Download or read book Gendered Hate written by Jessica P. Hodge and published by UPNE. This book was released on 2011 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique analysis of hate crime law through the lens of gender

Download or read book Violence Against Women as Bias Motivated Hate Crime written by Lois Copeland and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gender motivated Bias Crimes written by Jordan Thore Hertl and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prototype theory states that people have certain expectations when it comes to perpetrators and victims of acts of discrimination. A scenario was developed wherein victim type, severity of assault, assault location, and victim-perpetrator relationship were varied. The perception of bias as a motive and the labeling of the scenario as a hate crime were significantly affected by the independent variables. Scenarios featuring an African American victim were more likely to be labeled as a hate crime than those targeting a non-minority woman. Other factors that resulted in an increased application of the hate crime label were a) the attack was committed by a stranger, b) the attack was more severe, and c) the attack occurred following a political meeting instead of a college class. Overall this study showed that participants did not perceive crimes committed against women to be hate crimes unless that woman was of prototypical minority.

Download or read book Violence Against Women as Bias Motivated Hate Crime written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hate and Bias Crime written by Barbara Perry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering everything from hate groups and extremist exploits to Black church arsons and the fall out violence from 9/11; this is an important collection that sheds much-needed light on this growing problem.

Download or read book Hate Crimes written by Robin Maria Valeri and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hate Crimes: Typology, Motivations, and Victims offers a fresh perspective on the study of hate crimes. With separate chapters on LGBT, race, religion, and gender motivated hate crimes, the book focuses on the various targets of these crimes and examines the theories and motivations that drive perpetrators to commit these acts of hate. To address the increase in hate crimes occurring on campuses and in cyberspace, the book also includes chapters on campus hate crimes and virtual hate. Editors Robin Valeri and Kevin Borgeson and their contributors draw on theories from criminology, psychology, and sociology to explore the ideologies of hatemongers and extremist groups. No competing text offers such in-depth and nuanced coverage of hate and the contributing factors to one of the fastest growing social problems in America. The newly updated second edition opens each chapter with a relevant case study and includes a new chapter on hate crimes targeting people with disabilities. To keep up with the ever-changing digital landscape, the chapter on virtual hate has also added a discussion on the role of gaming, gaming adjacent platforms, and gamification in spreading hate. A core text for courses on hate crimes as well as an excellent supplement for any social problems class, Hate Crimes: Typology, Motivations, and Victims provides important insights into the growth and evolution of the field of hate crimes and hate studies. The chapter themes make this a highly readable text for criminal justice, psychology, or sociology professors and students as well as practitioners in the field.

Download or read book Hate Crimes written by Valerie Jenness and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence directed at victimized groups because of their real or imagined characteristics is as old as humankind. Why, then, have "hate crimes" only recently become recog-nized as a serious social problem, especially in the United States? This book addresses a timely set of questions about the politics and dynamics of intergroup violence manifested

Download or read book Punishing Hate written by Frederick M. Lawrence and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bias crimes are a scourge on our society. Is there a more terrifying image in the mind's eye than that of the burning cross? Punishing Hate examines the nature of bias-motivated violence and provides a foundation for understanding bias crimes and their treatment under the U.S. legal system. In this tightly argued book, Frederick Lawrence poses the question: Should bias crimes be punished more harshly than similar crimes that are not motivated by bias? He answers strongly in the affirmative, as do a great many scholars and citizens, but he is the first to provide a solid theoretical grounding for this intuitive agreement, and a detailed model for a bias crimes statute based on the theory. The book also acts as a strong corrective to recent claims that concern about hate crimes is overblown. A former prosecutor, Lawrence argues that the enhanced punishment of bias crimes, with a substantial federal law enforcement role, is not only permitted by doctrines of criminal and constitutional law but also mandated by our societal commitment to equality. Drawing upon a wide variety of sources, from law and criminology, to sociology and social psychology, to today's news, Punishing Hate will have a lasting impact on the contentious debate over treatment of bias crimes in America.

