Download or read book High Performance Composite Materials Characterization of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites with Carbon Nanotubes as Reinforcement Agent Within the Matrix written by Ricardo Andrés Ochoa de la Rosa and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project is about mechanical characterization of high performance, structural composite materials. Within the context of this project, a commercial, now available epoxy resin reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT’s) was compared with a high performance commercially available epoxy resin, also using unidirectional carbon fiber as reinforcement agent. CNT’s are a relatively new, interesting topic to study within the materials science, and because of the potential shown in previous studies, are of utter importance for critical structural applications, such as those found in the aerospace industry. During this project previous references were studied and used as comparison material to design the methodological framework followed in this work. To observe CNT’s benefits, samples tailored to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards were manufactured and tested in order to quantify the mechanical properties discussed in this. ASTM standards provide both the sample dimension requirements and the testing procedure to be followed in order to obtain reliable, organized, meaningful data from proposed tests. Tensile, shear and flexural strain-strength tests were performed in samples using both kinds of resins. Data collected from tests was organized, plotted and analyzed to understand mechanical behavior of the samples during the tests. Main engineering values such as ultimate tensile strength, engineering stress, young’s modulus, shear strength and so were gathered and documented in this project. CNT’s reinforced epoxy samples outperformed the common epoxy samples in general, showing a better behavior as seen in the deformation energy absorbed in the samples in each test. It is encouraged to keep the research on the CNT’s topic as a promising and relevant technology called to grow in use and performance in the future, as well as to expand and improve the difficulties and limitations found in this project. This project shows that even when using a low CNT’s content as reinforcement agent within the matrix, evaluated mechanical properties are effectively enhanced, making the CNT’s a good candidate for future composite material components where weight saving and better structural mechanical performance is needed.
Download or read book Carbon Composites written by Deborah D.L. Chung and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Composites: Composites with Carbon Fibers, Nanofibers, and Nanotubes, Second Edition, provides the reader with information on a wide range of carbon fiber composites, including polymer-matrix, metal-matrix, carbon-matrix, ceramic-matrix and cement-matrix composites. In contrast to other books on composites, this work emphasizes materials rather than mechanics. This emphasis reflects the key role of materials science and engineering in the development of composite materials. The applications focus of the book covers both the developing range of structural applications for carbon fiber composites, including military and civil aircraft, automobiles and construction, and non-structural applications, including electromagnetic shielding, sensing/monitoring, vibration damping, energy storage, energy generation, and deicing. In addition to these new application areas, new material in this updated edition includes coverage of cement-matrix composites, carbon nanofibers, carbon matrix precursors, fiber surface treatment, nanocarbons, and hierarchical composites. An ideal source of information for senior undergraduate students, graduate students, and professionals working with composite materials and carbon fibers, this book can be used both as a reference book and as a textbook. Introduces the entire spectrum of carbon fiber composites, including polymer-matrix, metal-matrix, carbon-matrix, ceramic-matrix and cement-matrix composites Systematically sets out the processing, properties, and applications of each type of material Emphasizes processing as the foundation of understanding, manufacturing, and designing with composite materials
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymers written by Roham Rafiee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymers: From Nanoscale to Macroscale addresses the advances in nanotechnology that have led to the development of a new class of composite materials known as CNT-reinforced polymers. The low density and high aspect ratio, together with their exceptional mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, render carbon nanotubes as a good reinforcing agent for composites. In addition, these simulation and modeling techniques play a significant role in characterizing their properties and understanding their mechanical behavior, and are thus discussed and demonstrated in this comprehensive book that presents the state-of-the-art research in the field of modeling, characterization and processing. The book separates the theoretical studies on the mechanical properties of CNTs and their composites into atomistic modeling and continuum mechanics-based approaches, including both analytical and numerical ones, along with multi-scale modeling techniques. Different efforts have been done in this field to address the mechanical behavior of isolated CNTs and their composites by numerous researchers, signaling that this area of study is ongoing. Explains modeling approaches to carbon nanotubes, together with their application, strengths and limitations Outlines the properties of different carbon nanotube-based composites, exploring how they are used in the mechanical and structural components Analyzes the behavior of carbon nanotube-based composites in different conditions
Download or read book Carbon Nanofiber Reinforced Polymer Composites written by Ronald L. Poveda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an extensive review of literature on the properties of carbon nanofibers (CNF) reinforced polymer composites in conjunction with advances in the production and properties of CNFs. It further provides readers a view into the development of lightweight composites whose properties are tailored and enhanced with micro- and nano-reinforcement, along with results from data comparisons from several published investigations.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites written by Dimitrios Tasis and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemically-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit a wide range of physical and chemical properties which makes them an attractive starting material for the preparation of super-strong and highly-conductive fibres and films. Much information is available across the primary literature, making it difficult to obtain an overall picture of the state-of-the-art. This volume brings together some of the leading researchers in the field from across the globe to present the potential these materials have, not only in developing and characterising novel materials but also the devices which can be fabricated from them. Topics featured in the book include Raman characterisation, industrial polymer materials, actuators and sensors and polymer reinforcement, with chapters prepared by highly-cited authors from across the globe. A valuable handbook for any academic or industrial laboratory, this book will appeal to newcomers to the field and established researchers alike.
