Download or read book The Garter Snakes written by Douglas Athon Rossman and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Garter Snakes: Evolution and Ecology is the first comprehensive review of the genus Thamnophis in nearly ninety years. The book includes color plates of all species (many never previously figured in color); extensive discussion of ecology, behavior, and captive care; and a modern key to all species - as well as species-by-species summaries of the systematics and natural history of the thirty different garter snakes now recognized. Of particular interest are the descriptions of lesser-known species in Mexico. Because interest in reptiles has grown dramatically in recent years, this comprehensive guide is designed to appeal to as wide an audience as possible - to both the professional herpetologist interested in the biology of Thamnophis and the hobbyist who wants to know more about these diverse and widespread snakes, both in the home aquarium and in the wild. This up-to-date, appealing book, written by the world's leading authorities, will be extremely useful not only to herpetologists but also to conservationists, ecologists, pet owners, and other readers generally interested in natural history.
Download or read book Garter Snakes written by Mary Ann McDonald and published by Capstone. This book was released on 1996 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the physical characteristics, habitat, and behavior of the common garter snake.
Download or read book Snakes written by Richard A. Seigel and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1993 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference for herpetologists, biologists, and others interested in such aspects of snakes as their population genetics, neurobiology, functional morphology, behavioral ecology, and evolution. Also includes a chapter on strategies for conservation. Acidic paper. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Snakes written by Stephen J. Mullin and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-15 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destruction of habitat due to urban sprawl, pollution, and deforestation has caused population declines or even extinction of many of the world's approximately 2,600 snake species. Furthermore, misconceptions about snakes have made them among the most persecuted of all animals, despite the fact that less than a quarter of all species are venomous and most species are beneficial because they control rodent pests. It has become increasingly urgent, therefore, to develop viable conservation strategies for snakes and to investigate their importance as monitors of ecosystem health and indicators of habitat sustainability. In the first book on snakes written with a focus on conservation, editors Stephen J. Mullin and Richard A. Seigel bring together leading herpetologists to review and synthesize the ecology, conservation, and management of snakes worldwide. These experts report on advances in current research and summarize the primary literature, presenting the most important concepts and techniques in snake ecology and conservation. The common thread of conservation unites the twelve chapters, each of which addresses a major subdiscipline within snake ecology. Applied topics such as methods and modeling and strategies such as captive rearing and translocation are also covered. Each chapter provides an essential framework and indicates specific directions for future research, making this a critical reference for anyone interested in vertebrate conservation generally or for anyone implementing conservation and management policies concerning snake populations. Contributors: Omar Attum, Indiana University Southeast; Steven J. Beaupre, University of Arkansas; Xavier Bonnet, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Frank T. Burbrink, College of Staten Island-The City University of New York; Gordon M. Burghardt, University of Tennessee; Todd A. Castoe, University of Colorado; David Chiszar, University of Colorado; Michael E. Dorcas, Davidson College; Lara E. Douglas, University of Arkansas; Christopher L. Jenkins, Project Orianne, Ltd.; Glenn Johnson, State University of New York at Potsdam; Michael Hutchins, The Wildlife Society; Richard B. King, Northern Illinois University; Bruce A. Kingsbury, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne; Thomas Madsen, University of Wollongong; Stephen J. Mullin, Eastern Illinois University; James B. Murphy, National Zoological Park; Charles R. Peterson, Idaho State University; Kent A. Prior, Parks Canada; Richard A. Seigel, Towson University; Richard Shine, University of Sydney; Kevin T. Shoemaker, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York; Patrick J. Weatherhead, University of Illinois; John D. Willson, University of Georgia
Download or read book Ecology of the Common Garter Snake Thamnophis Sirtalis at the Northern Limit of Its Range microform written by Karl W. (Karl Walter) Larsen and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1986 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploring Ecological Correlates Associated with Dorsal Colour Variation in Garter Snakes written by Leigh Anne Isaac and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colours influence numerous aspects of an animal's ecology and the adaptive significance of colour variation has been intensively studied in diverse taxonomic groups. This study was motivated by the question: Why do garter snakes vary in colour? To answer this question, I focused on Western Terrestrial Garter Snakes, Thamnophis elegans, which exhibit geographic variation in colouration (dark morph vs. light morph), and two different species of garter snake that occur in the same geographic region but vary in colour--light T. elegans and the Common Garter Snake, T. sirtalis. My work provides an objective quantification and analysis of snake colour and evaluates the influence of colour variation on ecological processes such as thermoregulation, crypsis, and antipredator behaviour. I compared body temperatures (Tbs) with available thermal opportunities, both in wild snakes and in a field experiment, to determine how snakes with contrasting colours differ in thermoregulation and temperature-dependent behaviours. Gravid females of the light and dark colour morphs of T.elegans exhibited comparable thermoregulatory behaviour at high temperatures; however, dark T.elegans maintained elevated Tbs when available temperatures dropped. In the field, dark-coloured snakes were more likely to be moving when first detected when Tbs were high, but this trend was reversed in light T. elegans. I quantified crypsis of snakes, in terms of colour and brightness, by measuring the spectral reflectance of snakes and the surrounding habitat. These data were visually modeled from the perspective of potential snake predators and human researchers. Overall, snakes selected basking sites that maximized crypsis and both colour morphs of T. elegans were equally cryptic. There was evidence suggesting that T. sirtalis was more cryptic than light T. elegans to snake predators. I collected a series of behavioural measurements for snakes pre- and post-capture. Light T.elegans were more likely to be moving when originally detected in the field than dark snakes. Distance to cover and injuries were important factors in explaining the antipredator behaviour of snakes in the field. Snakes became generally faster with increasing Tbs, but differences attributable to colour morph were not straightforward. A higher proportion of T. elegans of both colour morphs exhibited some type of movement when exposed to a simulated predatory attack. Thamnophis sirtalis, on the other hand, hung limp and motionless in the air. The less cryptic lightT. elegans had a higher probability of having an injury than T. sirtalis but injury patterns between the equally cryptic light and dark T. elegans differed by sex. The relationships between colour and these various traits were complex, but, taken together, they highlighted how thermal ecology, crypsis, and anti-predator behaviours were related to a snake's visual appearance. These results therefore provide an ecological underpinning for future genetic studies to identify potential candidate genes that may be responsible for the control of colour pattern in garter snakes.
