the quantitative atomistic theory of defect properties and transport. All these are studied from different aspects in the following three reviews: on anharmonic lattice dynamics using the shell model (R Ball), on the prediction of defect free energies and transport (J Harding) and on dynamical simulations of superionic conductors (M Gillan).
Download or read book Solar cell Performance at High Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microstructure of Iron and Mild Steel at High Temperatures written by Henry S. Rawdon and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gas Cleaning at High Temperatures written by R. Clift and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2nd International Symposium
Download or read book On the Thermo electric Measurement of High Temperatures written by Carl Barus and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adapting to high temperatures evidence on the impacts of sustainable agricultural practices in Uganda written by Ignaciuk, A., Maggio, G., Mastrorillo, M., Sitko, N. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising temperatures due to climate change pose a significant threat to agricultural systems and the livelihoods of farmers across the globe. Identifying farm management strategies that reduce sensitivity to high temperatures is, therefore, critical for moderating the adverse effects of climate change. In this paper, we use spatially granular climate data merged with four waves of household survey data in Uganda to examine empirically the relationships between high temperatures, agricultural production outcomes, and the adoption (including its duration) of three sustainable agricultural practices (organic fertilizer adoption, banana-coffee intercropping and cereal-legume intercropping). We do this using a fixed-effect model, with instrumental variables to address potential endogeneity issues. Our findings indicate that, while exposure to high temperature does reduce farmers’ crop income, the adoption of these practices can offset the negative impact of high temperatures on such income. Indeed, we show that the benefits of adopting these practices on the total value of crop production increases monotonically astemperatures increase from their long-term averages. Moreover, the number of years a farmer adopts a practice is associated with higher total value of crop production, and this relationship holds across the full distribution of observed high temperature deviations. Taken together, the results suggest that organic fertilizer adoption, banana-coffee intercropping and cereal-legume intercropping are effective options to adapt to rising temperatures in Uganda, and these benefits increase with the duration of adoption. Adaptation policies and programmes must therefore be designed in ways that help farmers overcome initial barriers to adoption of these practices, as well as to support farmers to sustain adoption over time. This may require longer term funding horizons for adaptation programmes, and innovative support mechanisms to incentivize sustained adoption.
Download or read book Oxidation of Carbon at High Temperatures written by Howard G. Maahs and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermomechanics of Composites under High Temperatures written by Yuriy I. Dimitrienko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pioneering book presents new models for the thermomechanical behavior of composite materials, taking into account internal physico-chemical transformations such as thermodecomposition, sublimation, and melting at high temperatures. It collects unique experimental results on mechanical and thermal properties of composites at temperatures up to 2000°C.
