Download or read book Government Spending Corruption and Economic Growth written by Giorgio D'Agostino and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper considers the effects of corruption and government spending on economic growth. It starts from an endogenous growth model and extends it to account for the detrimental effects of corruption on the potentially productive components of government spending, namely military and investment spending. The resulting model is estimated on a sample of African countries and the results show, first, that the growth rate is strongly influenced by the interaction between corruption and military burden, with the interaction between corruption and government investment expenditure having a weaker effect. Second, allowing for the cyclical economic fluctuations in specific countries leaves the estimated elasticities close to those of the full sample. Third, there are significant conditioning variables that need to be taken into account, namely the form of government, political instability and natural resource endowment. These illustrate the cross country heterogeneity when accounting for quantitative direct and indirect effects of key variables on economic growth. Overall, these findings suggest important policy implications"--Publisher description.
Download or read book The Effects of Corruptionon Growth Investment and Government Expenditure written by Mr.Paolo Mauro and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-09-01 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the possible causes and consequences of corruption. It provides a synthetic review of recent studies that analyze this phenomenon empirically. In addition, it presents further results on the effects of corruption on growth and investment, and new cross-country evidence on the link between corruption and the composition of government expenditure.
Download or read book Governance Corruption and Economic Performance written by Mr.Sanjeev Gupta and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-09-24 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents 18 IMF research studies on the causes and consequences of corruption, as well as how it can most effectively be combated to improve governance, increase economic growth, and reduce poverty. The authors examine how civil service wages affect corruption, the impact of natural resource availability on corruption, the impact of corruption on a country’s income distribution and incidence of poverty, and the effect of corruption on government expenditures on health and education.
Download or read book The Macroeconomics of Corruption written by Maksym Ivanyna and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook examines corruption through a macroeconomic lens, exploring the relationship between corruption, fiscal policy, and political economy. It merges macroeconomic growth models with elements of political economic theory to address important applied topics such as income inequality within and across countries, growth slowdowns, and fiscal crises. Revised and updated to include new research findings and recent policy discussions, the second edition contains 15 new sections and 2 new chapters on topics such as public defaults, the wage elasticity of work and the interest elasticity of saving, and the economic and fiscal impact of the 2020 pandemic. Most of the basic ideas are illustrated using a two-period model of government investment that captures the future cost of policies that favor the present. The more subtle and advanced issues are illustrated and, in some cases, quantified, using the overlapping-generations model of economic growth. The models used to illustrate the mechanisms of economic growth are extended to incorporate politics and the behavior of public official. The text concludes with a thorough discussion of policy reforms designed to address the issues discussed in earlier chapters. Intended for students familiar with intermediate-level economics, the second edition contains a technical appendix, expanded end-of-chapter questions and problems, and a complete solutions manual. The second edition also offers updated resources for instructors, including sample syllabi and over 550 multiple choice questions. Offering a unified explanation for the causes and consequences of government failure, fiscal crisis, and needed policy reforms, this text is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses in macroeconomics, political economy, and public policy.
Download or read book The Two Way Relationship Between Government Spending and Corruption and Its Effects on Economic Growth written by Ratbek Dzhumashev and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existing empirical evidence suggests that in low-income economies, an increase in government spending leads to a reduction of growth. This article aims to explain this empirical fact by considering a growth model that incorporates a two-way relationship between corruption and government spending. That is, government spending gives rise to corruption and rent seeking, which feeds back by distorting the structure and size of government spending. In addition, the cost of corruption depends on the wage rate. Therefore, in low-income economies, increases in government spending tend to generate larger social losses caused by a higher level of rent dissipation and a concomitant rise in corruption and government inefficiency. Consequently, in such economies, an increase in government spending is more likely to result in a decline of economic growth.
Download or read book The Effects of Corruption on Growth Investment and Government Expenditure written by Paolo Mauro and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the possible causes and consequences of corruption. It provides a synthetic review of recent studies that analyze this phenomenon empirically. In addition, it presents further results on the effects of corruption on growth and investment, and new cross-country evidence on the link between corruption and the composition of government expenditure.
