Download or read book Hardware and Information Security Primitives Based on Two dimensional Materials and Device Phenomena written by Akshay Wali and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The explosive growth of computing platforms such as the Internet of Things (IoT) which is an amalgamation of highly complex, heterogeneous and interconnected hardware components has bridged the gap between the physical and the digital world. However, integrating such large number of devices involving humungous amounts of data has raised new system security concerns. Additionally, with an increasing globalization of semiconductor supply chain ecosystem ranging from gathering raw materials to manufacturing and testing, these electronic devices have become more vulnerable to external threats such as reverse engineering (RE), trojan insertion and side channel attacks due to the involvement of untrustworthy parties. Therefore, hardware security is becoming increasingly important for nearly all IoT platforms. While silicon-based complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) hardware security solutions have been demonstrated in the past, there is still room for improvement particularly in terms of area overheads and energy consumption. Therefore, interest in exploring out-of-the-box security solutions involving novel materials and device properties has grown tremendously. In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been intensely explored to mitigate these security challenges. This thesis demonstrates and discusses several innovative and area efficient hardware security primitives developed using unique properties of 2D-materials and their associated device phenomena. The thesis particularly focuses on implementing security primitives such as hardware camouflaging and true random number generators (TRNGs). In addition, the thesis provides an invaluable insight into the vulnerabilities of in-memory computing technology which can be manipulated to deliberate insert hardware trojan with a chip resulting in its severe malfunction. Finally, moving away from the hardware demonstrations, a new type of physically unclonable function (PUF) which exploits the spatiotemporal randomness found within the population of biological specimens such as T-cells is also presented. In the end, we address the constraints of this thesis at the current stage while presenting their mitigation strategies and offering futuristic perspective for enabling better and efficient hardware security primitives.

Download or read book Novel Materials and Devices for Sensing and Security Applications written by Akhil Dodda and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital information is experiencing unprecedented and superexponential growth across every sector of modern society including defense, automation, communication, computation, agriculture, healthcare, and infrastructure. This information revolution led to the emergence of a new technological landscape called the Internet of Things (IoT) where the information generated from the devices is collected and transmitted among other devices, to interpret the acquired information and take necessary actions without any human intervention. Slowly building momentum for over a decade, IoT devices are influencing every aspect of our day-to-day lives and transforming the future into a data-centric world. However, with the increasing demand for edge devices, there is an escalating threat of tampering or physical intrusion of privacy by untrustworthy parties and also making these devices extremely energy inefficient due to the von-Neumann bottleneck. This dissertation focuses on developing low-power sensing and security solutions based on two-dimensional materials for next-generation IoT edge devices. Stochastic resonance (SR) in sensory neurobiology proves the constructive role of noise in information processing contrary to the conventional wisdom that noise is a nuisance. In SR, a sensory system embedded in a noisy environment can detect weak time-variant signals, when the noise intensity reaches some finite and appropriate level. By exploiting SR in MoS2 transistors, it is found that the weak electrical and optical signals, which are otherwise undetectable, are amplified and detected. In particular, electrical/optical signals below the detection threshold were detected in the presence of the right amount of random Gaussian noise disproving the popular belief that noise is detrimental to signal detection. Additionally, it was found that the energy consumed by the Si photodiode for detecting subthreshold optical signal, exploiting SR was ~1000x higher compared to that of the MoS2 photodetector. Population Coding (PC) is another neurobiological phenomenon where a group of neurons collectively detects a subthreshold signal by generating each random output in response to the same stimulus. An array of MoS2 transistors each with its own random Gaussian noise source was used to accomplish the same principle and demonstrated the reduction in detection latency or early signal detection. Machine vision is another important factor for photodetectors used in IoT applications. Machine vision systems consist of a set of integrated components, which are designed to use information extracted from digital images sensed by the photodetector; to automatically guide the production and manufacturing operations. Numerous studies have investigated to improve the performance of photodetectors. However, these studies typically rely on the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors and von-Neumann architectures consuming significantly high amounts of energy. Deriving inspiration from the biological visual system and exploiting the gate-tunable persistent photoconductivity coupled with non-volatile programmable memory in the MoS2 photodetector, it was found that the MoS2 photodetectors can directly learn, relearn, and forget the information without any human intervention. Additionally, the amount of energy consumed was observed to be a few pico Joules/pixel demonstrating the efficacy of the MoS2-based photodetectors. With the emergence of the IoT and its critical role in our day-to-day lives, the risk of information loss or security threats has become a raging concern more than ever before. Although conventional software crypto modules are powerful, they consume an enormous amount of energy in ciphering the information, necessitating the need for novel hardware cryptographic primitives. While hardware-based cryptographic modules exist, with the aging silicon technology and von Neumann bottleneck, innovation in materials, devices, and architectures is required in designing next-generation secure electronics. A low-power, bio-inspired, fully integrated cryptographic platform was developed to secure the information at the sensor node. The cryptographic platform sense the information from the external world using a MoS2 photodetector, adds noise to the information using a voltage divider and encodes the information using the MoS2 transistor integrating all the essential components required for the IoT devices. Additionally, it is found that the encoded information is resilient to machine learning attacks and requires a significantly high number of brute-force trials (BFTs). Physically Unclonable functions (PUFs) are another important security primitive used to authenticate the information. By exploiting the intrinsic variations in the carrier transport of graphene, graphene-based PUF was developed and tested to be resilient against advanced machine learning attacks such as generative adversarial networks and regression models. It was also found that the PUFs were reliable to the supply voltage fluctuations, temperature fluctuations, and temporal fluctuations. Additionally, by exploiting the memristive behavior in graphene, graphene-based PUFs can be reconfigurable and be used even after an adversary attack.

