Download or read book Geomorphic Effects and Habitat Impacts of Large Wood at Restoration Sites in New England written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Large wood (used interchangeably with the term 'instream wood'), which refers to trees, logs and other wood within a channel, is beneficial to river ecosystems and is being used more frequently as a component of river restoration projects. The process of large wood becoming stable within a river channel, inducing floodplain formation, and eventually providing large wood back to the system is known as the 'floodplain large-wood cycle' hypothesis (Collins et al., 2012). In a stream restoration context, this process can be viewed as an indicator of a self-sustaining cycle. The 'floodplain large-wood cycle' hypothesis was formulated in the Pacific Northwest. To investigate this process in other regions, I used the Merrimack Village Dam (MVD) study site in southern New Hampshire. The study site provided a location where instream wood was recruited to the river from an adjacent terrace as a consequence of erosion associated with dam removal. Assessment of wood in this scenario was used to evaluate the 'floodplain large-wood cycle' (Collins et al., 2012), and to compare MVD to 'passive' large wood restoration and deliberate, and potentially engineered, large wood restoration sites throughout New England. To assess multiple sites, I identified metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of large wood to promote ecological and geomorphic complexity within channels ... The study assessed habitat and geomorphic effects of large wood within river systems in the northeastern U.S. and provide information to evaluate the use of large wood during river restoration"--Abstract.
Download or read book Abundance Mobility and Geomorphic Effects of Large Wood in Urban Streams written by Garrett Blauch and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large wood plays important roles in the geomorphology and ecology of streams, with benefits for pool spacing, streambed sediment, bank erosion, habitat creation, and nutrient retention. Urbanization, and the impervious surface cover associated with it, generates stormwater runoff that is routed quickly into streams, which is often detrimental to the physical and biological health of the streams. Stormwater runoff causes higher peak flow magnitudes, flashier hydrographs, and can lead to elevated rates of incision, channel widening, and loss of channel complexity. A lack of large wood in urban streams could be a result of either loss of recruitment potential as riparian forests are replaced by other land covers or increased mobility from flashy streams flushing out large wood. Controlling for the effects of wood recruitment potential by working in reaches with forested riparian zones allows for the effects of the urban hydrograph on wood abundance to be tested. For this study, I selected 11 stream reaches flowing through protected forested riparian zones in northeast Ohio with a range of impervious surface covers. Large wood (1.0 m length, 0.1 m diameter) was catalogued with respect to size and orientation within bankfull channels. Reaches were surveyed for geomorphic features including bankfull dimensions, streambed topography, sediment size, and bank erosion to determine associations between wood abundance and geomorphology. Wood abundances decreased with increasing watershed impervious cover, with a majority of wood stored in jams. Most large wood was less than 5 m in length and had a diameter less than 20 cm. The portion of mobile pieces (gained or lost from the reach) increased with impervious surface cover, suggesting higher mobility of wood in flashier urban systems. Reach-scale trends between large wood abundance and geomorphology were not evident. Pool spacing increased linearly with jam spacing in the six reaches that had jams. Wood-associated fine sediment trapping was also documented in some reaches. While the opportunity for wood recruitment was maintained in each reach, wood abundance was still decreased at higher impervious covers. In the reaches with moderate to high impervious cover, decreased wood abundance, high wood mobility, and the relatively small size of wood pieces may indicate that large wood is not remaining in the reaches long enough to make a substantial impact on channel geomorphology. If large wood is considered in urban stream restoration, the stability of pieces, dictated by a large wood size relative to bankfull channel dimensions and anchoring in the channel, is crucial for providing the best chance for the physical and ecological benefits of wood to be realized. Efforts to protect forested riparian zones throughout the urban watersheds and decrease peak flows and stormwater runoff may also be necessary to further increase wood abundance and reduce the potential for wood mobilization.
