Download or read book Heavy Truck Drag Reduction Through Rear of Trailer Aerodynamic Modifications written by Patrick McKay Dean and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles Trucks Buses and Trains written by Rose McCallen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-09 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes the carefully edited contributions to the United Engineering Foundation Conference: The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles: Trucks, Buses and Trains held in Monterey, California from December 2-6, 2002. This conference brought together 90 leading engineering researchers discussing the aerodynamic drag of heavy vehicles. The book topics include a comparison of computational fluid dynamics calculations using both steady and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes, large-eddy simulation, and hybrid turbulence models and experimental data obtained from wind tunnel experiments. Advanced experimental techniques including three-dimensional particle image velocimetry are presented as well, along with their use in evaluating drag reduction devices.
Download or read book Modifying the Aerodynamics of Your Road Car written by Julian Edgar & Richard H Barnard and published by David and Charles. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Want to improve handling, straight-line performance or fuel economy? In that case, you'll achieve best results by modifying your vehicle's aerodynamics. This handbook is a must-read that takes you from testing the standard car through to making sophisticated aerodynamic modifications that have real impact.
Download or read book Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of Heavy duty Trailer Trucks written by Ellen M. Hively and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of Aerodynamic Drag Reduction on a Full scale Tractor trailer written by L. L. Steers and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of Aerodynamic Drag Reduction on a Full scale Tractor trailer Final Report written by L. L. Steers and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book DOE Project on Heavy Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Class 8 tractor-trailers consume 11-12% of the total US petroleum use. At highway speeds, 65% of the energy expenditure for a Class 8 truck is in overcoming aerodynamic drag. The project objective is to improve fuel economy of Class 8 tractor-trailers by providing guidance on methods of reducing drag by at least 25%. A 25% reduction in drag would present a 12% improvement in fuel economy at highway speeds, equivalent to about 130 midsize tanker ships per year. Specific goals include: (1) Provide guidance to industry in the reduction of aerodynamic drag of heavy truck vehicles; (2) Develop innovative drag reducing concepts that are operationally and economically sound; and (3) Establish a database of experimental, computational, and conceptual design information, and demonstrate the potential of new drag-reduction devices. The studies described herein provide a demonstration of the applicability of the experience developed in the analysis of the standard configuration of the Generic Conventional Model. The modeling practices and procedures developed in prior efforts have been applied directly to the assessment of new configurations including a variety of geometric modifications and add-on devices. Application to the low-drag 'GTS' configuration of the GCM has confirmed that the error in predicted drag coefficients increases as the relative contribution of the base drag resulting from the vehicle wake to the total drag increases and it is recommended that more advanced turbulence modeling strategies be applied under those circumstances. Application to a commercially-developed boat tail device has confirmed that this restriction does not apply to geometries where the relative contribution of the base drag to the total drag is reduced by modifying the geometry in that region. Application to a modified GCM geometry with an open grille and radiator has confirmed that the underbody flow, while important for underhood cooling, has little impact on the drag coefficient of the vehicle. Furthermore, the evaluation of the impact of small changes in radiator or grille dimensions has revealed that the total drag is not particularly sensitive to those changes. This observation leads to two significant conclusions. First, a small increase in radiator size to accommodate heat rejection needs related to new emissions restrictions may be tolerated without significant increases in drag losses. Second, efforts to reduce drag on the tractor requires that the design of the entire tractor be treated in an integrated fashion. Simply reducing the size of the grille will not provide the desired result, but the additional contouring of the vehicle as a whole which may be enabled by the smaller radiator could have a more significant effect.
Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.
Download or read book Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles written by Wolf-Heinrich Hucho and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles details the aerodynamics of passenger cars, commercial vehicles, sports cars, and race cars; their external flow field; as well as their internal flow field. The book, after giving an introduction to automobile aerodynamics and some fundamentals of fluid mechanics, covers topics such as the performance and aerodynamics of different kinds of vehicles, as well as test techniques for their aerodynamics. The book also covers other concepts related to automobiles such as cooling systems and ventilations for vehicles. The text is recommended for mechanical engineers and phycisists in the automobile industry who would like to understand more about aerodynamics of motor vehicles and its importance on the field of road safety and automobile production.
Download or read book Practical Devices for Heavy Truck Aerodynamic Drag Reduction written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Reassessment of Heavy Duty Truck Aerodynamic Design Features and Priorities written by Edwin J. Saltzman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Technologies Testing of Heavy Duty Vocational Vehicles and a Dry Van Trailer written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focused on two accepted methods for quantifying the benefit of aerodynamic improvement technologies on vocational vehicles: the coastdown technique, and on-road constant speed fuel economy measurements. Both techniques have their advantages. Coastdown tests are conducted over a wide range in speed and allow the rolling resistance and aerodynamic components of road load force to be separated. This in turn allows for the change in road load and fuel economy to be estimated at any speed, as well as over transient cycles. The on-road fuel economy measurements only supply one lumped result, applicable at the specific test speed, but are a direct measurement of fuel usage and are therefore used in this study as a check on the observed coastdown results. Resulting coefficients were then used to populate a vehicle model and simulate expected annual fuel savings over real-world vocational drive cycles.