Download or read book Garter Snake written by William Donald and published by . This book was released on 2020-04-25 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Garter Snakes: Evolution and Ecology includes color plates of all species (many never previously figured in color); extensive discussion of ecology, behavior, and captive care; and a modern key to all species-as well as species-by-species summaries of the systematic and natural history of the thirty different garter snakes now recognized. Of particular interest are the descriptions of lesser-known species in Mexico.
Download or read book Variations and Genetic Relationships of the Garter snakes written by Alexander Grant Ruthven and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is an attempt to do classification on the garter-snake group to help define differences between natural groups and clarify the systematic arrangements.
Download or read book COMPARATIVE ECOLOGY OF THE COMMON GARTER SNAKE THAMNOPHIS S SIRTALIS THE RIBBON SNAKE THAMNOPHIS S SAURITUS AND BUTLER S GARTER SNAKE THAMNOPHIS BUTLERI IN MIXED POPULATION written by Charles Congden Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Ecology of the Garter Snakes Thamnophis Sirtalis Concinnus Hallowell and Thamnophis Ordinoides Baird Girard written by Glenn R. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, studies dealing with temperature regulation, temperature sensitivity, and physiological responses to temperature in lizards and other reptiles have increased tremendously. It is notable that snakes have been largely ignored in such studies. This no doubt is due to their less direct relationship to ancestral endotherms. However, problems in the ecology of snakes themselves may be elucidated by studies of this kind. The present study deals with two species of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus and Thamnophis ordinoides) which are abundant in Oregon's Willamette Valley. The species sirtalis is the most wide ranging snake in the United States. It is commonly found near permanent water, though occasionally it is encountered in rather dry situations. In contrast to sirtalis, the monotypic species ordinoides is a strictly terrestrial northern Pacific Coast form, which typically is associated with areas of dense vegetation. T. s. concinnus is often seen basking on mild days of the coldest winter months (November-February) while T. ordinoides rarely emerges during these months. The distinct differences in habitat preference and winter behavior exhibited by these snakes suggest differences in thermal preferences and critical levels. To examine this possibility, and the responses of the snakes to thermal acclimation, comparative data on the following variables have been sought: 1) Body temperature of snakes in the field and its relationship to environmental temperatures; 2) body temperature of snakes in a thermal gradient box; 3) critical thermal maximum and minimum; 4) metabolic rate; 5) the effect of thermal acclimation on items two, three, and four. While more investigations are needed to confirm and clarify the results of this study, some tentative conclusions may be stated here: 1) T. s. concinnus and T. ordinoides are diurnal, heliothermic snakes which consistently maintain body temperatures higher than the air and substrate temperatures. 2) T. s. concinnus is more tolerant of seasonally extreme temperatures than T. ordinoides. 3) T. s, concinnus prefers slightly higher body temperatures than T. ordinoides. 4) If temperature tolerances and preferred temperatures are heritable characteristics developed in the phylogeny of the species, these differences probably are primarily related to the difference in distribution of each species as a whole, and secondarily to differences in habitat preference and habit which have resulted from competetive interactions with other species. 5) There are sexual differences in the preferred temperatures of both species, the most significant of which is the relatively high preferred temperature of pregnant females. 6) Initially, the preferred temperatures of both species are inversely related to acclimation temperature. Later, they may be directly related to acclimation temperature. 7) The critical thermal maxima and minima are similar in both species and are directly related to acclimation temperature. However, reacclimation affects the original response differently in the two species. 8) Both species exhibit typical metabolic rate responses to thermal acclimation. 9) Since metabolic rate responses are the same in both species, the greater cold tolerance of T. s. concinnus cannot be attributed to a greater ability to compensate for low temperature.