Download or read book Toughened Composites written by Sri Bandyopadhyay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-09 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers micro and macro aspects of toughened composites covering polymer matrix, metal matrix, ceramic matrix and nanomatrix. It gives the reader understanding of composite fabrication, construction, and lightweight yet high crack resistance performance, macroscopic testing supported by microscopic bonding and debonding features, models of stress transfer, and commercial features of developing cheaper yet high-quality materials. Features: Focuses on micro and macro aspects of toughening methods and principles of composite materials. Includes all types of composites including polymer matrix, metal matrix, ceramic matrix and nanomatrix. Covers corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance as well as solubility resistance. Discusses the use of recycled materials. Provides a good balance of long fibre, short fibre, nanoparticle and particulate modifiers. This book aims at researchers and professionals in materials science, composite materials, fracture mechanics, materials characterization and testing, properties and mechanics, nanomaterials, aerospace and automotive engineering and structural engineering.
Download or read book Processing and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Epoxy Resin Based Multi scale Multi functional Composites written by Piyush R. Thakre and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is focused on investigating the effect of carbon nanotubes on macroscale composite laminate properties, such as, interlaminar shear strength, interlaminar fracture toughness and electrical conductivity along with studying the micro and nano-scale interactions of carbon nanotubes with epoxy matrix via thermomechanical and electrical characterization of nanocomposites. First an introduction to the typical advanced composite laminates and multifunctional nanocomposites is provided followed by a literature review and a summary of recent status on the processing and the characterization work on nanocomposites and composite laminates. Experimental approach is presented for the development of processing techniques and appropriate characterization methods for carbon nanotubes reinforced epoxy resin based multi-functional nanocomposites and carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite laminates modified with carbon nanotubes. The proposed work section is divided into three sub-sections to describe the processing and the characterization of carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy matrix nanocomposites, woven-carbon fabric epoxy matrix composite laminates modified with selective placement of nanotubes and unidirectional carbon fiber epoxy matrix composite laminates modified with carbon nanotubes. Efforts are focused on comparing the effects of functionalized and unfunctionalized carbon nanotubes on the advanced composite laminates. Covalently functionalized carbon nanotubes are used for improved dispersion and fiber-matrix bonding characteristics and compared with unfunctionalized or pristine carbon nanotubes. The processing of woven carbon fabric reinforced epoxy matrix composite laminates is performed using a vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process with selective placement of carbon nanotubes using a spraying method. The uni-directional carbon fiber epoxy matrix pre-preg composites are processed using a hot press technique along with the spraying method for placement of nanotubes. These macroscale laminates are tested using short beam shear and double cantilever beam experiments for investigating the effect of nanotubes on the interlaminar shear stress and the interlaminar fracture toughness. Fractography is performed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the structure-property relationship. The micro and nano-scale interactions of carbon nanotubes and epoxy matrix are studied through the processing of unfunctionalized and functionalized single wall carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy matrix nanocomposites. The multifunctional nature of such nanocomposites is investigated through thermo-mechanical and electrical characterizations.