Download or read book Geomorphic Effects of Large Wood in Streams and Rivers and Its Use in Stream Restoration written by Jochem Kail and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatise on Geomorphology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 6392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changing focus and approach of geomorphic research suggests that the time is opportune for a summary of the state of discipline. The number of peer-reviewed papers published in geomorphic journals has grown steadily for more than two decades and, more importantly, the diversity of authors with respect to geographic location and disciplinary background (geography, geology, ecology, civil engineering, computer science, geographic information science, and others) has expanded dramatically. As more good minds are drawn to geomorphology, and the breadth of the peer-reviewed literature grows, an effective summary of contemporary geomorphic knowledge becomes increasingly difficult. The fourteen volumes of this Treatise on Geomorphology will provide an important reference for users from undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic. Information on the historical development of diverse topics within geomorphology provides context for ongoing research; discussion of research strategies, equipment, and field methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations reflect the multiple approaches to understanding Earth’s surfaces; and summaries of outstanding research questions highlight future challenges and suggest productive new avenues for research. Our future ability to adapt to geomorphic changes in the critical zone very much hinges upon how well landform scientists comprehend the dynamics of Earth’s diverse surfaces. This Treatise on Geomorphology provides a useful synthesis of the state of the discipline, as well as highlighting productive research directions, that Educators and students/researchers will find useful. Geomorphology has advanced greatly in the last 10 years to become a very interdisciplinary field. Undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic will find the answers they need in this broad reference work which has been designed and written to accommodate their diverse backgrounds and levels of understanding Editor-in-Chief, Prof. J. F. Shroder of the University of Nebraska at Omaha, is past president of the QG&G section of the Geological Society of America and present Trustee of the GSA Foundation, while being well respected in the geomorphology research community and having won numerous awards in the field. A host of noted international geomorphologists have contributed state-of-the-art chapters to the work. Readers can be guaranteed that every chapter in this extensive work has been critically reviewed for consistency and accuracy by the World expert Volume Editors and by the Editor-in-Chief himself No other reference work exists in the area of Geomorphology that offers the breadth and depth of information contained in this 14-volume masterpiece. From the foundations and history of geomorphology through to geomorphological innovations and computer modelling, and the past and future states of landform science, no "stone" has been left unturned!
Download or read book Riparian Areas written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-10-10 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
Download or read book Stream Corridor Restoration written by and published by National Technical Info Svc. This book was released on 1998 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a cooperative effort among fifteen Federal agencies and partners to produce a common reference on stream corridor restoration. It responds to a growing national and international interest in restoring stream corridors.
Download or read book Methods of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment written by Riki Therivel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 733 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) is an important and often obligatory part of proposing or launching any development project. Delivering a successful ESIA needs not only an understanding of the theory but also a detailed knowledge of the methods for carrying out the processes required. Riki Therivel and Graham Wood bring together the latest advice on best practice from experienced practitioners to ensure an ESIA is carried out effectively and efficiently. This new edition: • explains how an ESIA works and how it should be carried out • demonstrates the links between socio-economic, cultural, environmental and ecological systems and assessments • incorporates the World Bank’s IFC performance standards, and best practice examples from developing as well as developed countries • includes new chapters on emerging ESIA topics such as climate change, ecosystem services, cultural impacts, resource efficiency, land acquisition and involuntary resettlement. Invaluable to undergraduate and MSc students of ESIA on planning, ecology, geography and environment courses, this internationally oriented fourth edition of Methods of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment is also of great use to planners, ESIA practitioners and professionals seeking to update their skills.
Download or read book The Web of Geological Sciences written by Marion E. Bickford and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The web of geological sciences, Special papers 500 and 523, written in celebration of the 125th anniversary of the Geological Society of America.
Download or read book River Restoration and Biodiversity written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream and Watershed Restoration written by Philip Roni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With $2 billion spent annually on stream restoration worldwide, there is a pressing need for guidance in this area, but until now, there was no comprehensive text on the subject. Filling that void, this unique text covers both new and existing information following a stepwise approach on theory, planning, implementation, and evaluation methods for the restoration of stream habitats. Comprehensively illustrated with case studies from around the world, Stream and Watershed Restoration provides a systematic approach to restoration programs suitable for graduate and upper-level undergraduate courses on stream or watershed restoration or as a reference for restoration practitioners and fisheries scientists. Part of the Advancing River Restoration and Management Series. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/roni/streamrestoration.
Download or read book Pattern and Process in a Forested Ecosystem written by F.Herbert Bormann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of ecosystem ecology has created great difficulties for ecologists primarily trained as biologists, since inevitably as the field grew, it absorbed components of other disciplines relatively foreign to most ecologists yet vital to the understanding of the structure and function of ecosystems. From the point of view of the biological ecologist struggling to understand the enormous complexity of the biological functions within an ecosystem, the added necessity of integrating biology with geochemis try, hydrology, micrometeorology, geomorphology, pedology, and applied sciences (like silviculture and land use management) often has appeared as an impossible requirement. Ecologists have frequently responded by limiting their perspective to biology with the result that the modeling of species interactions is sometimes considered as modeling ecosystems, or modeling the living fraction of the ecosystems is considered as modeling whole ecosystems. Such of course is not the case, since understanding the structure and function of ecosystems requires sound understanding of inanimate as well as animate processes and often neither can be under stood without the other. About 15 years ago, a view of ecology somewhat different from most then prevailing, coupled with a strong dose of naivete and a sense of exploration, lead us to believe that consideration of the inanimate side of ecosystem function rather than being just one more annoying complexity might provide exceptional advantages in the study of ecosystems. To examine this possibility, we took two steps which occurred more or less simultaneously.