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1961-05 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Download or read book Introduction to Hardware Security and Trust written by Mohammad Tehranipoor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the foundations for understanding hardware security and trust, which have become major concerns for national security over the past decade. Coverage includes security and trust issues in all types of electronic devices and systems such as ASICs, COTS, FPGAs, microprocessors/DSPs, and embedded systems. This serves as an invaluable reference to the state-of-the-art research that is of critical significance to the security of, and trust in, modern society’s microelectronic-supported infrastructures.

Download or read book 2D Monoelemental Materials Xenes and Related Technologies written by Zongyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monoelemental 2D materials called Xenes have a graphene-like structure, intra-layer covalent bond, and weak van der Waals forces between layers. Materials composed of different groups of elements have different structures and rich properties, making Xenes materials a potential candidate for the next generation of 2D materials. 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies: Beyond Graphene describes the structure, properties, and applications of Xenes by classification and section. The first section covers the structure and classification of single-element 2D materials, according to the different main groups of monoelemental materials of different components and includes the properties and applications with detailed description. The second section discusses the structure, properties, and applications of advanced 2D Xenes materials, which are composed of heterogeneous structures, produced by defects, and regulated by the field. Features include: Systematically detailed single element materials according to the main groups of the constituent elements Classification of the most effective and widely studied 2D Xenes materials Expounding upon changes in properties and improvements in applications by different regulation mechanisms Discussion of the significance of 2D single-element materials where structural characteristics are closely combined with different preparation methods and the relevant theoretical properties complement each other with practical applications Aimed at researchers and advanced students in materials science and engineering, this book offers a broad view of current knowledge in the emerging and promising field of 2D monoelemental materials.

Download or read book Hardware Security and Trust written by Nicolas Sklavos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-11 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to hardware security, from specification to implementation. Applications discussed include embedded systems ranging from small RFID tags to satellites orbiting the earth. The authors describe a design and synthesis flow, which will transform a given circuit into a secure design incorporating counter-measures against fault attacks. In order to address the conflict between testability and security, the authors describe innovative design-for-testability (DFT) computer-aided design (CAD) tools that support security challenges, engineered for compliance with existing, commercial tools. Secure protocols are discussed, which protect access to necessary test infrastructures and enable the design of secure access controllers.

