Download or read book Gadd45 Stress Sensor Genes written by M. Raza Zaidi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-04 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition is fully updated throughout and covers the emerging evidence that indicates that the Gadd45 family of proteins plays a unique and critical role as sensors of stress, including genotoxic, physiological, and oncogenic stress. It sheds light on the complex cellular stress response, encompassing myriad molecular pathways with a plethora of regulators and effectors. The GADD45 stress response genes encode small (18 kd) nuclear/cytoplasmic proteins. These genes are rapidly induced by a wide variety of endogenous and exogenous stress stimuli. Despite marked similarities, Gadd45 genes are regulated differentially and exhibit functional diversity. Gadd45 proteins respond to physiological and oncogenic stress, and are implicated in cell cycle arrest, DNA demethylation and repair, apoptosis, cell survival, genomic stability, and inflammation. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the unique global role that Gadd45 proteins play as stress sensors and the molecular pathways involved.
Download or read book Gadd45 Stress Sensor Genes written by Dan A. Liebermann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging evidence indicates that the Gadd45 family of genes play a unique and critical role as sensors of stress, including genotoxic, physiological and oncogenic stress. The stress response Gadd45 family of genes (Gadd45a, Gadd45b & Gadd45g), discovered by Dr. Liebermann and other researchers, encode for small (18 kd) nuclear/cytoplasmic proteins). These genes are rapidly induced by a wide variety of endogenous and exogenous stress stimuli. In spite of marked similarities, Gadd45 genes are regulated differently & exhibit functional diversity. Gadd45 are implicated in cell cycle arrest, DNA demethylation & repair, apoptosis, cell survival, genomic stability, inflammation, & in response to physiological and oncogenic stress. Functions of Gadd45 genes are mediated by protein-protein interactions that modulate structure/function of other cellular proteins implicated in cell cycle regulation and the response of cells to stress; these interactions vary depending upon the biological setting including cell type, developmental stage and stress/stimulus. Protein partners include cdc2/cyclinB1, p21, the p38/JNK stress induced kinase pathways, and PCNA/histones. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive picture of the unique global role Gadd45 genes play as stress sensors & the molecular pathways involved.
Download or read book Distinct Mechanisms Regulate Induction of Stress Effector Gadd45b written by Steven David Zumbrun and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GADD45 family of proteins consists of three small nuclear proteins, GADD45A, GADD45B, and GADD45G, which are implicated in modulating the cellular response to various types of genotoxic/physiological stress. This family of proteins has been shown to interact with and modulate the function of cell-cycle control proteins, such as p21 and cdc2/cyclin B1, the DNA repair protein, PCNA, key stress response MAP kinases, including MEKK4 (an upstream regulator of JNK kinase), and p38 kinase. Despite similarities in amino acid sequence, structure and function, each gadd45 gene is induced differentially, depending on the type of stress stimuli. For example, the alkylating agent, methylmethane sulfonate (MMS), rapidly induces all three genes, whereas hydrogen peroxide and sorbitol preferentially induce gadd45a and gadd45b, respectively. Studies of the mechanisms of the stress-mediated induction of the gadd45 genes have predominantly focused on gadd45a, with knowledge of gadd45b and gadd45g regulation lacking. Thus, in order to generate a more complete understanding of the collective regulation of the gadd45 genes, a comprehensive analysis of the stress-mediated induction of gadd45b has been carried out. Towards this end, a gadd45b promoter-reporter construct was generated, consisting of 3897bp sequence upstream of the transcription start site of gadd45b, fused to a luciferase reporter. In a human colorectal carcinoma cell line (RKO), in which gadd45b mRNA levels profoundly increase by various stress stimuli, we observe similar, high levels of induction of the gadd45b-luciferase construct with MMS or UVC treatments, but surprisingly not with sorbitol or anisomycin. Linker-scanning mutagenesis of the gadd45b promoter reveals several important MMS and UVC cis-acting responsive elements contained within the proximal promoter, including a GC-rich region and the CCAAT box. Furthermore, we have identified three constitutively bound transcription factors, Sp1, MZF1, and NFY, and one inducible factor, Egr1, which bind to these regions and which contribute to MMS-responsiveness. In contrast, a post-transcriptional mechanism appears to regulate gadd45b induction upon sorbitol treatment, as this treatment increases the gadd45b mRNA half-life, compared to MMS treatment. Interestingly, with the exception of a common cis-element, the stress-mediated induction of gadd45b appears to be mechanistically distinct from gadd45a. In conclusion, this study provides novel evidence that gadd45b induction by distinct stress agents, MMS and sorbitol, is regulated differentially at the level of mRNA transcription or mRNA stability, respectively.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules written by Sangdun Choi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 6330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this encyclopedia presents over 400 biologically important signaling molecules and the content is built on the core concepts of their functions along with early findings written by some of the world’s foremost experts. The molecules are described by recognized leaders in each molecule. The interactions of these single molecules in signal transduction networks will also be explored. This encyclopedia marks a new era in overview of current cellular signaling molecules for the specialist and the interested non-specialist alike. Currently, there are more than 30,000 genes in human genome. However, not all the proteins encoded by these genes work equally in order to maintain homeostasis. Understanding the important signaling molecules as completely as possible will significantly improve our research-based teaching and scientific capabilities.
