Download or read book Genetic Investigation of an Unhabituated Savanna woodland Chimpanzee Pan Troglodytes Schweinfurthii Population in Ugalla Western Tanzania written by Deborah L. Moore and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Socioecological models derive from the field of behavioral ecology, wherein social strategies are seen as adaptive responses to evolutionary and environmental forces. Chimpanzee social structure is largely explained by their dietary preference, however, little is known of chimpanzee adaptations to savanna-woodland environments. This dissertation tests the explanatory power of socioecological models on a chimpanzee population occupying the savanna-woodlands of Ugalla, Tanzania. By conducting a genetic survey across 624 km 2 , the following predictions are tested: (1) chimpanzees will occur at lower population densities than at forested sites, reflective of more diffusely distributed resources; (2) lower population densities, resulting in theoretically indefensible larger home ranges, will decrease benefits gained from male philopatry, resulting in a more continuous distribution of Y-chromosome haplotypes than is characteristic of populations studied in forested environments; and (3) genetic diversity will be lower, compared to other eastern chimpanzee populations, due to potential isolation. The population density of Ugalla is 0.25 (CI 0.16-0.38) individuals/km 2 , which is ten times less than the lowest forested site density. The Ugalla males appear to remain in their natal community, as geographic clusters of rare Y-chromosome haplotypes were found, suggesting the maintenance of male-philopatric communities. Relative genetic diversity of the Y-chromosome was exceptionally low among the males, and autosomal diversity was comparable to other eastern chimpanzee populations. These results indicate that although chimpanzees in Ugalla occur at much lower densities in response to a savanna-woodland habitat, male philopatry is maintained, suggesting this social structure is a highly conservative adaptation, and one which may have been shared with our earliest ancestors as they shifted to a similar environment.
Download or read book Assessment of Chimpanzee Pan Troglodytes and Habitat in Kwitanga Forest Western Tanzania written by Sood A. Ndimuligo and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics and Biogeography of East African Chimpanzees Pan Troglodytes Schweinfurthii written by Tony Lawrence Goldberg and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterisation of an Eastern Chimpanzee Pan Troglodytes Schweinfurthii Population in Unprotected Forest Fragments Near Lake Albert DR Congo written by Pierre Huyghe and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fragmentation, degradation and the loss of habitat are, among others, important drivers of human-induced biodiversity loss. Since half of the biodiversity can be found in tropical rainforests it is clear that the key to maintaining this biodiversity is the conservation of forests (Slingenberg et al. 2009). Primates are also severely affected by these threats since 90% of the primate species depend on forests for there survival (Mittermeier and Cheney 1987). This is also the case for the chimpanzee populations living in the DR Congo. The aim of this thesis is to characterise an unstudied population of chimpanzees living in three neighbouring forest fragments on the Lendu Plateau near Lake Albert. In recent decades the fragmentation in the area intensified. In 1985 the area consisted of a larger and small forest fragment. Nowadays the larger forest fragment is split up into two smaller fragments. In this study the tree composition of the forest was analysed. With Shannon indices (H) between 2.49 and 2.98, for the three fragments, the study area can be considered as moderately divers when considering tree species. Although the forest fragments are quite small the density of chimpanzees is quite high compared to other African forests. The density was estimated to be around 3.8 individuals per km2. This study found that night nests were more often found further away from human settlements and on higher altitudes. The data available for this thesis suggests that food trees are more likely to be used as nesting trees. In literature there is still a lot of debate and some articles suggest that other factors such as physical tree characteristics are more important for the selection of nesting trees (Stanford and OMalley 2008). This study shows that small forests can harbour threatened species and thus could be of importance for conservation.
Download or read book Eastern Chimpanzee Pan Troglodytes Schweinfurthii written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Population Genetics of West African Chimpanzees Pan Troglodytes Verus written by Pascal Gagneux and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mit dt. und franz. Zusammenfass.
Download or read book Conservation Drones written by Serge A. Wich and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to further build capacity in the conservation community to use drones for conservation and inspire others to adapt emerging technologies for conservation.
Download or read book The Chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba written by Tetsuro Matsuzawa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-06 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chimpanzees of Bossou in Guinea, West Africa, form a unique community which displays an exceptional array of tool use behaviors and behavioral adaptations to coexistence with humans. This community of Pan troglodytes verus has contributed more than three decades of data to the field of cultural primatology, especially chimpanzees’ flexible use of stones to crack open nuts and of perishable tools during foraging activities. The book highlights the special contribution of the long-term research at Bossou and more recent studies in surrounding areas, particularly in the Nimba Mountains and the forest of Diécké, to our understanding of wild chimpanzees’ tool use, cognitive development, lithic technology and culture. This compilation of research principally strives to uncover the complexity of the mind and behavioral flexibility of our closest living relatives. This work also reveals the necessity for ongoing efforts to conserve chimpanzees in the region. Chimpanzees have shed more light on our evolutionary origins than any other extant species in the world, yet their numbers in the wild are rapidly declining. In that sense, the Bossou chimpanzees and their neighbors clearly embody an invaluable cultural heritage for humanity as a whole. Readers can enjoy video clips illustrating unique behaviors of Bossou chimpanzees, in an exclusive DVD accompanying the hardcover or at a dedicated website described in the softcover.
