Download or read book Genetic and Ecological Diversity written by L.M. Cook and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-04-30 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended as an introduction to population genetics, this book concentrates on animals rather than plants and encompass patterns of genetic variablity and genetic change.
Download or read book Conservation Biology in Sub Saharan Africa written by Richard Primack and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa comprehensively explores the challenges and potential solutions to key conservation issues in Sub-Saharan Africa. Easy to read, this lucid and accessible textbook includes fifteen chapters that cover a full range of conservation topics, including threats to biodiversity, environmental laws, and protected areas management, as well as related topics such as sustainability, poverty, and human-wildlife conflict. This rich resource also includes a background discussion of what conservation biology is, a wide range of theoretical approaches to the subject, and concrete examples of conservation practice in specific African contexts. Strategies are outlined to protect biodiversity whilst promoting economic development in the region. Boxes covering specific themes written by scientists who live and work throughout the region are included in each chapter, together with recommended readings and suggested discussion topics. Each chapter also includes an extensive bibliography. Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa provides the most up-to-date study in the field. It is an essential resource, available on-line without charge, for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a handy guide for professionals working to stop the rapid loss of biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere.
Download or read book Genetic Diversity and Erosion in Plants written by M.R. Ahuja and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-16 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic erosion is the loss of genetic diversity within a species. It can happen very quickly, due to catastrophic events, or changes in land use leading to habitat loss. But it can also occur more gradually and remain unnoticed for a long time. One of the main causes of genetic erosion is the replacement of local varieties by modern varieties. Other causes include environmental degradation, urbanization, and land clearing through deforestation and brush fires. In order to conserve biodiversity in plants, it is important to targets three independent levels that include ecosystems, species and genes. Genetic diversity is important to a species’ fitness, long-term viability, and ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Chapters in this book are written by leading geneticists, molecular biologists and other specialists on relevant topics on genetic erosion and conservation genetic diversity in plants. This divisible set of two volumes deals with a broad spectrum of topics on genetic erosion, and approaches to biodiversity conservation in crop plants and trees. Volume 1 deals with indicators and prevention of genetic erosion, while volume 2 covers genetic diversity and erosion in a number of plants species. These two volumes will also be useful to botanists, biotechnologists, environmentalists, policy makers, conservationists, and NGOs working to manage genetic erosion and biodiversity.
Download or read book Biotechnology and Biodiversity written by M. R. Ahuja and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to assess the potential effects of biotechnological approaches particularly genetic modification on biodiversity and the environment. All aspects of biodiversity such as ecological diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity are considered. Higher organisms contain a specific set of linear DNA molecules called chromosomes and a complete set of chromosomes in an organism comprises its genome. The collection of traits displayed by any organism (phenotype) depends on the genes present in its genome (genotype). The appearance of any specific trait also will depend on many other factors, including whether the gene(s) responsible for the trait is/are turned on (expressed) or off, the specific cells within which the genes are expressed and how the genes, their expression and the gene products interact with environmental factors. The primary biotechnology which concerns us is that of genetic manipulation, which has a direct impact on biodiversity at the genetic level. By these manipulations, novel genes or gene fragments can be introduced into organisms (creating transgenics) or existing genes within an organism can be altered. Transgenics are a major area of concern, combining genes from different species to effectively create novel organisms. Current rates of disappearance of biological and cultural diversity in the world are unprecedented. Intensive resource exploitation due to social and economic factors has led to the destruction, conversion or degradation of ecosystems. Reversing these trends requires time to time assessment to integrate conservation and development.
Download or read book Genetic Diversity written by Conner L. Mahoney and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic diversity is a level of biodiversity that refers to the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. It is distinguished from genetic variability, which describes the tendency of genetic characteristics to vary. Research has found that genetic diversity and biodiversity are dependent upon each other, that diversity within a species is necessary to maintain diversity among species, and vice versa. If any one type is removed from the system, the cycle can break down, and the community may become dominated by a single species. Thus, genetic diversity plays a huge role in survival and adaptability of a species. This book provides research on genetic diversity in plant, animal and human species. Relationships to environment changes and global warming are also studied.