Download or read book Demystifying Internet of Things Security written by Sunil Cheruvu and published by Apress. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Break down the misconceptions of the Internet of Things by examining the different security building blocks available in Intel Architecture (IA) based IoT platforms. This open access book reviews the threat pyramid, secure boot, chain of trust, and the SW stack leading up to defense-in-depth. The IoT presents unique challenges in implementing security and Intel has both CPU and Isolated Security Engine capabilities to simplify it. This book explores the challenges to secure these devices to make them immune to different threats originating from within and outside the network. The requirements and robustness rules to protect the assets vary greatly and there is no single blanket solution approach to implement security. Demystifying Internet of Things Security provides clarity to industry professionals and provides and overview of different security solutions What You'll Learn Secure devices, immunizing them against different threats originating from inside and outside the networkGather an overview of the different security building blocks available in Intel Architecture (IA) based IoT platformsUnderstand the threat pyramid, secure boot, chain of trust, and the software stack leading up to defense-in-depth Who This Book Is For Strategists, developers, architects, and managers in the embedded and Internet of Things (IoT) space trying to understand and implement the security in the IoT devices/platforms.

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1955-04 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Download or read book Applications of Emerging Memory Technology written by Manan Suri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to bring under one roof research work of leading groups from across the globe working on advanced applications of emerging memory technology nanodevices. The applications dealt in the text will be beyond conventional storage application of semiconductor memory devices. The text will deal with material and device physical principles that give rise to interesting characteristics and phenomena in the emerging memory device that can be exploited for a wide variety of applications. Applications covered will include system-centric cases such as – caches, NVSRAM, NVTCAM, Hybrid CMOS-RRAM circuits for: Machine Learning, In-Memory Computing, Hardware Security - RNG/PUF, Biosensing and other misc beyond storage applications. The book is envisioned for multi-purpose use as a textbook in advanced UG/PG courses and a research text for scientists working in the domain.

Download or read book More Than Screen Deep written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-10-12 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The national information infrastructure (NII) holds the promise of connecting people of all ages and descriptionsâ€"bringing them opportunities to interact with businesses, government agencies, entertainment sources, and social networks. Whether the NII fulfills this promise for everyone depends largely on interfacesâ€"technologies by which people communicate with the computing systems of the NII. More Than Screen Deep addresses how to ensure NII access for every citizen, regardless of age, physical ability, race/ethnicity, education, ability, cognitive style, or economic level. This thoughtful document explores current issues and prioritizes research directions in creating interface technologies that accommodate every citizen's needs. The committee provides an overview of NII users, tasks, and environments and identifies the desired characteristics in every-citizen interfaces, from power and efficiency to an element of fun. The book explores: Technological advances that allow a person to communicate with a computer system. Methods for designing, evaluating, and improving interfaces to increase their ultimate utility to all people. Theories of communication and collaboration as they affect person-computer interactions and person-person interactions through the NII. Development of agents: intelligent computer systems that "understand" the user's needs and find the solutions. Offering data, examples, and expert commentary, More Than Screen Deep charts a path toward enabling the broadest-possible spectrum of citizens to interact easily and effectively with the NII. This volume will be important to policymakers, information system designers and engineers, human factors professionals, and advocates for special populations.

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1970-06 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Download or read book Security in Computer and Information Sciences written by Erol Gelenbe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the First International ISCIS Security Workshop 2018, Euro-CYBERSEC 2018, held in London, UK, in February 2018. The 12 full papers presented together with an overview paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. Security of distributed interconnected systems, software systems, and the Internet of Things has become a crucial aspect of the performance of computer systems. The papers deal with these issues, with a specific focus on societally critical systems such as health informatics systems, the Internet of Things, energy systems, digital cities, digital economy, mobile networks, and the underlying physical and network infrastructures.