Download or read book Why Worry About Corruption written by Paolo Mauro and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-02-24 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pamphlet focuses exclusively on corrupt public practices. It liststhe potential causes and consequences of public corruption and presentsrecent evidence on the extent to which corruption affects investment,economic growth, and government expenditure choices. The evidence presented here suggests that corruption may have considerable adverseeffects on economic growth by reducing private investment and perhaps byworsening the composition of public expenditure.
Download or read book Corruption and Economic Growth written by B. K. Chaturvedi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the concept of corruption, its ethical interface, and its measurement. It looks at economies of about 150 countries in different income groups and using cross-country regression analysis estimates how corruption impacts their economic growth. In the light of experience of some major global economies, it suggests a strategy for meeting the challenge of political and petty corruption. It identifies the drag effect of low incomes on the ability of countries to lower corruption and focuses on the centrality of growth for reducing corruption. The study brings out the criticality of systemic reforms, especially of institutions, participation of community, and education. It strongly emphasizes the need for laws covering corruption in both the government and private companies and a fair and independent investigating agency with quick trials of corrupt public servants. The book gives a brief history of corruption in India, efforts made in recent years, and the much-hyped Lokpal act with changes required in the current law to address corruption.
Download or read book Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Poverty written by Mr.Sanjeev Gupta and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-05-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper demonstrates that high and rising corruption increases income inequality and poverty by reducing economic growth, the progressivity of the tax system, the level and effectiveness of social spending, and the formation of human capital, and by perpetuating an unequal distribution of asset ownership and unequal access to education. These findings hold for countries with different growth experiences, at different stages of development, and using various indices of corruption. An important implication of these results is that policies that reduce corruption will also lower income inequality and poverty.
Download or read book Policy Strategic Methods Solve Economic written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 3Educational development policyHow does every country government teach its citizen to do social moral honest behavior which can brings economic growth? How honesty is influenced to economic positive relationship. The dishonesty behaviour includes: e.g. corruption is as an illegal payment to a public agent to obtain a benefit that may or may not be deserved, or the abuse of public office for private gains to consume, corruption probably amounts are to a large share of the gross national product in any countries. So, corruption worries policy makers and international organizations, who remains the adverse effects of corruption. However, in the macroeconomic view, the academic literature is less definite about how bribes minimize the waiting costs associated with queuing in a equilibrium. Both of those waiting cost associated with queuing and inefficiency models equate bribes as allocating the true worth of the licenses or permit to the most worthy bidder in public sector. Forbidding bribes that amounts to prohibiting the use of price mechanism in the public sector. In terms of economic growth, the only thing worse than a society over centralized, dishonest bureaucracy is over-centralized. So, the quality of government institutions, including the degree of corruption, affects investment and growth as much as other political economy variable. e.g. political freedom, civil liberties and political violence. Another example, some firms that pay more bribes also spend more time with bureaucrats in more corrupt countries and have a higher cost of capital, thus countering the view of corruption. Some countries are likely fairer and regulation is less. How does corruption affect income inequality? In addition, capital market imperfection and government spending have been suggested as two channels for corruption to affect inequality and economic growth. Finally, to what extent can corruption explain the differences in inequality and economic growth? So, it seems corruption is associated with a smaller increase in income inequality and a larger drop in growth rates. Also, corruption raises income inequality to a lesser extent in countries to achieve higher government spending. So, it seems corruption dishonest behaviour has close relationship to influence any countries' GDP economic growth.Corruption is understood as sale of government property for private gain. However, most economists view corruption as a major obstacle to development. It is seen as one of the causes of low income and is believed to play a critical role in poverty. Perhaps the most quoted example of this is speed money paid by business people to government officials to speed up bureaucraties procedures. At the macro level, there is evidence that corruption affects adversely many of the proxy causes of economic growth. e.g. investment in manufactured and human capital. Moreover, high levels of corruption tend to with a lack of political accountability and disrespect for property rights factors which themselves tend to be obstacles to economic growth.
Download or read book Roads to Nowhere written by Vito Tanzi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-03-31 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In some countries, corrupt politicians appear to choose investment projects based on the opportunity for bribes and kickbacks these projectspresent. This paper contends that such corruption increases the numberof capital projects undertaken and trends to enlarge their size andcomplexity. The result is that, paradoxically, some public investmentcan end up reducing a country's growth.