Download or read book Snakes ecology and Evolutionary Biology written by Richard A. Seigel and published by MacMillan Publishing Company. This book was released on 1987 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Garter Snakes written by Heather L. Montgomery and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Describes garter snakes including their distinctive characteristics, habitats, and defenses"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Garter Snakes As Pets Garter Snake Book for Care Behavior Diet Interaction Costs and Health written by Ben Team and published by Zoodoo Publishing. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Garter snakes are some of the most commonly encountered snakes in North America, and most people will see one in their backyard or at a local park at some point in their lives. Part of the reason they're so commonly encountered is that they often live in disturbed areas, near human habitation. Given that they thrive in close proximity to humans, it shouldn't come as a surprise that garter snakes also thrive in captivity. But while garter snakes can make rewarding pets, you'll have to learn as much as you can about their biology, their way of life and the habitats from which they hail to ensure your pet will enjoy a high quality of life. Inside, you will find all of the information you need to give a green snake a good home and ensure he enjoys a high quality of life. If you incorporate the lessons presented here and remain observant of your new pet, you'll have a great chance of giving him a long, healthy life. The author, Ben Team, is an environmental educator and author with over 16 years of professional reptile-keeping experience. Ben currently maintains www.FootstepsInTheForest.com, where he shares information, narration and observations of the natural world.Covered in this book: - Acquisition- Anatomy- Behavior- Biology- Breeding- Captive Considerations- Daily Care- Description- Diet- Ecology- Enclosure- Health- Husbandry- Interaction- Lighting- Maintenance- Monitoring- Myths and Misunderstandings- Taxonomy- The ideal environment.... and much mor
Download or read book Reproductive Ecology of Female Garter Snakes Thamnophis in Southeastern British Columbia written by M. Brent Charland and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ecology of Garter Snakes Thamnophis Sirtalis and T Elegans in Southeastern British Columbia written by Daniel Richard Farr and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Snakes written by Richard A. Seigel and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book fills the need for an up-to-date text/reference in the growing field of snake ecology and evolutionary biology. Here, in one volume is an extensive review of the biology of these fascinating reptiles, including topics such as zoogeography, fossil history, systematics, foraging and reproduction. With contributions from many leading herpetologists, the work is divided into sections on Systematics and Morphology, Methods and Techniques and Life History and Ecology. Each section summarizes what is known about these major fields of snake biology. This book serves the needs of those actively involved in research as well as the amateur naturalist and the beginning student."--pub. desc.
Download or read book Habitat Use and Abundance of the Common Garter Snake Thamnophis Sirtalis at the Northern Limit of Its Range in Manitoba written by Jonathan P. Wiens and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is a wide-ranging species that reaches the northern limit of its range in central Manitoba. Although Thamnophis sirtalis (and especially the subspecies parietalis) has been the subject of intense biological research, there are large gaps of knowledge regarding the ecology of this species in extreme northern latitudes. A recently discovered northern hibernaculum in the boreal forest region near Jenpeg, Manitoba, provided an ideal opportunity for comparing the ecology and biology of this species with geographically distant populations. The climate at Jenpeg is sub-arctic continental and consists of cold winters, and cool short summers. The area lies on the Canadian Shield. and is characterized by surface outcrops of granitic bedrock. Garter snakes were found colonizing artificial habitat features for winter habitat including dikes and rock quarries. Research on the ecology of this species was conducted from May 2005 to May 2007. Snakes emerged in late April and early May. Activity at the den lasted approximately two weeks before snakes dispersed for the summer. Mark-recapture results from 2005 indicate that this population is small (~79 individuals +_ 10.6) and exhibits a wide variation in adult sizes (350-1340 mm total length). Radio telemetry and funnel trapping have shown that summer habitat use is concentrated around wetlands. with wood frogs (Lithobates sylvatica) constituting the most common food source (56%). Many snakes dispersed over distances exceeding two kilometres, despite the apparent abundance of prey species near the den site. Analysis of colour patterns revealed substantial variation in the skin folds between the lateral scales. The majority of snakes expressed no red colouration on the lateral scales (45%) while some individuals expressed rare examples of bright red colouration (erythristism) (6%) and dark colouration (melanism) (1%). Traditional local knowledge gathered from aboriginal hunters, fishers and trappers outlined the long-term presence of garter snakes in the region, and provided local distribution data for the species. Aboriginal peoples stated that the overall population density of snakes in the region was low, and provided additional support for the findings of large variation in body sizes and colour. It is hypothesized that relative reproductive isolation and a prolonged overwintering period are factors contributing to the uniqueness of this northern population. Information from this study will benefit our understanding of garter snake biology and provide valuable information to assist the conservation efforts of wildlife and landscape managers in the region.