Download or read book Proving Grounds written by Jessica P. Hodge and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the contentious debate on how gender fits within the hate crime framework, little empirical work has explored the developmental and implementation process of the gender category within state hate crime statutes. Using qualitative data, including interviews with law enforcement officials, prosecutors, interest group members, and key legislative personnel, and a content analysis of legislative records and media accounts, this research examines one state's efforts to include gender as a category within its bias crime legislation and the enforcement of the category since its inclusion within the law. New Jersey is the focus of this study, as gender has been included within the state hate crime law since 1995. The analysis reveals the following factors played a role in the inclusion of the gender category: the political and legal contexts, the media, interest group activities, and triggering events. Ultimately, however, the gender category was included with minimal fanfare due to opportune circumstances. The analysis also reveals that while the gender category has been included within the bias crime statute for more than ten years, neither investigators nor prosecutors have utilized the category and continue to be uncertain about its fit within the hate crime framework. This was particularly evident through a discussion of whether domestic violence and sexual assaults are considered gender-bias crimes. As it stands, including the gender category serves a symbolic role in the legislation, and gender-motivated violence remains marginalized within the hate crime law. However, even though legal actors questioned the pragmatic value of the gender category, in the end, many continued to believe it was a necessary law and offered several ways to make it a viable part of the state's bias crime statute. A discussion of policy implications and directions for future research is provided.

Download or read book The Measurement of Hate Crimes in America written by Frank S. Pezzella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-23 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Hate Crime Statistics Program and the National Crime Victimization Survey, this brief highlights the uniqueness of hate or bias crime victimization. It compares these to non-bias crimes and delineates the situational circumstances that distinguish bias from non-bias offending. The nuances of under-reporting shed light on bias-group and victim reasons for not reporting. By examining measurement issues associated with data collection systems, this brief helps explain why eighty-nine percent of participating law enforcement agencies report zero hate crimes each year. It describes patterns and trends in reporting the volume of general bias motivations and specific bias types, as the most prevalent hate crime offense types and most likely victims and offenders. With recommendations to address issues in measurement and under-reporting, including an action plan by the Enhance the Response to Hate Crimes Advisory Committee and the International Association of Chiefs of Police, a best practice model by the Oak Creek Police Department, and other promising law enforcement reporting models, this brief provides an increasingly critical resource for law enforcement practitioners and researchers dealing with hate crimes.

Download or read book Making Hate A Crime written by Valerie Jenness and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2001-08-15 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence motivated by racism, anti-Semitism, misogyny, and homophobia weaves a tragic pattern throughout American history. Fueled by recent high-profile cases, hate crimes have achieved an unprecedented visibility. Only in the past twenty years, however, has this kind of violence—itself as old as humankind—been specifically categorized and labeled as hate crime. Making Hate a Crime is the first book to trace the emergence and development of hate crime as a concept, illustrating how it has become institutionalized as a social fact and analyzing its policy implications. In Making Hate a Crime Valerie Jenness and Ryken Grattet show how the concept of hate crime emerged and evolved over time, as it traversed the arenas of American politics, legislatures, courts, and law enforcement. In the process, violence against people of color, immigrants, Jews, gays and lesbians, women, and persons with disabilities has come to be understood as hate crime, while violence against other vulnerable victims-octogenarians, union members, the elderly, and police officers, for example-has not. The authors reveal the crucial role social movements played in the early formulation of hate crime policy, as well as the way state and federal politicians defined the content of hate crime statutes, how judges determined the constitutional validity of those statutes, and how law enforcement has begun to distinguish between hate crime and other crime. Hate crime took on different meanings as it moved from social movement concept to law enforcement practice. As a result, it not only acquired a deeper jurisprudential foundation but its scope of application has been restricted in some ways and broadened in others. Making Hate a Crime reveals how our current understanding of hate crime is a mix of political and legal interpretations at work in the American policymaking process. Jenness and Grattet provide an insightful examination of the birth of a new category in criminal justice: hate crime. Their findings have implications for emerging social problems such as school violence, television-induced violence, elder-abuse, as well as older ones like drunk driving, stalking, and sexual harassment. Making Hate a Crime presents a fresh perspective on how social problems and the policies devised in response develop over time. A Volume in the American Sociological Association's Rose Series in Sociology

