Download or read book Heme Oxygenase and the Kidney written by David E. Stec and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heme oxygenases (HOs) are the enzymes responsible for the breakdown of heme and the generation of biliverdin/bilirubin and carbon monoxide (CO). The kidney is a complex organ consisting of many different cell types all working together for the single purpose of filtering the blood to eliminate waste products and conserving ions, minerals, and water necessary for life. HO enzymes and their products play a critical role in the normal function of the kidney as well as protecting the kidney from various insults including ischemia and exposure to nephrotoxins. For example, the HO metabolite, bilirubin, is a potent antioxidant which can limit damage to renal tubular epithelial cells following exposure to nephrotoxins associated with chemotherapy or traumatic injury. Another HO metabolite, CO, is an important vasodilator of renal blood vessels and helps protect against severe decreases in renal blood flow in conditions as diverse as exposure to radiocontrast agents and in hypertension-induced kidney disease. HO and its metabolites also play an important role in the survival of kidney cells after acute and chronic injuries by regulating important cell growth and programmed cell death pathways. The intent of this volume is to highlight the important role that HO enzymes and their related metabolites, bilirubin and CO, play in the regulation of renal function and in the response of the kidney to both acute and chronic pathologies. Table of Contents: Introduction to the HO System / HO and Renal Vascular Function / HO and Renal Tubule Function / HO and Acute Kidney Injury / HO and Chronic Kidney Injury / Future of Renal HO Research / References
Download or read book Role of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Acute Kidney Injury written by Subhashini Bolisetty and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heme Oxygenase in Biology and Medicine written by Nader G. Abraham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heme oxygenase is rapidly taking its place as the centerpiece of multiple inter acting metabolic systems. Only 25 years ago heme oxygenase and its metabolic prod ucts appeared to be merely a simple metabolic system-one substrate, heme; one enzyme, heme oxygenase; and one set of products, iron to be recycled, and bilirubin and carbon monoxide to be disposed. From a group of about 25 people in 1974, as judged by attendance at various Gordon conferences, heme oxygenase has, in the year 2000, attracted working scientists-and clinicians I might add-by the hundreds and has produced referenced publications by the thousands. It is well-deserved attention. Heme oxygenase system is now similar to the metabolic networks surrounding glucose in those complex maps of glycolytic and non-glycolytic metabolic pathways, which we had to memorize as students. The relevance of heme oxygenase to regulatory biology was recognized many years ago, but the work conducted over the past five years has created a new wave of emphasis focusing on genetic manipulation to alter heme oxygenase gene expression, the regulatory actions of heme oxygenase products including carbon monoxide, and the significance of changes in the heme oxygenase system. The physiological and pathological relevance of heme oxygenase in the brain, heart, liver, bone marrow, organ transplant, lung and kidney, opens many areas of investigation in various dis ciplines. Advances in the pharmacology of bilirubin and its ability as an antioxidant have provided a new avenue in clinical research.
Download or read book Heme Oxygenase 1 Mediates Kidney Central Carbon Metabolism Regulation to Heme Stimulation written by Joel Guerra and published by . This book was released on 2022* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heme Oxygenase written by Mahin D. Maines and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-06-16 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: his book provides a comprehensive summary of data from basic research on characterization, regulation, and function of heme oxygenase in mammalian systems. The book also includes a major section that covers the currently used clinical methods to suppress neonatal jaundice with emphasis on the newly developed use of synthetic metalloporophyrins. This book will be welcomed by researchers and students in pharmacology, biochemistry, pharmacy, neonatology, hematology, internal medicine, and endocrinology.
Download or read book The Effect of Isothiocyanates on Heat Shock Protein Heme Oxygenase 1 and tubulin Levels and Localization in Xenopus A6 Kidney Cells written by Imran Khamis and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heme Oxygenase written by Leo E. Otterbein and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heme oxygenase is an enzyme which breaks down heme, the iron-containing oxygen-carrying constituent of the red blood cells. Heme must be synthesised and degraded within an individual nucleated cell, as heme is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by sensing or using oxygen. Physiological heme degradation is catalysed by the two functional isozymes of heme oxygenase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and HO-2, yielding CO, iron, and biliverdin IX N. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-proliferative effects, is up-regulated by multiple stimuli and provides protection against oxidative stress. HO-1 also plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular function and is involved in many other diseases such as sickle cell disease. This new book brings together leading research from around the world in this field.
