Download or read book Galectins and Disease Implications for Targeted Therapeutics written by Anatole Klyosov and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides discussion of the latest work in Galectins, stemming from the Symposium 'Galectin Functions and Therapeutics.'

Download or read book Essentials of Glycobiology written by Ajit Varki and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

Download or read book Lessons in Immunity written by Loriano Ballarin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lessons in Immunity: From Single-cell Organisms to Mammals stems from the activity of the Italian Association of Developmental and Comparative Immunobiology (IADCI), represented by the editors. This book is presented as a series of short overviews that report on the current state of various relevant fields of immunobiology from an evolutionary perspective. The overviews are written by authors directly involved in the research, and most are members of the IADCI or have otherwise been involved in the related research for their respective overview. This publication offers scientists and teachers an easy and updated reference tool. - Provides simple and updated reviews on the immunobiology of a wide spectrum of organisms, considered in an evolutionary context - Focuses on both cells and humoral components of a variety of non-classical model organisms - Offers in a single volume many contributions which can help with understanding the evolution of immune responses and the main adaptations in animal phyla - Presents a valuable holistic cross-sectional approach for teaching immunology and its applications

Download or read book Galectins in Cancer and Translational Medicine written by Armando Bartolazzi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the post-genomic era, many efforts have been devoted to better understanding the biological information encoded by the cell "glycome" in normal and pathologic conditions. The glycan signature of human cells plays a pivotal role in regulating fundamental biological processes, which are critical for cell physiology and for cancer as well. Galectins (also worded S-type lectins) are an evolutionarily conserved family of endogenous lectins, which bind carbohydrates with high specificity. These molecules, which can be found both intracellularly and in the extracellular milieu, are functionally active in converting glycan-containing information into cell biological programs. This fashionable mechanism of signal transduction plays a relevant role in regulating several biological functions, including RNA splicing, gene transcription, cell migration and differentiation, apoptosis, immune response, and tumor growth and progression. It is not surprising, indeed, that a large number of studies on galectin-glycan interactions and galectins expression and function in human diseases have been published in the recent literature, spanning from immunology to cardiovascular medicine, from diagnostic Pathology to nuclear medicine. The aim of this Special Issue of IJMS is to collect selected contributions in the field reporting data, concepts, and new ideas, which have the potential to be translated in a clinical setting in the near future, in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other relevant human diseases.

Download or read book Amphioxus Immunity written by An-Long Xu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphioxus Immunity: Tracing the Origin of Human Immunity covers a remarkable range of information about Amphioxus and its evolutionary context. This compilation of what is currently known about Amphioxus, with a sharp focus on its immune system, includes 13 topics, such as: - Amphioxus as a model for understanding the evolution of vertebrates - basic knowledge of immunology - immune organs and cells of amphioxus - a genomic and transcriptomic view of the Amphioxus immunity - pattern recognition system in Amphioxus - transcription factors in Amphioxus - the complement system of Amphioxus - the oxidative burst system in Amphioxus - immune effectors in Amphioxus - lipid signaling of immune response in Amphioxus - apoptosis in amphioxus; primitive adaptive immune system of Amphioxus - and future research directions This valuable reference book is loaded with information that will be useful for anyone who wishes to learn more about the origin of vertebrates and adaptive immunity. - Provides new evidence on the origin of the adaptive immune system, the evolution of innate immunity, and evolution-stage specific immune defense mechanisms - Not only presents the cells and molecules involved in the adaptive immune response in Amphioxus, but also characterizes the origination and evolution of the gene families and pathways involved in innate immunity - Includes much pioneering work, from the molecular, genomic, and cellular to the individual level

Download or read book Membrane Biogenesis written by Jos A.F. Op den Kamp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many individual aspects of the dynamics and assembly of biological membranes have been studied in great detail. Cell biological approaches, advanced genetics, biophysics and biochemistry have greatly contributed to an increase in our knowledge in this field.lt is obvious however, that the three major membrane constituents - lipids, proteins and carbohydrates- are studied, in most cases separately and that a coherent overview of the various aspects of membrane biogenesis is not readily available. The NATO Advanced Study Institute on "New Perspectives in the Dynamics of Assembly of Biomembranes" intended to provide such an overview: it was set up to teach students and specialists the achievements obtained in the various research areas and to try and integrate the numerous aspects of membrane assembly into a coherent framework. The articles in here reflect this. Statting with detailed contributions on phospholipid structure, dynamics, organization and biogenesis, an up to date overview of the basic, lipidic backbone of biomembranes is given. Extensive progress is made in the research on membrane protein biosynthesis. In particular the post- and co-translational modification processes of proteins, the mechanisms of protein translocation and the sorting mechanisms which are necessary to direct proteins to their final, intra - or extracellular destination have been characterized in detail. Modern genetic approaches were indispensable in this research area: gene cloning, hybrid protein construction, site directed mutagenesis and sequencing techniques elucidated many functional aspects of specific nucleic acid and amino acid sequences.