Download or read book Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos written by Christophe Boesch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus), otherwise known as pygmy chimpanzees, are the only two species of the genus Pan. As they are our nearest relatives, there has been much research devoted to investigating the similarities and differences between them. This book offers an extensive review of the most recent observations to come from field studies on the diversity of Pan social behaviour, with contributions from many of the world's leading experts in this field. A wide range of social behaviours is discussed including tool use, hunting, reproductive strategies and conflict management as well as demographic variables and ecological constraints. In addition to interspecies behavioural diversity, this text describes exciting new research into variations between different populations of the same species. Researchers and students working in the fields of primatology, anthropology and zoology will find this a fascinating read.
Download or read book Mahale Chimpanzees written by Michio Nakamura and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-10 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major contribution to great-ape research, covering every aspect of the Mahale Mountain Chimpanzee Project to offer new, unique insights.
Download or read book Stable Carbon Isotope Values of Pan Troglodytes Hair Correspond With Mean Annual Precipitation But Not Temperature Across Western Tanzanian Chimpanzee Study Sites written by Isabel Hermsmeyer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet influences stable carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values ([delta]13C and [delta]15N values) in animal tissues; and here we explore the influences of the local ecology on those values in six separate troops of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In this study we build upon Schoeninger et al.'s 2016 paper by exploring the influence of environmental factors by comparing three separate chimpanzee sites within Gombe Park to another three separate sites in neighboring Ugalla Park. We present new [delta]13C and [delta]15N values by using hairs collected from night nests in the 90's and early 2000's from Gombe and Ugalla. We then compare these new chimpanzee [delta]13Chair and [delta]15Nhair values to local Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP), Mean Annual Temperature (MAT), and the relationship between MAP and MAT. We used these comparisons to test hypotheses based on known effects of these variables on the [delta]13C and [delta]15N values in plant tissues that may be consumed by the chimpanzees. The comparisons show that hair from chimpanzees living in sites with lower MAP have higher [delta]13Chair and [delta]15Nhair values than do chimpanzees living in sites with higher MAP. Neither [delta]13Chair or [delta]15Nhair were significantly related to MAT, however, the relationship between MAP and MAT was seen to be significant. These results suggest the potential of using [delta]13C and [delta]15N values in primate tissues to infer attributes of their local ecology in circumstances where ecology may be unknown, such as samples collected in the last few hundred years or fossil hominins.
Download or read book West African Chimpanzees written by Rebecca Kormos and published by World Conservation Union. This book was released on 2003 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wild chimpanzees are only found in tropical Africa, where their populations have declined by more than 66% in the last 30 years. This Action Plan focuses on one of the four chimpanzee subspecies, the western chimpanzee, which is one of the two subspecies most threatened with extinction. This publication presents a plan for action that represents a consensus among all parties concerned with the conservation of chimpanzees.
Download or read book Savanna Chimpanzees Pan Troglodytes Verus as a Referential Model for the Evolution of Habitual Bipedalism in Hominids written by Christine A. Tourkakis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology of African Savannahs written by Bryan Shorrocks and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-08-30 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Savannahs are tropical and subtropical grasslands with scattered bushes and trees, and comprise about 20% of the earth's land surface. This book looks at the major plants and animals that live in African savannahs, and details the biological and ecological factors that influence their population size, interactions and community composition.
Download or read book The Evolution of Primate Societies written by John C. Mitani and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-10-24 with total page 745 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1987, the University of Chicago Press published Primate Societies, the standard reference in the field of primate behavior for an entire generation of students and scientists. But in the twenty-five years since its publication, new theories and research techniques for studying the Primate order have been developed, debated, and tested, forcing scientists to revise their understanding of our closest living relatives. Intended as a sequel to Primate Societies, The Evolution of Primate Societies compiles thirty-one chapters that review the current state of knowledge regarding the behavior of nonhuman primates. Chapters are written by the leading authorities in the field and organized around four major adaptive problems primates face as they strive to grow, maintain themselves, and reproduce in the wild. The inclusion of chapters on the behavior of humans at the end of each major section represents one particularly novel aspect of the book, and it will remind readers what we can learn about ourselves through research on nonhuman primates. The final section highlights some of the innovative and cutting-edge research designed to reveal the similarities and differences between nonhuman and human primate cognition. The Evolution of Primate Societies will be every bit the landmark publication its predecessor has been.
Download or read book Budongo written by Vernon Reynolds and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Chimpanzees of the Ta Forest written by Christophe Boesch and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chimpanzees are the closest living evolutionary relatives to our own species, Homo sapiens. As such, they have long exerted a fascination over those with an interest in human evolution, and what makes humans unique. Chrisophe Boesch and Hedwige Boesch-Acherman undertook an incredible observational study of a group of wild chimpanzees of the Tai forest in Cote D'Ivoire, spending some fifteen years in the West African jungle with them. This fascinating book is the result of these years of painstaking research among the chimps. Chimpanzee behavior is documented here in all its impressive diversity and variety. Aggression, territoriality, social structure and relationships, reproductive strategies, hunting, tool use - each of these is given its own chapter, along with topics such as chimp intelligence, life histories, and demography. The authors take care to place their observations within the broader context of research in behavioral ecology, and to compare and contrast their findings with other important work on chimpanzee groups, such as that by Jane Goodall. The book concludes with a summary chapter relating the chimpanzee findings to our understanding of human evolution. Combining careful scientific observation with a store of entertaining anecdotes, this is a lively and readable book. It also succeeds in shedding light on some of the central questions around the evolutionary relationships between the primates, and in particular the affinity between chimpanzees and humans. 'This is a major contribution to the study of the great apes, and a significant addition to debates about human/ape evolution. It has all the makings of a classic monograph.