Download or read book Stress induced Accumulation of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Xenopus Laevis A6 Kidney Epithelial Cells written by Ena Music and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous studies have examined stress-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression primarily in mammalian systems. The present study examines, for the first time in amphibians, the effect of heat shock, sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride, and the proteasomal inhibitor MG132 on HO-1 accumulation in Xenopus laevis A6 kidney epithelial cells. Western blot analysis revealed that exposure of A6 cells to a range of heat shock temperatures (30-35 °C), which induced HSP30 accumulation, did not induce HO-1 accumulation. In contrast, cells treated with sodium arsenite (5-50 [mu]M), cadmium chloride (50-200 [mu]M) or MG132 (5-30 [mu]M) exhibited a dose- and time-dependent accumulation of HO-1. Additionally, immunocytochemical analysis revealed that HO-1 and HSP30 accumulation occurred in a granular pattern primarily in the cytoplasm in cells treated with sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride, or MG132. In cells recovering from sodium arsenite or cadmium chloride treatment, HO-1 and HSP30 accumulation initially increased to a maximum at 12 h and 24 h recovery, respectively, followed by a 50% reduction at 48 h. This initial increase in the relative levels of stress proteins was likely the result of new synthesis as it was inhibited by cycloheximide. In comparison, cells recovering from MG132 treatment displayed reduced but prolonged accumulation of HO-1 and HSP30. Interestingly, cells treated with low concentrations (10 [mu]M) of sodium arsenite or MG132 but not cadmium chloride in combination with a mild 30 °C heat shock had enhanced accumulation of HO-1 and HSP30 accumulation compared to either of the stressors individually. This study has shown for the first time in amphibians that HO-1 accumulation is induced in response to metals and proteasomal inhibitors, suggesting that it may play a role in mediating the cellular stress response in X. laevis.
Download or read book Cellular Stress Responses in Renal Diseases written by Mohammed S. Razzaque and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat shock proteins are a distinctive class of proteins that have evolved to cope with stress and to provide cellular defense against a wide range of cell injuries. Cellular stress responses include a transient rearrangement of functional activities in order to protect and maintain essential cellular functions. The science of stress responses in various renal diseases is a new and still evolving medical discipline which offers the prospect of new alternate therapeutic options. This publication provides basic information about the important role of stress proteins in several renal diseases, ranging from hypoxic injuries to fibrotic renal disorders and tumors. Each chapter is written in a clear but concise style and includes illustrations necessary to highlight essential biological pathways which have been discovered during the past few years. Providing an overview of contemporary issues, this book will be a useful reference book for clinicians and basic researchers in the fields of cell biology, pathology and nephrology who are either involved in dealing with patients suffering from various renal diseases or in defining various stress responses during tissue injury and subsequent organ damage.
Download or read book Role of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Murine Renal Allograft Acceptance written by Christina Sass and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The acceptance of renal grafts in mice seems to be strain specific. While a kidney transplant between MHC disparate Balb/C and C57/B6 mice is rapidly rejected, a DBA kidney transplanted into a B6 mouse is spontaneously accepted and the acceptance is long term. Examination of sera from the B6 recipient demonstrates graft reactive antibodies suggesting an immune response being mounted. Yet the graft remains functioning suggesting that a state of tolerance has developed. Many theories as to the mode of immune regulation have been proposed including the presence of regulatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGFbeta), and the presence of regulatory T-cells. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) can be identified by the expression of the forkhead transcription factor foxP3, but the mechanism by which these Tregs down regulate the immune response remains to be determined. One theory is that foxP3 up-regulates the expression of the enzyme heme oxygenase-1 and this molecule produces physiological levels of carbon monoxide which has been shown to down regulate the activity of graft reactive T-cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that the regulation of the accepted grafts act through the presence of FoxP3 positive regulatory T-cells acting through up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1. To test this hypothesis we isolated RNA from accepted DBA to B6 renal allografts at various time points (day 0, 30, 60, 150). After reverse transcribing the RNA and using a polymerase chain reaction to clone heme oxygenase-1, expression of the gene was compared to expression of heme oxygenase-1 in B6 to B6 murine renal isografts taken at the same time points using gel electrophoresis. The expression of FoxP3 was also measured using the same procedure as stated above. This study is important because the DBA to B6 model seems to mimic the human condition, as patients have been seen that express enough antibody to warrant rejection but are not rejecting their renal grafts after transplantation.
