Download or read book Herausforderungen an die Wirtschaftspolitik an der Schwelle zum 21 Jahrhundert written by Irmgard Nübler and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An der Schwelle zum neuen Jahrhundert steht die Wirtschaftspolitik vor großen Herausforderungen. Vor dem Hintergrund der Globalisierung, des Wandels zur Dienstleistungsgesellschaft, der Veränderung von demographischen Strukturen und des Übergangs der planwirtschaftlich organisierten Wirtschaftssysteme in marktwirtschaftlich orientierte gilt es, in den Industrie-, Transformations- und Entwicklungsländern zukunftsweisende wirtschaftspolitische Weichenstellungen vorzunehmen.Zu den drängendsten ökonomischen Problemen der westlichen Industrieländer zählen die Arbeitslosigkeit, eine sich vergrößernde Einkommensungleichheit sowie die Alterung der Bevölkerung. In vielen Entwicklungsländern dominiert die Sorge, daß angesichts von Globalisierung und Wissensintensivierung der Produktionsprozesse aufholende Entwicklung erschwert wird. Während die ost- und mitteleuropäischen Transformationsländer auf dem Weg in die EU sind, bereitet der Transformationsprozeß in den übrigen Ländern des ehemaligen Ostblocks erhebliches Kopfzerbrechen; insbesondere Rußland scheint vor beinahe unlösbaren wirtschaftlichen und politischen Problemen zu stehen. Finanz- und Währungskrisen werfen Schatten auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in anderen Regionen der Welt.Die Beiträge zu dieser Festschrift befassen sich eingehend mit diesen Problemen. Sie spiegeln das Wirken und die Arbeiten von Lutz Hoffmann wider, der sich als Wissenschaftler und Berater seit mehr als 40 Jahren mit wirtschaftspolitischen Fragen befaßt. Sein Denken war dabei immer von Skepsis gegenüber einfachen, modellhaften Lösungen geprägt. Lutz Hoffmann ist ein Ökonom, der mit Theorien pragmatisch umzugehen weiß und Schubladendenken ablehnt. Er hat sich von keiner der vielen Schulen der Volkswirtschaftslehre vereinnahmen lassen und einen unabhängigen, kritischen Geist bewahrt. Die Auswahl der Beiträge sowie die Autoren, die von inländischen und ausländischen Universitäten, internationalen Organisationen und nationalen Forschungsinstituten kommen, reflektieren diesen wissenschaftlichen Pluralismus.
Download or read book Divide and Deal written by Ian Shapiro and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2010-07-12 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are democracies so unequal? Despite the widespread expectation that democracy, via expansion of the franchise, would lead to redistribution in favor of the masses, in reality majorities regularly lose out in democracies. Taking a broad view of inequality as encompassing the distribution of wealth, risk, status, and well-being, this volume explores how institutions, individuals, and coalitions contribute to the often surprising twists and turns of distributive politics. The contributors hail from a range of disciplines and employ an array of methodologies to illuminate the central questions of democratic distributive politics: What explains the variety of welfare state systems, and what are their prospects for survival and change? How do religious beliefs influence people’s demand for redistribution? When does redistributive politics reflect public opinion? How can different and seemingly opposed groups successfully coalesce to push through policy changes that produce new winners and losers? The authors identify a variety of psychological and institutional factors that influence distributive outcomes. Taken together, the chapters highlight a common theme: politics matters. In seeking to understand the often puzzling contours of distribution and redistribution, we cannot ignore the processes of competition, bargaining, building, and destroying the political alliances that serve as bridges between individual preferences, institutions, and policy outcomes.
Download or read book Modernizing Infrastructure in Transformation Economies written by Christian von Hirschhausen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of infrastructure policies is a controversial issue in the transition economies of Eastern Europe, where the dismal state of infrastructure was widely regarded to be one of the major obstacles to economic recovery and sustained growth. With the imminent enlargement of the EU, Christian von Hirschhausen provides a detailed, reflective analysis of the state of infrastructure development in Eastern Europe.
Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe s Transition Economies written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of the world's poorest households depend on farming for their livelihood. During the 1960s and 1970s, most developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Although progress has been made over the past two decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and other sectors as well as within the agricultural sector of both rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the disarray in world agricultural markets first appeared approximately 20 years ago. Since then the OECD has provided estimates each year of market distortions in high-income countries, but there has been no comparable estimates for the world's developing countries. This volume is the first in a series (other volumes cover Africa, Asia, and Latin America) that not only fill that void for recent years but extend the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in time--and provide analytical narratives for scores of countries that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies' provides an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural incentives caused by price and trade policies in the economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia that are transitioning away from central planning. The book includes country and subregional studies of the ten transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe that joined the European Union in 2004 or 2007, of seven other large member countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and of Turkey. Together these countries comprise over 90 percent of the Europe and Central Asia region's population and GDP. Sectoral, trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed greatly since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, but price distortions remain. The new empirical indicators in these country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for evaluating policy options in the years ahead.
Download or read book Efficiency Costs of Myanmar s Multiple Exchange Rate Regime written by Masahiro Hori and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myanmar's multiple exchange rate system creates various economic distortions. This paper describes the exchange rate practices in Myanmar, develops a model of foreign exchange markets, and presents the efficiency costs imposed by quasi-fiscal operation under the current exchange rate regime. The results of our model-based analyses indicate that the equilibrium exchange rate under the unified market could be at around K 400-500 per U.S. dollar, and using the equilibrium exchange rate (instead of the official exchange rate) as the accounting rate increases trade openness to more than 20 percent from less than 1 percent measured by official statistics. The total efficiency loss caused by the current multiple exchange rate regime is estimated at about 14-17 percent of GDP in 2006/07.