Download or read book Responding to Hate Crime written by Chakraborti, Neil and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The policy makers that govern responses to hate crimes and the institutions that research those crimes have up to this point been separate: policy makers have not taken research into consideration, and researchers have conducted their studies with little reference to policies. This book seeks to bridge the gap between the two by bringing together internationally renowned hate crime experts from the domains of academia, policy making, and activism. The contributors provide new perspectives on the nature of hate crimes, their victims, and their perpetrators, exploring a range of themes, challenges, and solutions that have otherwise received little attention. The result is a collection of innovative ways of combating hate crime that combine cutting-edge research with the latest in professional innovations, while remaining accessible to a wide audience.

Download or read book Hate Crimes written by James B. Jacobs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-12-28 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1980s, a new category of crime appeared in the criminal law lexicon. In response to concerted advocacy-group lobbying, Congress and many state legislatures passed a wave of "hate crime" laws requiring the collection of statistics on, and enhancing the punishment for, crimes motivated by certain prejudices. This book places the evolution of the hate crime concept in socio-legal perspective. James B. Jacobs and Kimberly Potter adopt a skeptical if not critical stance, maintaining that legal definitions of hate crime are riddled with ambiguity and subjectivity. No matter how hate crime is defined, and despite an apparent media consensus to the contrary, the authors find no evidence to support the claim that the United States is experiencing a hate crime epidemic--instead, they cast doubt on whether the number of hate crimes is even increasing. The authors further assert that, while the federal effort to establish a reliable hate crime accounting system has failed, data collected for this purpose have led to widespread misinterpretation of the state of intergroup relations in this country. The book contends that hate crime as a socio-legal category represents the elaboration of an identity politics now manifesting itself in many areas of the law. But the attempt to apply the anti-discrimination paradigm to criminal law generates problems and anomalies. For one thing, members of minority groups are frequently hate crime perpetrators. Moreover, the underlying conduct prohibited by hate crime law is already subject to criminal punishment. Jacobs and Potter question whether hate crimes are worse or more serious than similar crimes attributable to other anti-social motivations. They also argue that the effort to single out hate crime for greater punishment is, in effect, an effort to punish some offenders more seriously simply because of their beliefs, opinions, or values, thus implicating the First Amendment. Advancing a provocative argument in clear and persuasive terms, Jacobs and Potter show how the recriminalization of hate crime has little (if any) value with respect to law enforcement or criminal justice. Indeed, enforcement of such laws may exacerbate intergroup tensions rather than eradicate prejudice.

Download or read book Hate Crime in America written by Danielle Smith-Llera and published by Compass Point Books. This book was released on 2020 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hate crime in the United States is on the rise. The FBI has reported that hate crimes rose by 17 percent in 2017, increasing for the third straight year, and the trend continued into 2018 and 2019. The crimes are most commonly motivated by hatred related to race, ethnicity, or country of origin. Many crimes are also motivated by bias against sexual orientation or gender identity. Students will learn why hate crime is on the rise and how they can help combat it.

Download or read book Hate Crime written by Neil Chakraborti and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engaging and thought-provoking text provides an accessible introduction to the subject of hate crime. In a world where issues of hatred and prejudice are creating complex challenges for society and for governments, this book provides an articulate and insightful overview of how such issues relate to crime and criminal justice. It offers comprehensive coverage, including topics such as: Racist hate crime Religiously motivated hate crime Homophobic crime Gender and violence Disablist hate crime

Download or read book Responding to Hate Crimes and Bias motivated Incidents on College University Campuses written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hate Crimes written by Phyllis B. Gerstenfeld and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth Edition of Hate Crimes: Causes, Controls, and Controversies by Phyllis B. Gerstenfeld takes a multidisciplinary approach that allows students to explore a broad scope of hate crimes. Drawing on recent developments, topics, and current research, this book examines the issues that foster hate crimes while demonstrating how these criminal acts impact individuals, as well as communities. Students are introduced to the issue through first-person vignettes—offering a more personalized account of both victims and perpetrators of hate crimes. Packed with the latest court cases, research, and statistics from a variety of scholarly sources, the Fourth Edition is one of the most comprehensive and accessible textbooks in the field.