Download or read book The Role of Heme Oxygenase and Carbon Monoxide in the Development of Hypertension a Mechanistic Approach written by Syed Sirag Ahmed Quadri and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endogenous carbon monoxide (C) is formed by the enzymatic breakdown of heme by the heme oxygenase (HO). Significant increases in CO can be associated with endothelial dysfunction due to a reduction in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and/ or depletion in nitric oxide (NO). Studies aimed at investigating the role of HO in water and electrolyte excretion revealed a direct renal tubular role for endogenous CO in regulating sodium excretion in both L-NAME treated and untreated rats. Further, acute administration of angiotensin II (AngII) revealed that AngII increases HO-1 concentration in both heart and kidney and leads to induction of endogenous CO which drives an elevation in blood pressure. Treatment with Zinc deuteroporphyrin 2, 4-bis glycol (ZnDBPG) decreases the blood pressure through the attenuation of HO-1 induction, which in turn decreases carboxyhemoglobin (CoHb). Patients with diabetes mellitus are known to have an increase in respiratory CO levels which could contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Recurrent insulin induced hypoglycemia (RIIH) is an unavoidable risk of conventional therapeutic management of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We hypothesized that RIIH contributes to endothelial dysfunction and ultimately contributes to hypertension. Studies revealed that insulin induced hypoglycemia in male rats is responsible for diminished blood glucose levels promoting an increase in HO-1 in heart and kidney which drives CO induction and increases blood pressure. Circulating AngII concentration was increased due to RIIH which contributes to hypertension and end organ damage. Treatment with high zinc diet and ZnDPBG, a HO-1 inhibitor, reduces HO-1 levels and CoHb concentration which produces a significant reduction in blood pressure. The current study confirmed that HO-1 induction was via AngII in that captopril (20 mg/kg) administration significantly lowered the blood pressure and attenuated the induction in HO-1. Our results provide novel evidence demonstrating the role of endogenously formed CO and the potential to promote endothelial dysfunction contributing to hypertension. Overall, the current studies suggest the possible role of HO and CO as a potential mechanism leading to hypertension. -Author
Download or read book Cholestatic Liver Disease written by Elizabeth J. Carey and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-18 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition, there have been advances in both the diagnosis and the management of many of the cholestatic liver diseases. Cholestatic Liver Disease, Second Edition thoroughly updates the topics previously addressed, such as primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholestatic variants of drug hepatotoxicity and viral disease. New treatments, such as the development of the farnesoid X receptor agonists for the treatment of PBC, are highlighted. Current guidelines and areas of uncertainty are also covered. Additionally, new chapters have been added to reflect the changing landscape of cholestatic liver disease. Cholestatic Liver Disease, Second Edition is a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field and is of value to clinicians and researchers interested in patients with cholestatic liver disease provide that will help to guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.