Download or read book Perspectives on Biodiversity written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-01 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resource-management decisions, especially in the area of protecting and maintaining biodiversity, are usually incremental, limited in time by the ability to forecast conditions and human needs, and the result of tradeoffs between conservation and other management goals. The individual decisions may not have a major effect but can have a cumulative major effect. Perspectives on Biodiversity reviews current understanding of the value of biodiversity and the methods that are useful in assessing that value in particular circumstances. It recommends and details a list of components-including diversity of species, genetic variability within and among species, distribution of species across the ecosystem, the aesthetic satisfaction derived from diversity, and the duty to preserve and protect biodiversity. The book also recommends that more information about the role of biodiversity in sustaining natural resources be gathered and summarized in ways useful to managers. Acknowledging that decisions about biodiversity are necessarily qualitative and change over time because of the nonmarket nature of so many of the values, the committee recommends periodic reviews of management decisions.
Download or read book Ecological and Evolutionary Connections Between Genetic and Species Diversity written by Rachel Isabel Adams and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the causes and consequences of biological diversity remains the unifying goal of ecology and evolutionary. One promising avenue to understand the causes and consequences of genetic diversity within populations is to consider correlations between that genetic diversity and species diversity of the community in which it resides. Both genetic and species diversity can respond to locality characteristics, or each level can influence and be influenced by the other. First, I investigate how area connectivity and gene flow affects the population genetic diversity patterns in the California vole (Microtus californicus). I show that migration across the landscape produces an identical genetic patterns at the local and regional spatial scales in this small mammal (Chapter 1). Next, I explored two ways in which genetic and species diversity influence each other. In one approach, I examine the effects of a species-rich competitor community on the genotypic diversity of a focal community when genetic diversity allows for differential strength of competition with different species. Using computer simulations, I show that species diversity of competitors can act as an important promoter of genotypic diversity within species (Chapter 2). Next, moving to a riparian community in northern Utah, I demonstrate that the genetic diversity of a foundation tree correlates positively with the species diversity of understory plants, including forbs, grasses, and vines (Chapter 3). Finally, I show that both genetic diversity and species richness across the globe show a similar pattern: genetic markers in over 70 vertebrate species show a significant trend of higher diversity at low latitudes than at higher latitudes (Chapter 4). By taking a broad approach to understanding the causes and consequences of intraspecific genetic diversity, with a particular focus on links to species diversity patterns, my dissertation finds general principles that operate across systems. The two levels of diversity can influence each other by creating spatially-varied selection regimes, but gene flow and mutation are two processes operating on the genetic level whose power to scale up to influence species-level patterns is highly contextual.
Download or read book The GEO Handbook on Biodiversity Observation Networks written by Michele Walters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity observation systems are almost everywhere inadequate to meet local, national and international (treaty) obligations. As a result of alarmingly rapid declines in biodiversity in the modern era, there is a strong, worldwide desire to upgrade our monitoring systems, but little clarity on what is actually needed and how it can be assembled from the elements which are already present. This book intends to provide practical guidance to broadly-defined biodiversity observation networks at all scales, but predominantly the national scale and higher. This is a practical how-to book with substantial policy relevance. It will mostly be used by technical specialists with a responsibility for biodiversity monitoring to establish and refine their systems. It is written at a technical level, but one that is not discipline-bound: it should be intelligible to anyone in the broad field with a tertiary education.
Download or read book The Biology of Biodiversity written by M. Kato and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological diversity, or biodiversity, refers to the universal attribute of all living organisms that each individual being is unique - that is, no two organisms are identical. The biology of biodiversity must include all the aspects of evolutionary and ecological sciences analyzing the origin, changes, and maintenance of the di versity of living organisms. Today biodiversity, which benefits human life in vari ous ways, is threatened by the expansion of human activities. Biological research in biodiversity contributes not only to understanding biodiversity itself but also to its conservation and utilization. The Biology of Biodiversity was the specialty area of the 1998 International Prize for Biology. The International Prize for Biology was established in 1985 in commemoration of the sixty-year reign of the Emperor Showa and his longtime devotion to biological research. The 1998 Prize was awarded to Professor Otto Thomas Solbrig, Harvard University, one of the authors of this book. In conjunction with the awarding of the International Prize for Biology, the 14th International Symposium with the theme of The Biology of Biodiversity was held in Hayama on the 9th and 10th of December 1998, with financial support by an international symposium grant from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan. The invited speakers were chosen so as to cover four basic aspects of biodiversity: species diversity and phylogeny, ecological biodiversity, development and evolution, and genetic diversity of living organisms including human beings.