Download or read book Epoxy Composites written by Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover a one-stop resource for in-depth knowledge on epoxy composites from leading voices in the field Used in a wide variety of materials engineering applications, epoxy composites are highly relevant to the work of engineers and scientists in many fields. Recent developments have allowed for significant advancements in their preparation, processing and characterization that are highly relevant to the aerospace and automobile industry, among others. In Epoxy Composites: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications, a distinguished team of authors and editors deliver a comprehensive and straightforward summary of the most recent developments in the area of epoxy composites. The book emphasizes their preparation, characterization and applications, providing a complete understanding of the correlation of rheology, cure reaction, morphology, and thermo-mechanical properties with filler dispersion. Readers will learn about a variety of topics on the cutting-edge of epoxy composite fabrication and characterization, including smart epoxy composites, theoretical modeling, recycling and environmental issues, safety issues, and future prospects for these highly practical materials. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to epoxy composites, their synthesis and manufacturing, and micro- and nano-scale structure formation in epoxy and clay nanocomposites An exploration of long fiber reinforced epoxy composites and eco-friendly epoxy-based composites Practical discussions of the processing of epoxy composites based on carbon nanomaterials and the thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy composites An analysis of the spectroscopy and X-ray scattering studies of epoxy composites Perfect for materials scientists, polymer chemists, and mechanical engineers, Epoxy Composites: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of engineering scientists working in industry and process engineers seeking a comprehensive and exhaustive resource on epoxy composites.
Download or read book ECCM Research Topic on Advanced Manufacturing of Composites written by Veronique Michaud and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-25 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Topics in Characterization of Composites written by Michael R. Kessler and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Topics in Characterization of Composites is a product of the ''Characterization of Composite Materials" graduate course in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at The University of Tulsa. It contains a series of chapters describing characterization techniques for polymer-matrix composite materials. Topics covered include: -thermal analysis using DSC, -residual stresses, -single-fiber fragmentation testing, -creep and creep nature, -impact testing, -infrared thermography, -air-coupled ultrasonics, -structural health monitoring, and -fractography. The chapters include comprehensive literature reviews, background information, and best practices in experimental composites evaluation.
Download or read book Carbon Fiber Composites written by Deborah D.L. Chung and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1994-09-23 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides introductory information on carbon fiber composites, including polymer-matrix, metal matrix, carbon-matrix, ceramic-matrix, and hybrid composites. Places emphasis on materials rather than mechanics.
Download or read book Carbon Fiber Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Composite Manufacturing Mechanical Property and Microstructure Characterization Study for High Performance Structural Applications written by Claire Jolowsky and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon fiber (CF) composites are implemented into more and more engineering applications due to their superior strength to weight ratio over traditional materials. However, inhomogeneous microstructures of composite laminates may bring some challenges when implemented into applications. For example, due to the manufacturing methods typically used to manufacture the composite parts, there may be a resin-rich layer between the carbon fiber layers which will ultimately end up reducing the overall mechanical properties of the composite. Use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a promising step forward in composite materials as evidence shows an improved strength to weight ratio over that of carbon fiber with the addition of having multifunctional capabilities. Furthermore, CNTs are at the nano or sub-microscale, and are potentially able to reduce resin-rich issues that are present in traditional composites. In this research, we focus on the scale-up study of selected CNT and CNT/CF hybrid composite concepts using continuous CNT materials, aerospace certified resin matrices, and aerospace quality manufacturing processes. The goal of this research is to gain a fundamental understanding of new CNT/CF hybrid microstructures and microstructure-property relationships of these new composites.We manufactured highly aligned CNT sheet composites via stretching process, the results show the high mechanical properties which are comparable to unidirectional carbon fiber laminates. The high degree of alignment, self-assembling, and dense packing achieved within the CNT networks are major factors which contribute to the performance of the composite. We also successfully manufactured unidirectional yarn composites via filament winding and stretching processes. The results show an attractive method of scalability to manufacture high strength CNT panels. To study the effect of CNTs on the GIC of laminates, we manufactured aerospace-quality and ASTM standard double cantilever beam test samples with different CNT layer configurations, the preliminary results show the weak interfacial bonding present within the CNT networks resulting in the low GIC property. Finally, we manufactured CNT yarn/CF hybrid unidirectional laminates to the study the effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties with the addition of aligned CNT layers. The goal is to increase overall reinforcement volume fraction and simultaneously reduce resin rich areas. Each of these results advance the fundamental understanding of the effect of CNT sheets, socks and yarns on manufacturing processes, microstructure, mechanical properties, and failure modes on traditional carbon fiber laminates for potential scaled-up structural applications.
