Download or read book Gold Coins of Europe Since 1800 written by Hans Schlumberger and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Money in the Dutch Republic written by Sebastian Felten and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dutch Republic was an important hub in the early modern world-economy, a place where hundreds of monies were used alongside each other. Sebastian Felten explores regional, European and global circuits of exchange by analysing everyday practices in Dutch cities and villages in the period 1600-1850. He reveals how for peasants and craftsmen, stewards and churchmen, merchants and metallurgists, money was an everyday social technology that helped them to carve out a livelihood. With vivid examples of accounting and assaying practices, Felten offers a key to understanding the internal logic of early modern money. This book uses new archival evidence and an approach informed by the history of technology to show how plural currencies gave early modern users considerable agency. It explores how the move to uniform national currency limited this agency in the nineteenth century and thus helps us make sense of the new plurality of payments systems today.
Download or read book Destabilizing the Global Monetary System Germany s Adoption of the Gold Standard in the Early 1870s written by Mr.Johannes Wiegand and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1871-73, newly unified Germany adopted the gold standard, replacing the silver-based currencies that had been prevalent in most German states until then. The reform sparked a series of steps in other countries that ultimately ended global bimetallism, i.e., a near-universal fixed exchange rate system in which (mostly) France stabilized the exchange value between gold and silver currencies. As a result, silver currencies depreciated sharply, and severe deflation ensued in the gold block. Why did Germany switch to gold and set the train of destructive events in motion? Both a review of the contemporaneous debate and statistical evidence suggest that it acted preemptively: the Australian and Californian gold discoveries of around 1850 had greatly increased the global supply of gold. By the mid-1860s, gold threatened to crowd out silver money in France, which would have severed the link between gold and silver currencies. Without reform, Germany would thus have risked exclusion from the fixed exchange rate system that tied together the major industrial economies. Reform required French accommodation, however. Victory in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870/71 allowed Germany to force accommodation, but only until France settled the war indemnity and regained sovereignty in late 1873. In this situation, switching to gold was superior to adopting bimetallism, as it prevented France from derailing Germany’s reform ex-post.
Download or read book The Cambridge World History written by Jerry H. Bentley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The era from 1400 to 1800 saw intense biological, commercial, and cultural exchanges, and the creation of global connections on an unprecedented scale. Divided into two books, Volume 6 of the Cambridge World History series considers these critical transformations. The first book examines the material and political foundations of the era, including global considerations of the environment, disease, technology, and cities, along with regional studies of empires in the eastern and western hemispheres, crossroads areas such as the Indian Ocean, Central Asia, and the Caribbean, and sites of competition and conflict, including Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Mediterranean. The second book focuses on patterns of change, examining the expansion of Christianity and Islam, migrations, warfare, and other topics on a global scale, and offering insightful detailed analyses of the Columbian exchange, slavery, silver, trade, entrepreneurs, Asian religions, legal encounters, plantation economies, early industrialism, and the writing of history.
Download or read book The Jeweler s Apprentice written by Walter Black and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008-08-25 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yaozu Cheng, a fifteen-year-old Cantonese youth, ventures with his uncle down the Pearl River to Kowloon, where they embark on a treacherous Pacific voyage to GUM SAN, the Golden Mountain. Gold rush California has lured diverse characters from all corners of the earth, but Yaozu's new life as a miner proves grueling and unrewarding. Yaozu's luck takes a remarkable turn when he meets Lola Montez, a worldly stage performer who takes interest in his skill with Chinese calligraphy and a journal Yaozu has kept of his travels. Yaozu's journal is filled with visions of Canton, Chinese folklore, San Francisco of the 1850s, and his Sierra Nevada mining camp adventures. His chronicles are as educational as they are entertaining and picturesque. The trials and lessons of this bygone era shed a hauntingly pertinent light on the tragedies and challenges of our own contemporary lives.
Download or read book Europe s Barbarians AD 200 600 written by Edward James and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Barbarians' is the name the Romans gave to those who lived beyond the frontiers of the Roman Empire - the peoples they considered 'uncivilised'. Most of the written sources concerning the barbarians come from the Romans too, and as such, need to be treated with caution. Only archaeology allows us to see beyond Roman prejudices - and yet these records are often as difficult to interpret as historical ones. Expertly guiding the reader through such historiographical complexities, Edward James traces the history of the barbarians from the height of Roman power through to AD 600, by which time they had settled in most parts of imperial territory in Europe. His book is the first to look at all Europe's barbarians: the Picts and the Scots in the far north-west; the Franks, Goths and Slavic-speaking peoples; and relative newcomers such as the Huns and Alans from the Asiatic steppes. How did whole barbarian peoples migrate across Europe? What were their relations with the Romans? And why did they convert to Christianity? Drawing on the latest scholarly research, this book rejects easy generalisations to provide a clear, nuanced and comprehensive account of the barbarians and the tumultuous period they lived through.
Download or read book Catalog of Copyright Entries Third Series written by Library of Congress. Copyright Office and published by Copyright Office, Library of Congress. This book was released on 1972 with total page 1510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Entrepreneurs and Capitalism since Luther written by Ivan Light and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Entrepreneurs and Capitalism since Luther: Rediscovering the Moral Economy, Ivan Light and Léo-Paul Dana study the history of business, capitalism, and entrepreneurship to examine the values of social and cultural capital. Six chapters evaluate case studies that illustrate contrasting relationships between social networks, vocational culture, and entrepreneurship. Light and Dana argue that, in capitalism’s early stages, cultural capital is scarcer than social capital and therefore more crucial for business owners. Conversely, when capitalism is well established, social capital is scarcer than cultural capital and becomes more crucial. Light and Dana then trace moral legitimations of capitalism from the Reformation to the Enlightenment, the Gilded Age, and finally to Joseph Schumpeter whose concept of “creative destruction” freed elite entrepreneurs from moral restraints that encumber small business owners. After examining the availability of social and cultural capital in the contemporary United States, Light and Dana show that business owners’ social capital enforces conventional morality in markets, facilitating commerce and legitimating small businesses the old-fashioned way. As their networks become more isolated, elite entrepreneurs must claim and ultimately deliver successful results to earn public toleration of immoral or predatory conduct.
Download or read book Journal of the Royal Society of Arts written by Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of the Society of Arts written by and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 1046 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Battles for the Standard written by Ted Wilson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000. This is a history of the monetary developments in the international economy of the 19th century. It reviews the monetary developments in the core economies of the period: Britain, the United States, France, Germany, and also India. Particular attention is given to the expansion of the gold standard in the context of the intense national and international debates about the role of precious metals and the author also examines the conflict between supporters of gold, silver and bimetallism, both in terms of competing financial and economic theories and in terms of the varying social and cultural backgrounds that informed them. The main thrust of the work is that the sheer plurality of ideas and contexts helped to ensure the eventual victory of the gold standard, despite the inherent superiority of bimetallic systems.
Download or read book National Union Catalog written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American State Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1832 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American state papers written by USA and published by . This book was released on 1832 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Western Journal of Agriculture Manufactures Mechanic Arts Internal Improvement Commerce and General Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Western Journal and Civilian written by and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American State Papers written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1832 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
