Download or read book Hard Budgets Soft States written by John Eatwell and published by Institute for Public Policy Research. This book was released on 2000 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shows that the welfare state makes a fundamental contribution to economic efficiency and should be an important component of a policy for a successful transition.
Download or read book The Soft Budget Constraint The Emergence Persistence and Logic of an Institution written by Gun Eriksson Skoog and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a story of the soft budget constraint. It seeks an answer to a paradox: the prevalence of the soft budget constraint in spite of the tremendous inefficiencies that it gives rise to, and its persistence in spite of reform of the system of which it is an integral part. The story aims at increasing our understanding of why the phenomenon exists. By studying the case of state in Tanzania before, during and after socialism, an explanation of the owned enterprises emergence, persistence and logic of the soft budget constraint is suggested. This introductory chapter presents an argument showing why this story is worth telling. It discusses the research topic and how the problem it presents is attacked. THE SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINT The soft budget constraint is today a popular metaphor. Originally it was seen as a characteristic of the socialist system. It refers to the tendency of primarily state-owned enterprises to have their liquidity gaps or losses accommodated by the state, or some other external funding body, and to the resulting expectations of such bail-out. The concept was coined by the Hungarian economist Hmos Kornai. ' He distinguishes between four major forms of external financial assistance that contribute to the soft budget constraint: soft subsidies, soft taxation, soft credit and soft 2 administrative pricing.
Download or read book The Economics Book written by DK and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn about trade and global economic crises in The Economics Book. Part of the fascinating Big Ideas series, this book tackles tricky topics and themes in a simple and easy to follow format. Learn about Economics in this overview guide to the subject, great for novices looking to find out more and experts wishing to refresh their knowledge alike! The Economics Book brings a fresh and vibrant take on the topic through eye-catching graphics and diagrams to immerse yourself in. This captivating book will broaden your understanding of Economics, with: - More than 100 of the greatest ideas in economics - Packed with facts, charts, timelines and graphs to help explain core concepts - A visual approach to big subjects with striking illustrations and graphics throughout - Easy to follow text makes topics accessible for people at any level of understanding The Economics Book is a captivating introduction to historically important and emerging ideas in a field of science that often confuses newcomers, aimed at adults with an interest in the subject and students wanting to gain more of an overview. Here you’ll discover more than 100 of the greatest ideas, from the earliest experiences of trade to global economic crises, through exciting text and bold graphics. Your Economics Questions, Simply Explained This fresh new guide examines everything from the current financial climate of markets in turmoil and whole economies in melt-down. If you thought it was difficult to learn about this field of science, The Economics Book presents key information in a clear layout. From the earliest development of private property to the cutting-edge modern game theory, learn about centuries of economic thought, making clear even the most complex of concepts. The Big Ideas Series With millions of copies sold worldwide, The Economics Book is part of the award-winning Big Ideas series from DK. The series uses striking graphics along with engaging writing, making big topics easy to understand.
Download or read book The Capitalist Transformation of State Socialism written by David Lane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Lane outlines succinctly yet comprehensively the development and transformation of state socialism. While focussing on Russia and the countries of Eastern Europe, he also engages in a discussion of the Chinese path. In response to the changing social structure and external demands, he outlines different scenarios of reform. He contends that European state socialism did not collapse but was consciously dismantled. He brings out the West’s decisive support of the reform process and Gorbachev’s significant role in tipping the balance of political forces in favour of an emergent ascendant class. In the post-socialist period, he details developments in the economy and politics. He distinguishes different political and economic trajectories of countries of the former USSR, the New Member States of the European Union, and China; and he notes the attempts to promote further change through ‘coloured’ revolutions. The book provides a detailed account not only of the unequal impact of transformation on social inequality which has given rise to a privileged business and political class, but also how far the changes have fulfilled the promise of democracy promotion, wealth creation and human development. Finally, in the context of globalisation, the author considers possible future political and economic developments for Russia and China. Throughout the author, a leading expert in the field, brings to bear his deep knowledge of socialist countries, draws on his research on the former Soviet Union, and visits to nearly all the former state socialist countries, including China.
Download or read book Administrative Reform and National Economic Development written by Kuotsai Tom Liou and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-11-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000: Economic development has become one of the popular public policies in many developing and economic-transforming countries for the past few decades. Public policy makers and researchers have recognized that an effective administrative system is critical to the success of economic development and administrative reform is necessary to promote economic development. This book studies economic development policy by focusing on the relationship between administrative reform and economic development.