Download or read book Government Expenditure and Economic Growth written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1989-05-15 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the empirical evidence on the contribution that government and, in particular, capital expenditure make to the growth performance of a sample of developing countries. Using the Denison growth accounting approach, this study finds that social expenditures may have a significant impact on growth in the short run, but infrastructure expenditures may have little influence. While current expenditures for directly productive purposes may exert a positive influence, capital expenditure in these sectors appears to exert a negative influence. Experiments with other explanatory variables confirm the importance of the growth of exports to the overall growth rate.
Download or read book Corruption Public Investment and Growth written by Mr.Hamid Reza Davoodi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-10-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corruption, particularly political or “grand” corruption, distorts the entire decision-making process connected with public investment projects. The degree of distortions is higher with weaker auditing institutions. The evidence presented shows that higher corruption is associated with (i) higher public investment; (ii) lower government revenues; (iii) lower expenditures on operations and maintenance; and (iv) lower quality of public infrastructure. The evidence also shows that corruption increases public investment while reducing its productivity. These are five channels through which corruption lowers growth. An implication is that economists should be more restrained in their praise of high public sector investment, especially in countries with high corruption.
Download or read book Corruption and Economic Growth written by Brave Edaghese and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the causal relationship between economic growth and corruption in a developing country such as Nigeria. The granger causality method was also applied to measure the causal relationship that exists between corruption and the gross domestic product (GDP). This study used the ordinary least squares (OLS) to determine the relationship between corruption and economic growth.The results revealed that corruption impairs and impacts economic growth. Foreign direct investment was found to enhance economic growth, government expenditure was also found to increase economic growth. It is on this basis, we draw our conclusion and suggest that private anti-corruption Initiatives, public anti-corruption initiatives, and public education campaign/programmes should be strengthened and motivated in to address the cause of corruption rather than its effects.
Download or read book Unproductive Public Expenditures written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public expenditure policy, together with efforts to raise revenue,is at the core of efficient and equitable adjustment. Public expenditureproductivity has critical implications for fiscal adjustment, particularly as the competition for limited public resources intensifies.By providing a framework for defining and analyzing public expenditureproductivity and unproductive expenditures, this pamphlet discusseshow economic policymakers may approach these issues.
Download or read book The 4 Solution written by The Bush Institute and published by Crown Currency. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword by President George W. Bush With contributions from world renowned economists and Nobel prizewinners, The 4% Solution is a blueprint for restoring America’s economic health The United States is reaching a pivotal point in its economic history. Millions of Americans owe more on their homes than they are worth, long-term unemployment is alarmingly high, and the Congressional Budget Office is projecting a sustainable growth rate of only 2.3%—a full percentage point below the average for the past sixty years. Unless a turnaround comes quickly, the United States could be mired in debt for years to come and millions of Americans will be pushed to the sidelines of the economy. The 4% Solution offers clear and unflinching ideas on how to revive America’s economy. It sets a positive economic goal and asks some of the top economic minds on how to achieve it. With a focus on removing government constraints, The 4% Solution defines the policies that will allow Americans to save, invest, and create the jobs that the United States needs. The 4% Solution draws on the best minds in the business, including five Nobel laureates: · Robert E. Lucas, Jr., on the history and future of economic growth · Gary S. Becker on why we need immigrants in order to grow · Edward Prescott on the cost (to growth) of the welfare state · Vernon Smith on why housing leads us into and out of recessions · Myron Scholes on why we need to innovate in order to grow the economy
Download or read book The Persistence of Corruption and Slow Economic Growth written by Paolo Mauro and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-11 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing recognition that corruption has substantial, adverse effects on economic growth. But if the costs of corruption are so high, why don’t countries strive to improve their institutions and root out corruption? Why do many countries appear to be stuck in a vicious circle of widespread corruption and low economic growth, often accompanied by ever-changing governments through revolutions and coups? A possible explanation is that when corruption is widespread, individuals do not have incentives to fight it even if everybody would be better off without it. Two models involving strategic complementarities and multiple equilibria attempt to illustrate this formally.