Download or read book Carbon Composites written by Eduardo A. Castro and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the innovative methodologies and strategies adopted in carbon materials research area including: Synthesis, characterization, and functionalization of carbon nanotubes and graphene Surface modification of graphene Carbon-based nanostructured materials The use of carbon nanomaterials for energy applications Development of carbon nanotubes reinforced metal matrix composites and non-metallic composites and their myriad potential end-use applications Key challenges to the successful and widespread implementation of carbon nanotubes reinforced metal matrix composites and non-metallic composites Methods for quantification and improved control of carbon nanotubes distributions Recent research and design trends for carbon nanomaterials-based sensors for a variety of applications Advances and potential applications in environmental monitoring and healthcare
Download or read book The Structural Integrity of Carbon Fiber Composites written by Peter W. R Beaumont and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-26 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a diverse compilation of inter-disciplinary chapters on fundamental aspects of carbon fiber composite materials and multi-functional composite structures: including synthesis, characterization, and evaluation from the nano-structure to structure meters in length. The content and focus of contributions under the umbrella of structural integrity of composite materials embraces topics at the forefront of composite materials science and technology, the disciplines of mechanics, and development of a new predictive design methodology of the safe operation of engineering structures from cradle to grave. Multi-authored papers on multi-scale modelling of problems in material design and predicting the safe performance of engineering structure illustrate the inter-disciplinary nature of the subject. The book examines topics such as Stochastic micro-mechanics theory and application for advanced composite systems Construction of the evaluation process for structural integrity of material and structure Nano- and meso-mechanics modelling of structure evolution during the accumulation of damage Statistical meso-mechanics of composite materials Hierarchical analysis including "age-aware," high-fidelity simulation and virtual mechanical testing of composite structures right up to the point of failure. The volume is ideal for scientists, engineers, and students interested in carbon fiber composite materials, and other composite material systems.
Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Epoxy Composites and Their Applications in Cfrp steel Double Strap Joints as Structural Adhesives written by Asghar Habibnejad Korayem and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impressive mechanical properties of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) have stimulated research interest in the application of CFRP for the retrofitting and strengthening of ageing infrastructures. However, some obstacles such as debonding and the low shear strength of the bond, particularly at temperature about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of bond adhesive, limit the use of CFRP with steel structures. Nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to improve the mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy resin systems for this purpose.The objectives of the present work were thus threefold: (1) to understand the mechanical properties of CNTs via buckling analysis using molecular dynamics simulations, (2) to fabricate and characterize CNT reinforced epoxy composites to improve their mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties, and investigating the effect of ultrasonication energy, CNT geometry, dispersant type, and type of epoxy on the final properties, and (3) to apply CNT reinforced epoxy resins as structural adhesives in CFRP strengthened steel structures subjected to moderately elevated temperatures.The results show that the compression load capacity of short multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) was greater than that of long MWCNTs. It was observed that the variation of the buckling strain of short MWCNTs was inversely proportional to the number of nanotube walls. For slender MWCNTs, the buckling strains fluctuated as the number of walls increased. The strain increased for beam-like buckling mode, decreased for shell-like buckling mode and was approximately constant for shell-beam-like buckling mode. Increase in the length of MWCNT also led to a significant decrease of the buckling strain for short MWCNTs. However, chirality had no significant effect on the buckling strain of MWCNTs, nor did it alter the buckling mode of short MWCNTs.To obtain effective dispersion of CNTs in an epoxy matrix, high shear mixing, ultrasonication treatments and surfactants were found to be essential. It was shown that it is important to use a set of compatible key parameters such as sufficient sonication energy, a strong dispersant, together with the appropriate CNTs. The results show that using ductile epoxy with 3 wt.