Download or read book Genetic Mapping of Leaf Rust Puccinia Triticina Eriks Resistance in Durum Wheat Triticum Turgidum Var Durum L written by Xiangyu (Bruce) Pei and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. (Pt = P. recondita Rob. Ex Desmaz. F. sp. tritici), is an economically significant pathogen affecting durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum L.) crops worldwide. Genetic resistance is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly methods to control leaf rust in wheat. New sources of resistance genes need to be identified due to the threat of new Pt races to durum wheat production. Marker assisted selection (MAS) is a highly efficient method to select resistance genes in breeding programs particularly to pyramid multiple resistance genes in new varieties. The objective of this study was to characterize and map leaf rust resistance genes in a Canadian durum wheat Strongfield. A double haploid (DH) mapping population of 87 DH lines was developed from the cross Strongfield/Blackbird. Seedling rust tests with Pt isolates 12-3 MBDS, 06-1-1 TDBG, 128-1 MBRJ, 74-2 MGBJ, and 77-2 TJBJ revealed a single hypersensitive leaf rust resistance gene. Three genes segregated for resistance to isolate 1-1 BBBD at the seedling stage, one of which controlled resistance to the other five Pt isolates. Blackbird contributed one of the seedling resistance genes effective against isolate 1-1 BBBD. Parental lines and 87 DH lines were genotyped using the Illumina Infinium assay with the iSelect 90K wheat SNP array. A database search using the DNA sequences of linked markers provided a putative location in the Chinese Spring reference genome sequence. The gene conferring resistance to the six isolates used in the study mapped to the long arm of chromosome 3A and was temporarily designated as LrStr_3A. No leaf rust resistance gene has been detected in this region previously. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified eight QTL controlling leaf rust resistance in field leaf rust nurseries. One of these QTL mapped to chromosome 3AL as the same region of LrStr_3A. Another QTL mapped to the expected location of the adult plant resistance (APR) gene Lr46 based upon the marker csLV46G22. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed for LrStr_3A that will be useful for MAS.
Download or read book Characterization and Genetic Mapping of Leaf Rust Puccinia Triticina Resistance Genes Lr2a and Lr46 in Canadian Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum Germplasm written by Mallorie Lewarne and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the fungal diseases that can infect bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. is the most common and widespread. Pyramiding multiple resistance genes in a cultivar using conventional breeding techniques is often expensive and time consuming. Alternatively, marker assisted selection (MAS) allows for accelerated and accurate selection of resistance gene combinations. The objectives of this study were to characterize two leaf rust resistance genes: an adult plant resistance (APR) gene, hypothesized to be Lr46, from wheat line BW278, and a seedling resistance gene, Lr2a, from wheat cultivar Superb. To characterize the APR, two mapping populations derived from BW278 were genotyped with the iSelect 90K wheat SNP array. Both populations were evaluated for leaf rust in inoculated field nurseries for five years. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis revealed two QTL controlling resistance in the BW278/AC Foremost population, one in the region of interest, chromosome 1B and another on chromosome 5A. Two QTL were detected in Superb/BW278, on chromosomes 4B and 5B, however no QTL were detected in the region of interest on 1B. The QTL on 1B in BW278/AC Foremost, designated QLr.mrdc-1B, was tightly linked to both csLV46G22 and DK0900, two markers previously described as tightly linked to the Lr46 locus. Ten SNPs in the QLr.mrdc-1B region were selected for kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assay design. To characterize Lr2a, two mapping populations derived from Superb (Superb/BW278 & Superb/86ISMN 2137) were genotyped with the iSelect 90 K wheat SNP array, and evaluated with a single race of P. triticina under greenhouse conditions. Two-point linkage analysis between the marker data and phenotypic infection type ratings revealed that the gene mapped to chromosome 2DS in both mapping populations. The linkage maps generated for the two mapping populations had 11 SNP markers in common and displayed collinearity. Seven SNPs that either flanked or co-segregated with Lr2a in Superb/BW278 were selected for KASP assay design. Of the seven markers, kwh740 (Excalibur_c1944_1017) was polymorphic in both populations and displayed clear clusters, making it the most applicable for use in MAS.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium 24 29 August 2008 Brisbane Qld Australia written by Rudi Appels and published by Sydney University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers herein are volume 3 of the proceedings of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, held in Brisbane, Australia, in 2008. The series presents the science of the genetic sciences applied to bread and durum wheats and other species.