Download or read book Resilience and Riverine Landscapes written by Martin Thoms and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-28 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilience and Riverine Landscapes presents contributed chapters from global experts in Riverine Landscapes, making it the most comprehensive reference available on the topic. The book explores why rivers are ideal landscapes to study resilience and why studying rivers from a resilience perspective is important for our biophysical understanding of these landscapes and for society. The book focuses on the biophysical character of resilience in riverine landscapes, providing an interdisciplinary perspective of the structure, function, and interactions of riverine landscapes and the ecosystems they contain. The editors conclude by proposing a research agenda for the future, emphasizing the need for transdisciplinary research across a range of spatial and temporal scales and research domains. Presents the resilience of rivers with both a theoretical and applied focus Includes case studies from a wide geographical base, allowing for a full range of viewpoints Showcases how resilience is being incorporated into the study and management of riverine landscapes Includes a transdisciplinary focus on riverine landscapes, from theory to applied, and from biophysical to social-ecological systems
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem written by Gene E. Likens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we originally published Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem in 1977, the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES) had been in existence for 14 years, and we included data through 1974, or a biogeo chemical record of 11 years. Now our continuous, long-term biogeo chemical records cover more than 31 years, and there have been many changes. The most notable change, however, is that three of our coauthors on the original volume are now deceased. They are deeply missed in so many ways. In spite of the longer records, different trends, and new insights, we believe that the basic concepts and approaches we presented in 1977 represent the most valuable contribution of the original edition. They are still valid and useful, particularly for an introductory study of, or course in, biogeochemistry. Our goal in this revision is to preserve these fea tures, correct errors, and revise or eliminate misleading or ambiguous short-term data (11 years!), while maintaining approximately the original length and the modest cost.
Download or read book Applied River Morphology written by David L. Rosgen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patterns and Processes in Forest Landscapes written by Raffaele Lafortezza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence suggests that the composition and spatial configuration – the pattern – of forest landscapes affect many ecological processes, including the movement and persistence of particular species, the susceptibility and spread of disturbances such as fires or pest outbreaks, and the redistribution of matter and nutrients. Understanding these issues is key to the successful management of complex, multifunctional forest landscapes, and landscape ecology, based on a foundation of island bio-geography and meta-population dynamic theories, provides the rationale to deal with this pattern-to-process interaction at different spatial and temporal scales. This carefully edited volume represents a stimulating addition to the international literature on landscape ecology and resource management. It provides key insights into some of the applicable landscape ecological theories that underlie forest management, with a specific focus on how forest management can benefit from landscape ecology, and how landscape ecology can be advanced by tackling challenging problems in forest (landscape) management. It also presents a series of case studies from Europe, Asia, North America, Africa and Australia exploring the issues of disturbance, diversity, management, and scale, and with a specific focus on how human intervention affects forest landscapes and, in turn, how landscapes influence humans and their culture. An important reference for advanced students and researchers in landscape ecology, conservation biology, forest ecology, natural resource management and ecology across multiple scales, the book will also appeal to researchers and practitioners in reserve design, ecological restoration, forest management, landscape planning and landscape architecture.
Download or read book Strategies for Restoring River Ecosystems written by R. C. Wissmar and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fisheries and natural resource managers and policymakers need more efficient procedures for identifying sources of variability in ecosystems (natural and managed) and assessing uncertainties of managing and making decisions for developing and implementing river restoration strategies. This book seeks to integrate perspectives on variability of physical and biological functions and concepts of uncertainty in natural and managed systems, into strategies for renewing and conserving river ecosystems. The book explores approaches to understanding and communicating the processes contributing to the variability of different types of river systems, and to assessing major sources of uncertainty in natural and managed river ecosystems.
Download or read book The Eurasian Beaver written by Róisín Campbell-Palmer and published by Pelagic Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2015-01-19 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eurasian beaver was near extinction at the start of the twentieth century, hunted across Europe for its fur, meat and castoreum. But now the beaver is on the brink of a comeback, with wild beaver populations, licensed and unlicensed, emerging all over Britain.