% CNT masterbatch could enhance Young's modulus by 20%, tensile strength by 30%, flexural strength by 15%, and Tg by 34% of neat epoxy. The degree of CNT dispersion is not only a matter of the copolymer surfactant concentration; the copolymer adsorption morphology on the surface of CNTs also plays a role. Three adsorption morphologies, i.e. random, hemi-micelle, and cylindrical morphology, of BYK 9076 copolymer on the CNT surface were observed at different copolymer/CNT ratios. It was found that hemi-micelle morphology could prevent the agglomeration of CNTs when CNT concentration increased up to 8.7 mg/ml, whereas a cylindrical morphology was more efficient and stable in providing dispersion of a higher concentration of CNTs.It was found that the failure mode in both double strap joints with neat epoxy and/or CNT-epoxy was a combination of steel-adhesive interface failure, cohesive failure, epoxy-CFRP interface failure and CFRP delamination. Joints bonded with CNT-epoxy adhesive possessed an effective bond length of about 60 mm, whereas the effective bond length of joints bonded with neat epoxy was about 70 mm. Increasing the test temperature caused a transition of failure mode from the epoxy-CFRP interface to the steel-epoxy interface and to the cohesive layer in joints with neat epoxy. The cohesive failure could be avoided in the joints with CNT-epoxy. Observations from scanning electron microscopy revealed that CNTs bridge the cracks in epoxy matrix, providing a reinforcing effect. Overall, CNT-epoxy resin systems can provide a significant increase (about two-fold) in bond strength at moderately elevated temperatures compared with neat epoxy.
Download or read book Characterization of Reinforced Structural Composites with Carbon Nanotubes Grown Directly on the Fibers fabrics Using the Poptube Approach written by William Edward Guin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are ideal candidates for the reinforcement of the matrix and interphase zone in polymer matrix composites (PMCs), due to their ability to more effectively bind the reinforcing fibers to the matrix material. This can lead to the enhancement of several critical composite properties - including interfacial shear strength and interlaminar fracture toughness - that are typically associated with a composite material's resistance to delamination. Direct dispersion of CNTs into the matrix of the composites has been shown to be very difficult. A more effective way to reinforce PMCs using CNTs is to grow CNTs directly on the reinforcing fibers. To this end, a novel technique used to grow CNTs directly on carbon fibers has been developed at The University of Alabama and Auburn University. This method, referred to as the PopTube Approach, uses microwave irradiation to grow CNTs at room temperature in air, without the need for inert gas protection or additional feed stock gases. The simple nature of the PopTube Approach lends itself to large-scale, high-yield manufacturing that can be done in a cost effective manner. However, before this technique is developed beyond the laboratory scale, its effectiveness as a route to produce CNT-reinforced composites must be evaluated in a comprehensive manner. The objective of this work is to do just that - characterize the mechanical properties of CNT-reinforced composites produced via the PopTube Approach. A systematic experimental program is carried out to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effects of the PopTube Approach on a wide range of composite mechanical properties. Results show that the PopTube Approach provides for enhanced resistance to delamination with respect to several different loading events. Fractography studies are used to qualitatively understand the mechanisms responsible for these improvements in delamination resistance on the micro-scale. Results also suggest that improvements in delamination resistance via CNT reinforcement may come at the expense of the tensile properties of PMCs - which gives rise to the conclusion that in practice, the degree and manner of CNT reinforcement in PMCs should be carefully considered on an application-by-application basis. Together, the collection of studies performed herein provides a wide-ranging quantitative and qualitative assessment of the effects of the PopTube Approach CNT reinforcement scheme on the mechanical properties and behavior of polymer matrix composites.
Download or read book Carbon Fibers and Their Composite Materials written by Luke Henderson and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon fiber is an oft-referenced material that serves as a means to remove mass from large transport infrastructure. Carbon fiber composites, typically plastics reinforced with the carbon fibers, are key materials in the 21st century and have already had a significant impact on reducing CO2 emissions. Though, as with any composite material, the interface where each component meets, in this case the fiber and plastic, is critical to the overall performance. This text summarizes recent efforts to manipulate and optimize the interfacial interaction between these dissimilar materials to improve overall performance.