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Partial Resistance to Stem Rust Puccinia Graminis F Sp Tritici in Durum Wheat Triticum Turgidum Var Durum written by W. Wilken and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics of Leaf Rust Resistance in Durum Wheat written by Akhilesh Nandan Mishra and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat Rusts written by RA McIntosh and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although stem rust has been controlled by means of resistant cultivars, leaf and stripe rust continue as problems for many growing areas of the world. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes has been prepared by specialists from one of the leading international laboratories, and illustrates with colour photographs typical resistance phenotypes associated with most known genes for resistance to the three rust diseases of wheat. Relevant details for each gene include chromosome location, aspects of genetics and pathogen variation, the effects of environment on expression, origin, availability in genetic and breeding stocks, and use in agriculture. This atlas includes an introduction to host:pathogen genetics, methodologies for wheat rust research and breeding for resistance.
Download or read book Identification Characterization and Mapping of LrCen a New Leaf Rust Puccinia Triticina Resistance Gene in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum written by Marley Boyce and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. (= P. recondita Rob. Ex Desmaz. f. sp. tritici), is the most widespread disease of wheat worldwide and causes average annual yield losses of 5 to 25%. The emergence of a new predominant race of leaf rust, TDBG, in the 2004 Canadian virulence survey led to the identification of a second leaf rust resistance gene segregating in the Thatcher-Lr1 near-isogenic differential line, RL6003, which produced an unusual mesothetic infection type. This gene was subsequently isolated in a Thatcher background and temporarily designated as LrCen (Tc-LrCen). A cross was made with a susceptible parent (Tc-LrCen/ Sumai3-lr34) and a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population was generated from the hybrids. Parental lines and 180 double haploid (DH) individuals were phenotyped with race TDBG and a 1:1 ratio was observed in the DH population. Parental lines and 94 DH individuals were genotyped with the Illumina Infinium assay using a custom iSelect 90K wheat SNP array. Two-point linkage between the phenotype and polymorphic SNP markers identified linked markers. A BLAST search of linked SNP sequences was performed against the Wheat Survey Sequence providing a putative chromosomal location of 7AL. Subsequent mapping with microsatellite markers confirmed LrCen was located on the long arm of chromosome 7A flanked by gwm344 (9.5 cM) and cfa2240 (0.6 cM) as well as a group of co-segregating SNPs also at a genetic distance of 0.6 cM. When the SNP sequences were converted to the kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers they were found to be dominant, making them less useful for marker assisted selection in populations with heterozygotes. LrCen mapped distal to Lr20; the only other Lr gene previously identified on chromosome 7AL.
Download or read book Characterization of a Gene from Breeding Line WX93D180 Conferring Resistance to Leaf Rust Puccinia Triticina in Wheat written by Hsiao-Yi Hung and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell, 2n=6x=42, AABBDD) is subjected to significant yield losses by the endemic leaf rust pathogen, Puccinia triticina (Roberge ex Desmaz. F. sp. tritici). Breeding for resistance to this disease is a more appropriate option both environmentally and economically over fungicidal application. More than 57 leaf rust resistance genes in wheat have been identified and many of the resistance genes have been successfully introgressed into resistant cultivars, yet the continuous shifting of predominant races of P. triticina continues to be a challenge to breeders. Pyramiding multiple resistance genes into a single resistant cultivar is one of the preferred strategies to develop superior disease resistant cultivars. Efficient pyramiding requires the utilization of markers closely linked to the resistance genes. The objectives of this study were to characterize a novel source of resistance to leaf rust introgressed into the breeding line WX93D180-R-8-1, to determine its inheritance, map position, and linkage with molecular markers suitable for marker assisted selection. According to the pedigree of WX93D180, TX86D1310*3/TTCC417, the resistance in this breeding line should be derived from TTCC417 (Turkey tritici cereal collection), which was thought to be Triticum monococcum, which is a diploid species made up of only the A genome. However, our marker analyzes results indicated the resistance gene is located in the D genome and has the same location as the cloned leaf rust resistance gene Lr21. We verified the result in our population using primers from Lr21 and found the same segregation pattern with the phenotypic data (disease response). Therefore the pedigree is incorrect, TTCC417 was misidentified, or the resistance was not from TTCC417.