Download or read book Brenner and Rector s The Kidney E Book written by Karl Skorecki and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 2748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Put the world’s most well-known kidney reference to work in your practice with the 11th Edition of Brenner & Rector’s The Kidney. This two-volume masterwork provides expert, well-illustrated information on everything from basic science and pathophysiology to clinical best practices. Addressing current issues such as new therapies for cardiorenal syndrome, the increased importance of supportive or palliative care in advanced chronic kidney disease, increasing live kidney donation in transplants, and emerging discoveries in stem cell and kidney regeneration, this revised edition prepares you for any clinical challenge you may encounter. Extensively updated chapters throughout, providing the latest scientific and clinical information from authorities in their respective fields. Lifespan coverage of kidney health and disease from pre-conception through fetal and infant health, childhood, adulthood, and old age. Discussions of today’s hot topics, including the global increase in acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology, cardiovascular disease and renal disease, and global initiatives for alternatives in areas with limited facilities for dialysis or transplant. New Key Points that represent either new findings or "pearls" of information that are not widely known or understood. New Clinical Relevance boxes that highlight the information you must know during a patient visit, such as pertinent physiology or pathophysiology. Hundreds of full-color, high-quality photographs as well as carefully chosen figures, algorithms, and tables that illustrate essential concepts, nuances of clinical presentation and technique, and clinical decision making. A new editor who is a world-renowned expert in global health and nephrology care in underserved populations, Dr. Valerie A. Luyckx from University of Zürich. Board review-style questions to help you prepare for certification or recertification.
Download or read book Oxidants Antioxidants and Impact of the Oxidative Status in Male Reproduction written by Ralf Henkel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidants, Antioxidants and Impact of the Oxidative Status in Male Reproduction is an essential reference for fertility practitioners and research and laboratory professionals interested in learning about the role of reactive oxygen species in sperm physiology and pathology. The book focuses on unravelling the pathophysiology of oxidative stress mediated male infertility, recruiting top researchers and clinicians to contribute chapters. This collection of expertise delves into the physico-chemical aspects of oxidative stress, including a new focus on reductive stress. Furthermore, the inclusion of clinical techniques to determine oxidative stress and the OMICS of reductive oxidative stress are also included. This is a must-have reference in the area of oxidative stress and male reproductive function. Offers comprehensive information on oxidative stress and its role in male reproduction, including new therapeutic approaches Deals with current approaches to oxidative stress using OMICS platform“/li> Designed for fertility practitioners, reproductive researchers, and laboratory professionals interested in learning about the role of reactive oxygen species in sperm physiology and pathology
Download or read book Pediatric Nephrology written by Ellis D. Avner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-20 with total page 2059 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is an extensive update of Pediatric Nephrology, which has become the standard reference text in the field. It is global in perspective and reflects the international group of editors, who are well-recognized experts in pediatric nephrology. Within this text, the development of kidney structure and function is followed by detailed and comprehensive chapters on all childhood kidney diseases.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide Synthase Characterization and Functional Analysis written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1996-09-18 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the function of nitric oxide in a regulatory capacity in the central and peripheral nervous system is widely recognized, the full scope of its actions and its interrelationships with other classes of regulatory molecules is just beginning to be comprehended. This volume contains a number of sophisticated and advanced methods essential for exploring the activity of nitric oxide in the brain. It will be a valuable tool for the established investigator and for those just entering the field. - Comprehensive protocols included for detection of NO and related compounds by chemical, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization techniques - Newly developed methods for the purification of neuronal and endothelial NO synthase, production of monoclonal antibodies to NO synthase, molecular cloning and expression of NO synthesis, and control of NO synthase gene expression - Assessment of NO-mediated functions in neurons, central nervous system, cerebral circulation, synaptic transmission, and vascular tone - Calcium imaging by confocal microscopy, evaluation of the effect of NO on iron metabolism, and detection of heme oxygenase-1 and -2 message level and distribution
Download or read book Handbook of Cell Signaling written by Ralph A. Bradshaw and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-03 with total page 3188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Cell Signaling, Three-Volume Set, 2e, is a comprehensive work covering all aspects of intracellular signal processing, including extra/intracellular membrane receptors, signal transduction, gene expression/translation, and cellular/organotypic signal responses. The second edition is an up-to-date, expanded reference with each section edited by a recognized expert in the field. Tabular and well illustrated, the Handbook will serve as an in-depth reference for this complex and evolving field. Handbook of Cell Signaling, 2/e will appeal to a broad, cross-disciplinary audience interested in the structure, biochemistry, molecular biology and pathology of cellular effectors. - Contains over 350 chapters of comprehensive coverage on cell signaling - Includes discussion on topics from ligand/receptor interactions to organ/organism responses - Provides user-friendly, well-illustrated, reputable content by experts in the field