Download or read book Metastasis Research Protocols written by Susan A. Brooks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Volume I, Analysis of Cells and Tissues, we presented a range of protocols aimed at mapping and analyzing the expression of various molecules of pot- tial interest in metastasis research and for examining their production at the genetic level. In this second volume of metastasis research protocols, we move to the level of living cells and tissues and present methodologies applicable to examining metastatic behavior in vitro and in whole animal models. The methods described in the first section of this volume concentrate on the separation of cell lines with high and low metastatic potential, including the genetic modification of cell lines. The assay systems to test defined aspects of the metastatic cascade are then described in Part II and include cell migration assays, assays for matrix degrading enzymes, basement membrane degrading assays, adhesion assays, and assays of angiogenesis. The role of the specific elements of the metastatic cascade assayed in each of these systems in turn must of course be put into perspective relative to their roles in entire living organisms.

Download or read book The Neuropilins Role and Function in Health and Disease written by Gera Neufeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers basic research topics such as the structure-function relationships of neuropilins and mechanisms of neuropilin-mediated signal transduction, details the most important roles of the neuropilins in developmental biology, and addresses their roles in various conditions such as cancer and various eye diseases. The two neuropilin genes encode scaffold receptors that can bind several different ligands, and also associate with many other receptors and modify their activity. Further, it has been confirmed that they play important roles in the shaping of major organs and tissues such as the nervous system and the vascular system, and that they can modulate immune responses. The book offers a helpful guide for biomedical researchers and all scientists active in the neurosciences, vascular and molecular biology, as well as developmental biology and immunology.

Download or read book DNA Genealogy written by Anatole A. Klyosov and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA genealogy is a new field of science which considers patterns of mutations, which are different in different human lineages, in the DNA of present-day humans and of our ancient ancestors. Since the DNA is often preserved in ancient excavated bones, including those in archaeological burials, and can be recovered and studied, this approach allows us to compare the mutation patterns in the course of centuries and millennia. This in turn provides us with a knowledge of how often the mutations occur, that they are gradually changed over centuries and millennia, and, hence, calibrate the rate of mutations in various sites of the DNA in terms of time. In other words, it gives us a “molecular tool” aiming at establishing chronology of events along the ancient history of the humankind. Since the DNA is a molecule, DNA genealogy is also called the “Molecular History”. This is a subject of this book. The book begins with an explanation of what is a nature of mutations in the DNA, why the mutations are random, how to measure their rates, in terms of how many mutations occur in the DNA over centuries and millennia, therefore, to calculate their mutation rate constants. This first part of the book provides the reader with many examples of how DNA genealogy employs the mutation rates to uncover hidden puzzles of ancient human history, such as when Homo sapiens first appeared, who were ancient Europeans, Asians, Africans, Americans compared with their present-day descendants in terms of their DNA lineages, and introduces a rather simple calculator which everyone can run on their personal computer devices, iPhones, etc. to conduct such calculations of ancient chronology. Subsequent chapters of the book consider such controversial issues as whether early people came “out of Africa” or “into Africa” (both hypotheses have their supporters among scientists), who were the ancient Aryans and why their language obtained – much later – a name “Indo-European”, where was a homeland of a majority of nowadays Europeans and Native Americans (a hint – South Siberia), who were ancient Jews and Arabs and when their actual common ancestor lived, what DNA was revealed from a few Khazar burials, why look-alike ancient ceramics, made many thousand years ago, was found both in Europe and Asia, how ancient and contemporary languages are connected with the DNA of people, both ancient and contemporary. The book is targeted for multidisciplinary scientists as well as students and advanced general readership.

Download or read book Transforming Glycoscience written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new focus on glycoscience, a field that explores the structures and functions of sugars, promises great advances in areas as diverse as medicine, energy generation, and materials science, this report finds. Glycans-also known as carbohydrates, saccharides, or simply as sugars-play central roles in many biological processes and have properties useful in an array of applications. However, glycans have received little attention from the research community due to a lack of tools to probe their often complex structures and properties. Transforming Glycoscience: A Roadmap for the Future presents a roadmap for transforming glycoscience from a field dominated by specialists to a widely studied and integrated discipline, which could lead to a more complete understanding of glycans and help solve key challenges in diverse fields.