Download or read book Gene and QTL Mapping for Resistance to Leaf Rust Puccinia Triticina Pt in a Multi parent Advanced Generation Inter cross MAGIC Wheat Population written by Wenhao Li and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book QTL Mapping of Stem Rust Resistance Loci in Durum Wheat Populations written by Shitaye Homma Megerssa and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn is the most destructive disease of durum and common wheat. The main focus of this study is to identify loci associated with stem rust resistance in durum wheat using association mapping and linkage mapping. A panel of 283 lines and 224 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between 'Reichenbachii' and 'DAKIYE' developed by the durum wheat breeding program of the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) were used for the study. The panel was evaluated against races TTKSK, TKTTF, JRCQC and TTRTF at the seedling stage and TKTTF and JRCQC in the field in Ethiopia from 2018 to 2019 for two seasons. The same panel was evaluated against bulk of multiple stem rust races prevalent in Ethiopia and Kenya from 2018 to 2019 in five environments. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using 26,439 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for seedling response (280 lines) and field response (283 lines) to stem rust. The RILs along with the two parents were evaluated for response to bulk of multiple stem rust races in Ethiopia and Kenya for two seasons from 2019 to 2020. Linkage analyses were conducted using 843 SNP markers for 175 lines. For GWAS of seedling response, a mixed linear model (MLM) identified 17 quantitative trait loci (QTL) of which eight were putatively novel while FarmCPU identified 20 QTL and 12 were likely novel. For field resistance to races TKTTF and JRCQC, MLM detected 19 QTL of which 12 were likely novel while FarmCPU detected 16 QTL and seven were putatively novel. For resistance to multiple Pgt races in East Africa, 160 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) grouped into 42 QTL were identified using MLM and FarmCPU and 21 QTL were likely novel. From previously reported Sr genes, the regions of Sr7a, Sr8a, Sr8155B1, Sr11, Sr12, alleles of Sr13, Sr17, Sr22/Sr25, and Sr49 were identified. For the biparental population, composite interval mapping (CIM) identified three QTL on chromosomes 3B (QSr.cnl-3B), 4B (QSr.cnl-4B) and 7B (QSr.cnl-7B). These three QTL contributed by the resistant parent explained 4.7% to 15.3% of the phenotypic variation and all match previously reported loci. Lines with multiple-race stem rust resistance can be used as parents in durum wheat resistance breeding to stem rust and markers identified in the GWAS can be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) once validated in a different population. Further study on the validation of allele specific markers and allelism tests in the Sr13 region of chromosome 6A is needed. Future evaluation of large numbers of durum wheat lines and searching for durable adult plant resistance gene is crucial in resistance breeding of durum wheat.