Download or read book Conserving Biodiversity written by Ross Andrew Bradstock and published by University of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arising from a conference held at the University of Sydney in 1993, this collection of 35 papers addresses topics such as habitat loss, degradation and pollution of water resources, weeds and feral animals, and commercial use of native biota. Also discusses the role of government and non-government agencies in conservation. Includes 25 colour plates, references and an index. The editors work in the Environmental Survey and Research Division of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.
Download or read book Genetic Diversity and Erosion in Plants written by M. R. Ahuja and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic erosion is the loss of genetic diversity within a species. It can happen very quickly, due to catastrophic events, or changes in land use leading to habitat loss. But it can also occur more gradually and remain unnoticed for a long time. One of the main causes of genetic erosion is the replacement of local varieties by modern varieties. Other causes include environmental degradation, urbanization, and land clearing through deforestation and brush fires. In order to conserve biodiversity in plants, it is important to targets three independent levels that include ecosystems, species and genes. Genetic diversity is important to a species’ fitness, long-term viability, and ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Chapters in this book are written by leading geneticists, molecular biologists and other specialists on relevant topics on genetic erosion and conservation genetic diversity in plants. This divisible set of two volumes deals with a broad spectrum of topics on genetic erosion, and approaches to biodiversity conservation in crop plants and trees. Volume 1 deals with indicators and prevention of genetic erosion, while volume 2 covers genetic diversity and erosion in a number of plants species. These two volumes will also be useful to botanists, biotechnologists, environmentalists, policy makers, conservationists, and NGOs working to manage genetic erosion and biodiversity.
Download or read book Opportunities in Biology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology has entered an era in which interdisciplinary cooperation is at an all-time high, practical applications follow basic discoveries more quickly than ever before, and new technologiesâ€"recombinant DNA, scanning tunneling microscopes, and moreâ€"are revolutionizing the way science is conducted. The potential for scientific breakthroughs with significant implications for society has never been greater. Opportunities in Biology reports on the state of the new biology, taking a detailed look at the disciplines of biology; examining the advances made in medicine, agriculture, and other fields; and pointing out promising research opportunities. Authored by an expert panel representing a variety of viewpoints, this volume also offers recommendations on how to meet the infrastructure needsâ€"for funding, effective information systems, and other supportâ€"of future biology research. Exploring what has been accomplished and what is on the horizon, Opportunities in Biology is an indispensable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in all subdisciplines of biology as well as for research administrators and those in funding agencies.
Download or read book Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity in Protected Areas written by José María Iriondo and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises 7 chapters discussing the genetic diversity conservation in protected areas and the management of wild relatives. Some topics covered were: genetic reserve management, location and design; plant population monitoring methods for in situ conservation of wild relatives; habitat recovery; and ex situ measures.
Download or read book Genetic and Evolutionary Diversity written by Dr Robert Callow and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the causes of genetic diversity within and between populations, species formation and multiplication and the association of species in communities. It also discusses reproductive patterns in relation to the integrated control of breeding systems and chromosomes behaviour. The ideas presented link fields of biology usually treated separately, which are relevant to population genetic, cytogenetic , ecological and evolutionary studies.This revised edition includes significant advances in the fields of plant genetics and cytogenetics and a greater emphasis on long term evolutionary processes.
Download or read book Species Diversity and Genetic Diversity written by Mark Vellend and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In the Light of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.
Download or read book Integrated Watershed Management written by H. M. Gregersen and published by CABI. This book was released on 2007 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land and water management is especially critical as the use of upstream watersheds can drastically affect large numbers of people living in downstream watersheds. This work examines the institutional and technical context for managing watersheds and river basins, including the involvement of both the public and private sectors.