Download or read book Galectins written by Sean R. Stowell and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galectins: Methods and Protocols is the first book solely dedicated to methodological approaches designed to study galectin function. The galectin family represents one of the most pleiotropic families, with individual members having been implicated in various aspects of nearly every biological process described, from RNA splicing to complex regulatory circuits that orchestrate adaptive immunity. Given the diverse roles of galectins in a variety of biological systems, studying these glycan binding proteins often requires the assimilation of diverse technical skills to fully appreciate their biological function. Their nearly ubiquitous expression and ability to bind highly modifiable carbohydrate ligands, in addition to a variety of other regulatory proteins, allows these glycan binding proteins (GBPs) to possess the capacity to regulate a wide variety of biological processes. Individual chapters are dedicated to examining salient features of galectin functions. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Galectins: Methods and Protocols seeks to serve both professionals and novices with a useful framework when examining galectin function for many years to come.

Download or read book The Sugar Code written by Hans-Joachim Gabius and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reader friendly overview of the structure and functional relevance of natural glycosylation and its cognate proteins (lectins), this book is also one of the few books to cover their role in health and disease. Edited by one of the pioneering experts in the field and written by a team of renowned researchers this resource is a perfect introduction for all students in life and medical sciences, biochemistry, chemistry and pharmacy. Website: WWW.WILEY-VCH.DE/HOME/THESUGARCODE

Download or read book Lectin in Host Defense Against Microbial Infections written by Shie-Liang Hsieh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systemically presents the latest research on lectins, covering all the major topics in the field, including the heterocomplex of lectins and Toll-like receptors, protective versus pathogenic functions in connection with microbial infections, and novel strategies for enhancing host immunity against infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Lectins are a large group of glycan-binding proteins that recognize diverse glycan and non-glycan structures expressed on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and are vital to cell-cell interactions, the attachment of microbes to host cells, and the recognition and activation of immune responses to exogenous and endogenous danger signals. The composition and structure of microbes are complex and include numerous ‘pathogen-associated molecular patterns’ or ‘damage-associated molecular patterns’. As such, microbes’ interactions with immune cells activate multiple innate immunity receptors and produce distinct inflammatory reactions, which can be protective to contain microbial invasion, or pathogenic to cause tissue damage and shock syndrome in the host. The book shares lessons learned from state-of-the art research in this field, highlights the latest discoveries, and provides insightful discussions on lectin-mediated inflammatory reactions, while also outlining future research directions.

Download or read book Cellular Pathophysiology written by Mohammed M. Sayeed and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-05-31 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been increased research on cellular pathophysiology in animal and tissue models simulating human disease processes. The result of this research, which has been carried out primarily by physiologists, pharmacologists, biochemists, anatomists, pathologists, and clinicians, is now presented in this forum. A better understanding of how cellular, subcellular and molecular mechanisms initiate and progressively intensify organic/systemic disease processes is important in the development of rational therapies against these disease processes.

Download or read book Glycobiology and Drug Design written by Anatole A. Klyosov and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Will update existing publications on carbohydrate-based drug design and further shape the emerging data and thinking in this new area.

Download or read book Glia in Health and Disease written by Margaret S. Ho and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Glycoscience Basic Science to Applications written by Naoyuki Taniguchi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state of the art in glycoscience and proposes a road map for the coming decade, focusing on the potential of glycoscience research to shed light on important basic science issues and give rise to exciting new applications, especially in the field of diagnosis and therapeutics. Individual sections offer in-depth coverage of various topics relating to glycans and biopharmaceuticals, glycans in medical science and medicine, glycan technologies, glycans in food and nutrients, and glycan-related materials and their uses. In addition, the book presents an exemplary training course on glycomics and highlights educational and analytical web resources, and also includes glossaries and boxes summarizing key facts to ensure ease of understanding for non-expert readers and students. Written by more than 150 active participants in the Japan Consortium for Glycobiology and Glycotechnology (JCGG), whose goal is to promote the development of interdisciplinary glycoscience and establish a global network in the field, it is a valuable resource for students, postdocs, and researchers in the life sciences as well as for stakeholders and professionals in government, funding agencies and industry.