Download or read book The Genetics of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Durably Resistant Wheat Cultivar Toropi written by Silvia Barcellos Rosa and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Summary Record of the 7th Meeting closed Held at Headquarters New York on Friday 26 August 2005 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Wheat Rusts written by Douglas R. Knott and published by Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag. This book was released on 1989 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Slow rusting Traits in Wheat written by Yue Lu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important fungal disease worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is an effective practice to reduce the losses caused by the disease, and using slow-rusting resistance genes can improve the durability of rust resistance in the cultivars. CI13227 is a winter wheat line that shows a high level of slow-rusting resistance to leaf rust and has been studied extensively. In this research, two recombinant inbreed line (RIL) populations derived from CI13227 x Suwon (104 RILs) and CI13227 x Everest (184 RILs) and one doubled haploid (DH) population derived from CI13227 x Lakin with 181 lines were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for slow leaf rusting resistance. Each population and its parents were evaluated for slow-rusting traits in two greenhouse experiments. A selected set of 384 simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs), single nucleotide polymorphism markers (SNPs) derived from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS-SNPs) or 90K-SNP chip (90K-SNPs) were analyzed in the three populations. Six QTLs for slow-rusting resistance, QLr.hwwgru-2DS, QLr.hwwgru-7BL, QLr.hwwgru-7AL, QLr.hwwgru-3B_1, QLr.hwwgru-3B_2, and QLr.hwwgru-1D were detected in the three populations with three stable QTLs, QLr.hwwgru-2DS, QLr.hwwgru-7BL and QLr.hwwgru-7AL. These were detected and validated by Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers converted from GBS-SNPs and 90K-SNPs in at least two populations. Another three QTLs were detected only in a single population, and either showed a minor effect or came from the susceptible parents. The KASP markers tightly linked to QLr.hwwgru-2DS (IWB34642, IWB8545 and GBS_snpj2228), QLr.hwwgru-7BL (GBS_snp1637 and IWB24039) and QLr.hwwgru-7AL (IWB73053 and IWB42182) are ready to be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) to transfer these QTLs into wheat varieties to improve slow-rusting resistance in wheat.
Download or read book Stripe Rust written by Xianming Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively introduces stripe rust disease, its development and its integral control. Covering the biology, genetics, genome, and functional genomics of the pathogen, it also discusses host and non-host resistance, their interactions and the epidemiology of the disease. It is intended for scientists, postgraduates and undergraduate studying stripe rust, plant pathology, crop breeding, crop protection and agricultural science, but is also a valuable reference book for consultants and administrators in agricultural businesses and education.
Download or read book Proceedings of FSTP3 Congress A Sustainable Durum Wheat Chain for Food Security and Healthy Lives written by Brian L. Beres and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-06-04 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Leaf Rust Susceptibility Genes in Wheat written by Joseph Fenoglio and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaf Rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is a major disease of wheat. Leaf rust has proven to be a resilient pathogen, overcoming resistance genes multiple times. Plants have factors, known as susceptibility genes, that facilitate the ability of pathogens to cause disease. Altering susceptibility genes may provide a more durable defense against infection than resistance genes but have yet to be identified for susceptibility to leaf rust in wheat. By characterizing random mutants created through chemical mutagenesis, mechanisms determining wheat susceptibility to leaf rust can be determined. The susceptible wheat variety Thatcher was mutagenized using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Surviving plants were scored for a reduction in pustule size or quantity when challenged with leaf rust. From these plants, three mutant lines (1995, 2048, and 2348) have been obtained. Mutant lines 1995 and 2048 exhibit a constitutive hypersensitive-like response (HR-like). Mutant line 2348 exhibits no evidence of a HR. Microscopic analysis of the initial 5 days of the infection process revealed the ability of P. triticina to form appressoria, early colonization, and pustule development was altered in 1995 and 2048. In 2348, P. triticina was less able to progress beyond appressoria formation and intercellular hyphae than in Thatcher. Bulked segregant RNAseq analysis of F[subscript 2:3] pools of tissue originating from a backcross to the wild type parent revealed an induction of the plant defense response in 1995 and 2048. Genotypic studies were conducted to identify regions that may contain the causative mutation. A F4 mapping population was generated by crossing each mutant line with the hard red winter wheat variety KS061705M11 and utilizing single seed descent. Association mapping identified SNPs within each population that associated with the mutant phenotype. Confidence intervals surrounding each identified SNP were created through haplotype blocking. A second genotyping method, exome capture, identified SNPs in M8 lines for each mutant. Using the confidence intervals from association mapping, the list of SNPs from exome capture was narrowed. Mutant line 1995 mapped to a 3.89Mb window on 2D, a 7Mb window on 3A, and a 4.85Mb window on 4B. Mutant line 2048 mapped to a 3.89Mb window on 3B and a 4.52Mb window on 4B. These intervals narrow the region of interest for future fine mapping studies that seek to identify the causative mutation.