Download or read book Russian Currency and Finance written by Steve H. Hanke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-18 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the new Russian state struggles with the transition to a market economy, the need for radical monetary reform becomes increasingly urgent. The choice of reform is crucial, for it will largely determine Russia's future economic performance. In order to break free of the lingering effects of Soviet central planning, the new Russian state needs a stable, convertible currency. Steve H. Hanke, Lars Jonung and Kurt Schuler propose that Russia establishes a currency board which would issue a Russian currency fully convertible with international currency, backed 100 per cent by international bonds. The international community would aid in establishing the currency board by providing the initial reserves. Early supplies of this new Russian currency would be distributed free to Russian citizens. The authors give detailed explanations of how the currency board could be established and how it would work.
Download or read book Soft budget constraints pecuniary externality and the dual track system Working paper Number 261 June 2000 written by Jiahua Che and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of New Institutional Economics written by Claude Ménard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-27 with total page 875 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Institutional Economics (NIE) has skyrocketed in scope and influence over the last three decades. This first Handbook of NIE provides a unique and timely overview of recent developments and broad orientations. Contributions analyse the domain and perspectives of NIE; sections on legal institutions, political institutions, transaction cost economics, governance, contracting, institutional change, and more capture NIE's interdisciplinary nature. This Handbook will be of interest to economists, political scientists, legal scholars, management specialists, sociologists, and others wishing to learn more about this important subject and gain insight into progress made by institutionalists from other disciplines. This compendium of analyses by some of the foremost NIE specialists, including Ronald Coase, Douglass North, Elinor Ostrom, and Oliver Williamson, gives students and new researchers an introduction to the topic and offers established scholars a reference book for their research.
Download or read book The Transition to the Market Economy written by Paul G. Hare and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of articles examines the development of one of the most significant economic transformations ever undertaken covering a wide range of countries and economic sectors
Download or read book Downsizing the State written by Dag MacLeod and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning in 1983, the Mexican government implemented one of the most extensive programs of market-oriented reform in the developing world. Downsizing the State examines a key element of this reform program: the privatization of public firms. After providing a broad overview of the growth and decline of public ownership in Mexico, Dag MacLeod analyzes the process of privatization in three key industries - aviation, telecommunications, and railroads. Drawing upon interviews with government officials, business executives, and labor leaders as well data from government archives and corporate documents, MacLeod highlights the difficulties of linking market reforms to improved public welfare. Privatization failed to live up to its promise of raising living standards or decentralizing the economy. Indeed, privatization actually increased the concentration of wealth in Mexico while redirecting the economy toward foreign markets. Downsizing the State is a theoretically innovative account of how actors and institutions may construct capitalist markets so that they actually resemble the asocial ideal of neoclassical economics: facilitating exchange among actors while denying the obligations and commitments that attach to other types of social relations.
Download or read book A Dictionary of Economics written by John Black and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative dictionary covers all aspects of economics including theory, policy, and applied micro and macroeconomics on a global scale. An essential book for professional economists as well as for students and teachers of economics, business, and finance.
Download or read book Village Inc written by Flemming Christiansen and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1998-05-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this volume is to understand the forces and processes in local and rural society in China, seeing the local levels of government in rural areas (villages, townships, and towns) as important managers of people and resources and as deeply involved in business and enterprise.
Download or read book Transition and Economics written by Gérard Roland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transition from socialism to capitalism in former socialist economies has transformed the economic structure. This book provides an overview of research on the issues raised by the shift from collective to private ownership.
Download or read book International Management in China written by Jan Selmer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest challenge to international business today is how to manage business operations across cultural boundaries. This is especially true in the case of China, which has attracted a massive amount of foreign investment and international trade recently. This new study examines three main themes: * the partnership of management through joint ventures * the human resource aspects of management * the management of communication, co-operation and negotiation The crucial issue of trustworthiness, the different managerial practices in China and the West, the importance of being well prepared and understanding Chinese negotiations are the major contemporary issues identified and discussed in this book.
Download or read book Globalization Competition and Growth in China written by Jian Chen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting original work and new thinking, this book explores the current state of globalization, competition and growth in China.
Download or read book Transition written by Mario I. Bléjer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparative analysis of eleven transition economies.
Download or read book Chinese Banking Reform written by Chunxia Jiang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a wide-ranging and timely overview of the contemporary Chinese banking system. It charts the vast changes in Chinese banking from before China’s admission to the WTO in 2001 to more recent regulatory reform and developments in the shadow banking sector. The book begins with an economic history of the mono-banking system, and a critical discussion of reforms taken by the government in preparation for China’s entry to the WTO. The second part of the book discusses banking regulation and government policy during and after the global financial crisis in 2008-2009 and their impact on banking, including recent developments. Finally, the book concludes an empirical analysis of the impact of banking reforms on a number of important issues, including bank efficiency, capital structure, competition and financial stability, and risk taking behaviour, and a review of the relevance of shadow banking and internet banking.