Download or read book FY 2004 Annual Report written by C. J. Roy and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this report is: (1) Provide guidance to industry in the reduction of aerodynamic drag of heavy truck vehicles; and (2) Establish a database of experimental, computational, and conceptual design information, and demonstrate potential of new drag-reduction devices. The approaches used were: (1) Develop and demonstrate the ability to simulate and analyze aerodynamic flow around heavy truck vehicles using existing and advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools; (2) Through an extensive experimental effort, generate an experimental data base for code validation; (3) Using experimental data base, validate computations; (4) Provide industry with design guidance and insight into flow phenomena from experiments and computations; and (5) Investigate aero devices (e.g., base flaps, tractor-trailer gap stabilizer, underbody skirts and wedges, blowing and acoustic devices), provide industry with conceptual designs of drag reducing devices, and demonstrate the full-scale fuel economy potential of these devices.
Download or read book Aerodynamic Drag Mechanisms of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehicles written by Gino Sovran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings contain the papers and oral discussions presented at the Symposium on AERODYNAMIC DRAG MECHANISMS of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehides held at the General Motors Research Laboratories in Warren, Michigan, on September 27 and 28, 1976. This international, invitational Symposium was the twentieth in an annual series, each one having been in a different technical discipline. The Symposia provide a forum for areas of science and technology that are of timely interest to the Research Laboratories as weIl as the technical community at large, and in which personnel of the Laboratories are actively involved. The Symposia furnish an opportunity for the exchange of ideas and current knowledge between participating research specialists from educational, industrial arid governmental institutions and serve to stimulate future research activity. The present world-wide energy situation makes it highly desirable to reduce the force required to move road vehicles through the atmosphere. A significant amount of the total energy consumed for transportation is expended in overcoming the aerodynamic resistance to motion of these vehicles. Reductions in this aerodynamic drag can therefore have a large impact on ground transportation energy requirements. Although aerodynamic development work on road vehides has been performed for many years, it has not been widely reported or accompanied by much basic research.
Download or read book A Qualitative Experimental Study of Drag Reduction Devices for Tractor Trailers with Ground Effects written by Nicolas Robert Reed and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an experimental qualitative study of how drag reduction devices affect air flow around a tractor trailer. A 1/32 scale detail model of a truck with its trailer was used for testing in a 20"x14" low speed wind tunnel at the University of Tennessee Space Institute. Major modifications were made to the wind tunnel so that it would include a moving bed (floor) section for ground effect simulation. This was done to accurately simulate relative ground movement with the truck being held stationary in the tunnel flow. Drag reduction devices were designed based on aerodynamic fundamental understanding for streamlining the various zones of the truck readily available for flow path modifications or flow management around the truck. The drag reduction devices were fabricated using a desktop 3D printer. Flow visualization was performed using sewing (twisted) string as tufts to validate if there were any flow improvement effectiveness as a result the flow management devices. A total of 102 tests were performed. This was done using 24 unique drag reduction devices, which were tested in 28 different configurations. Wind tunnel speed was in the range of 55 to 70 PMH at a corresponding tunnel unit Reynolds number of 5.6*10^5 to 7.12*10^5. Observations show that each device affects the flow, locally, and that an overall change in aerodynamic efficiency (drag reduction) can be achieved by the addition of a number of these devices. Test results from this investigation showed that the addition of drag reduction devices did change flow paths under the tractor trailer and did provide methods for managing flow under the trailer. A possible novel method for addressing the wake zone behind the tractor trailer, by addition of drag reduction devices installed under the trailer, was also investigated. Quantitative measurements are needed to determine the overall and individual contributions, and to select the best configuration of a number of configurations for maximum level of drag reduction.
Download or read book A Reassessment of Heavy Duty Truck Aerodynamic Design Features and Priorities written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-27 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1973 and 1982, the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center conducted "coast-down" tests demonstrating means for reducing the drag of trucks, buses, and motor homes. Numerous configurations were evaluated using a box-shaped test van, a two-axle truck, and a tractor-semitrailer combination. Results from three configurations of the test van are of interest now in view of a trucking industry goal of a 0.25 drag coefficient for tractor-semitrailer combinations. Two test van configurations with blunt-base geometry, similar to present day trucks (one configuration has square front comers and the other has rounded front comers), quantify the base drag increase associated with reduced forebody drag. Hoemer's equations predict this trend; however, test van results, reinforced by large-scale air vehicle data, indicate that Hoemer's formula greatly underestimates this dependence of base drag on forebody efficiency. The demonstrated increase in base drag associated with forebody refinement indicates that the goal of a 0.25 drag coefficient will not be achieved without also reducing afterbody drag. A third configuration of the test van had a truncated boattail to reduce afterbody drag and achieved a drag coefficient of 0.242. These results are included here and references are identified for other means of reducing afterbody drag.Saltzman, Edwin J. and Meyer, Robert R., Jr.Armstrong Flight Research CenterAERODYNAMIC DRAG; RESEARCH; EXPERIMENTATION; DRAG REDUCTION; TRUCKS; TRACTORS; AERODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS; BASE FLOW; FOREBODIES; INDUSTRIES; PRIORITIES; SHAFTS (MACHINE ELEMENTS)...
Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Jiyuan Tu and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to CFD fundamentals and using commercial CFD software to solve engineering problems, designed for the wide variety of engineering students new to CFD, and for practicing engineers learning CFD for the first time. Combining an appropriate level of mathematical background, worked examples, computer screen shots, and step by step processes, this book walks the reader through modeling and computing, as well as interpreting CFD results. The first book in the field aimed at CFD users rather than developers. New to this edition: A more comprehensive coverage of CFD techniques including discretisation via finite element and spectral element as well as finite difference and finite volume methods and multigrid method. Coverage of different approaches to CFD grid generation in order to closely match how CFD meshing is being used in industry. Additional coverage of high-pressure fluid dynamics and meshless approach to provide a broader overview of the application areas where CFD can be used. 20% new content .