Download or read book German books in print written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Welfare Effects of Uzbekistan s Foreign Exchange Regime written by Christoph B. Rosenberg and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-03 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to transferring about 16 percent of GDP from exporters to importers, Uzbekistan’s quasi-fiscal multiple exchange rate regime generates identifiable welfare losses of 2-8 percent of GDP on import markets and up to 15 percent on export markets. These excess burdens have increased substantially with the growing difference of exchange rates. The welfare analysis allows some conclusions regarding the optimal reform strategy: (i) welfare losses will decline overproportionally as exchange rates unify; (ii) exchange rate unification should be supplemented by changing the explicit fiscal system; (iii) at a minimum, Uzbekistan would benefit from moving to an explicit fiscal regime.
Download or read book Republic of Uzbekistan Recent Economic Developments written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Community Energy in Germany written by Jörg Radtke and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this ground-breaking book, Jörg Radtke offers for the first time within research, a comprehensive insight into the range of organizational structures of community energy projects in Germany and their contribution to the Energiewende. Based on nationwide quantitative survey data and in-depth analyses of selected case studies of solar, wind and geothermal projects, Radtke documents the social structure and motivations of participating citizens. He examines new forms of material participation, community building and co-determination within the mostly volunteer-led community energy projects based on the civic engagement patterns of active “green citizens”. The author identifies a new form of individualistic participation and collective modes of action in line with new types of project-oriented participation between business, politics and civil society within sustainability transformation processes of the early 21st century.
Download or read book Bibliographie internationale annuelle des m langes written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Democracy in Power written by Wolfgang Merkel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-03-31 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization, European integration, and social change have devaluated traditional social democratic policy instruments. This book compares and explores how social democratic governments have had to adapt and whether they have successfully managed to uphold old social democratic goals and values in the light of these challenges. This volume examines the policy measures of social democratic parties in government in a comparative framework. The authors focus on traditional social democratic goals and tools, in particular, fiscal, employment, and social policy, in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Denmark. They identify three policy patterns in social democratic governments: traditional, modernized, and liberalized social democracy and provide a comparative account of the explanatory power of the national context for policy adopted by social democratic parties. Finally, the extent to which social democratic parties have been able to use the European Union as a political space for social democratic governance and policy-making is examined. Social Democracy in Power will be of interest to students and scholars of politics, comparative politics, European studies and public policy.
Download or read book The Case for Industrial Policy written by Howard Pack and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the underlying rationales for industrial policy? Does empirical evidence support the use of industrial policy for correcting market failures that plague the process of industrialization? To address these questions, the authors provide a critical survey of the analytical literature on industrial policy. They also review some recent industry successes and argue that only a limited role was played by public interventions. Moreover, the recent ascendance of international industrial networks, which dominate the sectors in which less developed countries have in the past had considerable success, implies a further limitation on the potential role of industrial policies as traditionally understood. Overall, there appears to be little empirical support for an activist government policy even though market failures exist that can, in principle, justify the use of industrial policy.
Download or read book Taxation Wage Bargaining and Unemployment written by Isabela Mares and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why were European economies able to pursue the simultaneous commitment to full employment and welfare state expansion during the first decades of the postwar period and why did this virtuous relationship break down during recent decades? This book provides an answer to this question, by highlighting the critical importance of a political exchange between unions and governments, premised on wage moderation in exchange for the expansion of social services and transfers. The strategies pursued by these actors in these political exchanges are influenced by existing wage bargaining institutions, the character of monetary policy and by the level and composition of social policy transfers. The book demonstrates that the gradual growth in the fiscal burden has undermined the effectiveness of this political exchange, lowering the ability of unions' wage policies to affect employment outcomes.
Download or read book Austria written by Elisabeth Lichtenberger and published by Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is the first geographic work on Austria to appear since the 1920s. It presents the results of research work in the fields of history, politics, regional planning, economics, sociology and the earth sciences, in part effected by the research focus Austria. Space and Society which was started by the Austrian Research Foundation in 1994 and coordinated by the author. The book's purpose is threefold: 1. to furnish a representative introduction to the country - a sort of a calling card, 2. to serve as information base for the sophisticated general reader on account ot the variety of topics covered and the wealth of its maps and statistical data, 3. to inform the international scientific community about Austrian problems of European relevance, e.g. the three-dimensional superimposition of the international leisure society upon the local society in high mountain environments, the impact of international migration upon segregation in urban and rural areas, the development of new regional disparities through the internationalization of the real estate market.
Download or read book Bibliographie der Staats und Wirtschaftswissenschaften written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1012 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Dual Transformation of the German Welfare State written by P. Bleses and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-08-23 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book breaks new intellectual ground in the analysis of the German welfare state. Bleses and Seeleib-Kaiser argue that we are witnessing a dual transformation of the welfare state, which is caused by the emergence of new dominating interpretative patterns. Increasingly, the state reduces its social policy commitments towards securing the achieved living standard of former wage earners, which in the past had been the key normative principle of social policy in Germany, while at the same time public support and services for families are expanded.
Download or read book Historical Social Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