Download or read book Cybersecurity written by C. P. Gupta and published by Mercury Learning and Information. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to provide the reader with the fundamental concepts of cybersecurity and cybercrime in an easy to understand, “self-teaching” format. It introduces all of the major subjects related to cybersecurity, including data security, threats and viruses, malicious software, firewalls and VPNs, security architecture and design, security policies, cyberlaw, cloud security, and more. Features: Provides an overview of cybersecurity and cybercrime subjects in an easy to understand, “self-teaching” format Covers security related to emerging technologies such as cloud security, IoT, AES, and grid challenges Includes discussion of information systems, cryptography, data and network security, threats and viruses, electronic payment systems, malicious software, firewalls and VPNs, security architecture and design, security policies, cyberlaw, and more.

Download or read book Japanese Technical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Junctionless Field Effect Transistors written by Shubham Sahay and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive one-volume reference on current JLFET methods, techniques, and research Advancements in transistor technology have driven the modern smart-device revolution—many cell phones, watches, home appliances, and numerous other devices of everyday usage now surpass the performance of the room-filling supercomputers of the past. Electronic devices are continuing to become more mobile, powerful, and versatile in this era of internet-of-things (IoT) due in large part to the scaling of metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Incessant scaling of the conventional MOSFETs to cater to consumer needs without incurring performance degradation requires costly and complex fabrication process owing to the presence of metallurgical junctions. Unlike conventional MOSFETs, junctionless field-effect transistors (JLFETs) contain no metallurgical junctions, so they are simpler to process and less costly to manufacture.JLFETs utilize a gated semiconductor film to control its resistance and the current flowing through it. Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors: Design, Modeling, and Simulation is an inclusive, one-stop referenceon the study and research on JLFETs This timely book covers the fundamental physics underlying JLFET operation, emerging architectures, modeling and simulation methods, comparative analyses of JLFET performance metrics, and several other interesting facts related to JLFETs. A calibrated simulation framework, including guidance on SentaurusTCAD software, enables researchers to investigate JLFETs, develop new architectures, and improve performance. This valuable resource: Addresses the design and architecture challenges faced by JLFET as a replacement for MOSFET Examines various approaches for analytical and compact modeling of JLFETs in circuit design and simulation Explains how to use Technology Computer-Aided Design software (TCAD) to produce numerical simulations of JLFETs Suggests research directions and potential applications of JLFETs Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors: Design, Modeling, and Simulation is an essential resource for CMOS device design researchers and advanced students in the field of physics and semiconductor devices.

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1972-10 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Download or read book IoT Security written by Madhusanka Liyanage and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-24 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date guide to an overview of authentication in the Internet of Things (IoT) The Internet of things (IoT) is the network of the countless physical devices that have the possibility to connect and exchange data. Among the various security requirements, authentication to the IoT is the first step to prevent the impact of attackers. IoT Security offers an important guide into the development of the many authentication mechanisms that provide IoT authentication at various levels such as user level, device level and network level. The book covers a wide range of topics including an overview of IoT and addresses in detail the security challenges at every layer by considering both the technologies and the architecture used. The authors—noted experts on the topic—provide solutions for remediation of compromised security, as well as methods for risk mitigation, and offer suggestions for prevention and improvement. In addition, IoT Security offers a variety of illustrative use cases. This important book: Offers an authoritative reference designed for use by all IoT stakeholders Includes information for securing devices at the user, device, and network levels Contains a classification of existing vulnerabilities Written by an international group of experts on the topic Provides a guide to the most current information available on IoT security Written for network operators, cloud operators, IoT device manufacturers, IoT device users, wireless users, IoT standardization organizations, and security solution developers, IoT Security is an essential guide that contains information on security features, including underlying networks, architectures, and security requirements.