Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by John Orton and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a history of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) as applied to the growth of semiconductor thin films (note that it does not cover the subject of metal thin films). It begins by examining the origins of MBE, first of all looking at the nature of molecular beams and considering their application to fundamental physics, to the development of nuclear magnetic resonance and to the invention of the microwave MASER. It shows how molecular beams of silane (SiH4) were used to study the nucleation of silicon films on a silicon substrate and how such studies were extended to compound semiconductors such as GaAs. From such surface studies in ultra-high vacuum the technique developed into a method of growing high quality single crystal films of a wide range of semiconductors. Comparing this with earlier evaporation methods of deposition and with other epitaxial deposition methods such as liquid phase and vapour phase epitaxy (LPE and VPE). The text describes the development of MBE machines from the early âhome-madeâ variety to that of commercial equipment and show how MBE was gradually refined to produce high quality films with atomic dimensions. This was much aided by the use of various in-situ surface analysis techniques, such as reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and mass spectrometry, a feature unique to MBE. It looks at various modified versions of the basic MBE process, then proceed to describe their application to the growth of so-called âlow-dimensional structuresâ (LDS) based on ultra-thin heterostructure films with thickness of order a few molecular monolayers. Further chapters cover the growth of a wide range of different compounds and describe their application to fundamental physics and to the fabrication of electronic and opto-electronic devices. The authors study the historical development of all these aspects and emphasise both the (often unexpected) manner of their discovery and development and the unique features which MBE brings to the growth of extremely complex structures with monolayer accuracy.

Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Mohamed Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): From Research to Mass Production, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MBE research and applications in epitaxial growth, along with a detailed discussion and 'how to' on processing molecular or atomic beams that occur on the surface of a heated crystalline substrate in a vacuum. The techniques addressed in the book can be deployed wherever precise thin-film devices with enhanced and unique properties for computing, optics or photonics are required. It includes new semiconductor materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many that are at the advanced research stage. This second edition covers the advances made by MBE, both in research and in the mass production of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Enhancements include new chapters on MBE growth of 2D materials, Si-Ge materials, AIN and GaN materials, and hybrid ferromagnet and semiconductor structures. - Condenses the fundamental science of MBE into a modern reference, speeding up literature review - Discusses new materials, novel applications and new device structures, grounding current commercial applications with modern understanding in industry and research - Includes coverage of MBE as mass production epitaxial technology and how it enhances processing efficiency and throughput for the semiconductor industry and nanostructured semiconductor materials research community

Download or read book Synthesis Crystal Growth and Characterization written by K. Lal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis, Crystal Growth and Characterization presents the proceedings of the International School on Synthesis, Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, held on October 12-23, 1981, at the National Physical Laboratory in New Delhi, India. The book consists of lectures by distinguished scientists from around the world who tackle different aspects of synthesis, crystal growth, characterization of materials, energy conversion, and energy storage. Organized into four parts encompassing 26 chapters, the book begins with an overview of the synthesis of materials at high temperatures and pressures before turning to a discussion of how macrocrystalline and amorphous silicon is prepared. It then looks at fundamental principles underlying the process of crystal growth, both from the vapor phase and from melt, and methodically introduces the reader to the different techniques used to characterize materials, including neutron scattering and electron transport. The next chapters focus on point defects and aggregates that influence the critical electronic properties of semiconducting materials, X-ray diffraction studies of strains and stresses in thin films used in solid-state devices, and electron spectroscopic studies of solid surfaces. The book also considers the role of physics in microelectronics and vice versa, fast ion transport in solids, and the concept of Syadvada in relation to modern physics. This volume is a valuable resource for participants of the International School on Synthesis, Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, as well as active researchers working in areas related to the field.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Infrared and Terahertz Detectors Third Edition written by Antoni Rogalski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Infrared and Terahertz Detectors provides a comprehensive overview of infrared and terahertz detector technology, from fundamental science to materials and fabrication techniques. It contains a complete overhaul of the contents including several new chapters and a new section on terahertz detectors and systems. It includes a new tutorial introduction to technical aspects that are fundamental for basic understanding. The other dedicated sections focus on thermal detectors, photon detectors, and focal plane arrays.

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1988-12 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Selected Works Of Professor Herbert Kroemer written by Herbert Kroemer and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008-05-09 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information technology has changed our society radically. Just as the integrated circuits have been the prime mover for electronics, high-speed transistors and semiconductor lasers based on heterostructures are now playing the same role in modern telecommunications. Professor Kroemer's conceptual work on heterostructures began in the early 1950s as he was looking for a way to improve transistor speed and performance. In the 1960s, he applied the same principles to the development of lasers and light-emitting diodes, showing that they could achieve continuous operation at room temperature — something thought impossible at that time. His deep fundamental scientific work has had a profound effect on technology and society, transforming and improving our lives.This reprint collection brings together Professor Kroemer's most important papers, presenting a comprehensive perspective of the field. It covers topics ranging from substrate materials, electronic properties, process technology, and devices, to circuits and applications. This reprint collection will help the reader identify the key stages in the development of heterostructure devices and lasers from early research through to its integration in current manufacturing. Devoted to R&D engineers and scientists who are actively involved in extending the nano- and microelectronics roadmap mainly via heterostructure engineering, this volume may also serve as a reference for postgraduate and research students.

Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resonant Tunneling in Semiconductors written by L.L. Chang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Resonant Tunneling in Semiconductors: Physics and Applications", held at Escorial, Spain, on May 14-18, 1990. The tremendous growth in the past two decades in the field of resonant tunneling in semiconductor heterostructures has followed, if not outpaced, the expansion wit nessed in quantum structures in general. Resonant tunneling shares also the multi disciplinary nature of that broad area, with an emphasis on the underlying physics but with a coverage of material systems on the one end and device applications on the other. Indeed, that resonant tunneling provides great flexibility in terms of materials and configurations and that it is inherently a fast process with obvious device impli cations by the presence of a negative differential resistance have contributed to the unrelenting interest in this field. These proceedings consist of 49 refereed articles; they correspond to both invited and contributed talks at the workshop. Because of the intertwinning nature of the subject matter, it has been difficult to subdivide them in well-defined sections. Instead, they are arranged in several broad categories, meant to serve only as guidelines of emphasis on different topics and aspects. The book starts with an introduction to res onant tunneling by providing a perspective of the field in the first article. This is fol lowed by discussions of different material systems with various band-structure effects.

Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heteroepitaxy of Semiconductors written by John E. Ayers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-03 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past ten years, heteroepitaxy has continued to increase in importance with the explosive growth of the electronics industry and the development of a myriad of heteroepitaxial devices for solid state lighting, green energy, displays, communications, and digital computing. Our ever-growing understanding of the basic physics and chemistry underlying heteroepitaxy, especially lattice relaxation and dislocation dynamic, has enabled an ever-increasing emphasis on metamorphic devices. To reflect this focus, two all-new chapters have been included in this new edition. One chapter addresses metamorphic buffer layers, and the other covers metamorphic devices. The remaining seven chapters have been revised extensively with new material on crystal symmetry and relationships, III-nitride materials, lattice relaxation physics and models, in-situ characterization, and reciprocal space maps.

Download or read book Handbook of Optoelectronic Device Modeling and Simulation written by Joachim Piprek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: • Provides a comprehensive survey of fundamental concepts and methods for optoelectronic device modeling and simulation. • Gives a broad overview of concepts with concise explanations illustrated by real results. • Compares different levels of modeling, from simple analytical models to complex numerical models. • Discusses practical methods of model validation. • Includes an overview of numerical techniques.

Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sections 1-2. Keyword Index.--Section 3. Personal author index.--Section 4. Corporate author index.-- Section 5. Contract/grant number index, NTIS order/report number index 1-E.--Section 6. NTIS order/report number index F-Z.

Download or read book Bismuth Containing Alloys and Nanostructures written by Shumin Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on novel bismuth-containing alloys and nanostructures, covering a wide range of materials from semiconductors, topological insulators, silica optical fibers and to multiferroic materials. It provides a timely overview of bismuth alloys and nanostructures, from material synthesis and physical properties to device applications and also includes the latest research findings. Bismuth is considered to be a sustainable and environmentally friendly element, and has received increasing attention in a variety of innovative research areas in recent years. The book is intended as a reference resource and textbook for graduate students and researchers working in these fields.

Download or read book Liquid Phase Epitaxy of Electronic Optical and Optoelectronic Materials written by Peter Capper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-08-20 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid-Phase Epitaxy (LPE) is a technique used in the bulk growth of crystals, typically in semiconductor manufacturing, whereby the crystal is grown from a rich solution of the semiconductor onto a substrate in layers, each of which is formed by supersaturation or cooling. At least 50% of growth in the optoelectronics area is currently focussed on LPE. This book covers the bulk growth of semiconductors, i.e. silicon, gallium arsenide, cadmium mercury telluride, indium phosphide, indium antimonide, gallium nitride, cadmium zinc telluride, a range of wide-bandgap II-VI compounds, diamond and silicon carbide, and a wide range of oxides/fluorides (including sapphire and quartz) that are used in many industrial applications. A separate chapter is devoted to the fascinating field of growth in various forms of microgravity, an activity that is approximately 30-years old and which has revealed many interesting features, some of which have been very surprising to experimenters and theoreticians alike. Covers the most important materials within the field The contributors come from a wide variety of countries and include both academics and industrialists, to give a balanced treatment Builds-on an established series known in the community Highly pertinent to current and future developments in telecommunications and computer-processing industries.