Download or read book Generation and Charactization of Methane Bubbles in Steel written by David August Westphal and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bubbles Generation Under Turbulent Conditions at the Steel Making Ladle Shroud A Water Modeling and CFD Study written by Xinyu Ren and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The mechanism of bubble generation under turbulent conditions within a steelmaking ladle shroud was studied experimentally by water modelling, and mathematically by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The sizes of bubbles generated were quantitatively characterized through optical measurements. Based on the bubble size distributions, six potentially important experimental parameters were assessed. The optimal operating condition for the generation of small bubbles in the steelmaking ladle shroud was proposed, based on combining the experimental data and CFD results. To directly produce super clean steel, one key task for the steelmaking industry is to remove tiny inclusions less than 50[mu]m as far as possible. However, due to their low rising velocity, these tiny inclusions remain in the liquid steel entering into the casting processes. Small gas bubbles (0.25mm to 3.0mm) could enhance the removal efficiency of small inclusions from the liquid steel. Due to the high surface tension of liquid steel, and the non-wetting characteristics, traditional gas injection techniques, such as lances, porous plug, orifices can only produce gas bubbles in the range of 10-50mm diameters under conditions applying to liquid steel. Nonetheless, the technique of micro-bubble generation in the ladle shroud is now proposed. In the water modelling experiments, a new tundish model was built which provided the possibility to quantitatively characterize the sizes of bubbles generated. Six experimental factors were studied: the water speed in the ladle shroud model, the air injection rate, the slide gate opening ratio, the gas injection point distance from the slide gate, the air injection direction orientation and the orifice size. The experimental results showed that the water speed and the slide gate opening ratio determined the critical bubble size of the system. A high water speed and a low slide gate opening ratio lead to smaller critical bubble sizes. In general, the bubble size increased with any increase of the air injection rate and increase in the gas injection point distance from the slide gate. Therefore, the air injection rate must be kept low and the gas injection point should be located as close to the slide gate as possible, in order to generate very small bubbles. The direction of air injection and the orifice size did not show very strong correlations with the bubble sizes in the current experimental setups and conditions. The smallest bubbles generated from the experiments were about 0.5mm in diameter, which are predicted to be the optimum for removing mall inclusions (10-50[mu]m) from liquid steel. In the CFD simulation, the commercial code package Ansys Fluent (version 14.5.7) was used. The simulations were carried out using the high performance computer in the McGill Metals Processing Centre (MMPC) at Stinson laboratory. The simulation results, particularly the local turbulence dissipation rate values, were used to calculate the theoretical critical bubble size. The trajectories of bubbles with different sizes were studied using the so-called discrete phase modelling (DPM). The mathematical simulation results were found to match with the experimental results reasonably well.Finally, a physical model analysis was performed by combining the results from the water modelling experiments and the CFD simulations. The optimal condition to produce small bubbles by injecting gas into ladle shroud is proposed in the end of this research. " --
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Gas Bubbles Injected Into Liquid Metals and the Kinetics of Gaseous Deoxidation of Liquid Copper written by R. J. Andreini and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extractive Metallurgy 3 written by Alain Vignes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extractive metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. The production of metals and alloys from these source materials is still one of the most important and fundamental industries in both developed and developing economies around the world. The outputs and products are essential resources for the metallic, mechanical, electromagnetic, electrical and electronics industries (silicon is treated as a metal for these purposes). This series is devoted to the extraction of metals from ores, concentrates (enriched ores), scraps, and other sources and their refining to the state of either liquid metal before casting or to solid metals. The extraction and refining operations that are required may be carried out by various metallurgical reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 1 deals with the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 2 focuses on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, halide and electro-metallurgical (conversion) processes. Extractive Metallurgy 3 deals with the industrial processing operations, technologies, and process routes, in other words the sequence of steps or operations used to convert the ore to metal. Processes and operations are studied using the methodology of “chemical reaction engineering”. As the fundamentals of the art and science of Extractive Metallurgy are infrequently taught as dedicated university or engineering schools courses, this series is intended both for students in the fields of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering who want to acquire this knowledge, and also for engineers put in charge of the operation of an industrial production unit or the development of a new process, who will need the basic knowledge of the corresponding technology.
Download or read book Hydrogen in Steel written by Michael Smialowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen in Steel: Effect of Hydrogen on Iron and Steel During Production, Fabrication, and Use focuses on the effect of hydrogen on iron and steel during production, fabrication, and use. Topics covered range from the solubility of hydrogen in iron and ferrous alloys to the diffusion and permeation of hydrogen through iron and steel. Electrochemical problems related to the ability of iron to absorb hydrogen from aqueous solutions are also considered. Comprised of 19 chapters, this book begins with a detailed treatment of the nature and properties of metal-hydrogen systems, paying particular attention to the behavior of hydrogen in the bulk of the metal phase and the mechanism of reactions between metals and hydrogen or hydrogen-producing compounds. The reader is then introduced to the solubility of hydrogen in iron and ferrous alloys as well as the nature of the final product of the hydrogen-iron interaction. Subsequent chapters deal with dimensional changes and stresses produced in steel by cathodically evolved hydrogen; the effects of hydrogen on the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of iron and steel; influence of welding on hydrogen; and sulfide corrosion cracking of steel. The effects of pickling on steel are also examined, along with the blistering and embrittlement caused by hydrogen on the base metal during electroplating. This book will be of value to students and practitioners in the field of physical chemistry.
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metallurgy of Failure Analysis written by A. K. Das and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 1997 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By analyzing failures of both process and design, this book serves as a valuable reference for those working in the areas of quality assurance, design engineering, metallurgy and materials. There are remedial measures for corrosion, overload, fatigue and wear; and case studies of problems.
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Symposium on Electrochemistry in Mineral and Metal Processing written by Paul E. Richardson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