Download or read book Cancer Epigenetics and Nanomedicine written by Prashant Kesharwani and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-15 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer Epigenetics, Guns and Triggers: Targeting the Right Player via Nanotechnology Approach is a complete package that provides a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the key players that modulate the various steps of carcinogenesis and malignant progression of the disease and the critical targets to be exploited for developing novel modalities of diagnosis and therapeutics. Since epigenetic aberrations can be potentially reversed and restored to their normal state through epigenetic therapy, the book also discusses the challenges and the future of the field with the cutting-edge revelations and limitations that this research endeavor can offer, thereby helping the readers to enhance their critical thinking and adopt strategies of therapeutic importance. • Delivers a detailed and complete journey of how cancer develops, its genetics, as well as other internal and external factors that are contributors of carcinogenesis • Provides in-depth knowledge on epigenetics and the various epigenetic biomolecules, enzymes, and other signaling pathways that are promising entities for drug discovery and chemotherapeutics • Presents state-of-the-art information on the next-generation cancer therapies, challenges, and future of the field
Download or read book Life Extension written by Alexander M. Vaiserman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at aging through research on Drosophila, the fruit fly that is one of the most widely used model organisms in bio gerontology. Work in model organisms can expand the theoretical knowledge of aging: it yields valuable insight into the molecular and cellular processes that underlie aging process, and it can perhaps provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of age-related disorders in humans. Drosophila models have been developed for a large variety of aging-related processes and diseases, and this book provides readers with an overview of current research on the use of the Drosophila model to understand the genetic, molecular and physiological mechanisms that underlie the aging process. Themes of health span, life extension and longevity-associated genes emerge in this collation of international research on Drosophila that is of relevance to geriatrics and gerontology, animal genetics and genomics, and biomedicine. This fascinating, illustrated book will be of interest to a wide audience, ranging from academic researchers to the general reader.
Download or read book DNA Modifications in the Brain written by Timothy W Bredy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-23 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA Modifications in the Brain: Neuroepigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression begins with an historical overview of the early discoveries surrounding DNA methylation in the mammalian brain and then explores the evidence supporting a role for this epigenetic mechanism in controlling gene expression programs across the lifespan in both normal and diseased states. Chapters describe new directions and technological advances, and provide an overview of what the future holds for this exciting new field. This book is ideal for medical, graduate and advanced undergraduate students, but is also a great resource for researchers who need a broad introduction to the dynamic nature of DNA that sheds light on evolving concepts of gene-environment interaction and their effects on adaptation and neuropsychiatric disease. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the many facets of DNA modifications - Discusses the impact of this dynamic epigenetic mechanism across brain development and lifespan at behavioral, cognitive, molecular and genetic levels - Contains contributions by influential leaders in the field - Edited by a Neuroscientist to further promote synthesis between epigenetics, neuroscience, and clinical relevance
Download or read book Issues in Medical Chemistry 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 1446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Medical Chemistry / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Medical Chemistry. The editors have built Issues in Medical Chemistry: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Medical Chemistry in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Medical Chemistry: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Oxidative Stress in Vertebrates and Invertebrates written by Tahira Farooqui and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-12-06 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a unique comparative treatment of the role oxidative stress plays in vertebrates and invertebrates in multiple organ systems with regards to cell death, development, aging, and human diseases, and anti-oxidant therapy. It offers comprehensive reviews of the current understanding of oxidative stress-mediated physiology and pathology as well as directions for future research. It also provides current information on the role of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and various types of cancer mediated by oxidative stress.
Download or read book The Unfolded Protein Response in Cancer written by Robert Clarke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents state-of-the-art information on each of the arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR), how their activation/repression are regulated, integrated, and coordinated, how UPR components affect cancer cell biology and responsiveness to therapeutic interventions, and how UPR components/activities offer potentially novel targets for drug discovery, repurposing, and development. The volume will provide the most recent information on the signaling and regulation of the UPR, explore examples of how the UPR and/or specific components contribute to cancer biology, and identify and explore specific examples of potently new actionable targets for drug discovery and development from within the UPR and its regulation. Unique to the volume will be a specific focus on the UPR and its role in cancer biology, as well as a discussion of the role of the UPR in drug responses and resistance in cancer.
Download or read book Cell Cycle Proteins Advances in Research and Application 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Cycle Proteins—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Cell Cycle Proteins. The editors have built Cell Cycle Proteins—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Cell Cycle Proteins in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Cell Cycle Proteins—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Protein Phosphorylation in Human Health written by Cai Huang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 15 chapters on protein phosphorylation and human health written by expert scientists. Covers most important research hot points, such as Akt, AMPK and mTOR. Bridges the basic protein phosphorylation pathways with human health and diseases. Detailed and comprehensive text with excellent figure illustration.
Download or read book Yeast Stress Responses written by Stefan Hohmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every cell has developed mechanisms to respond to changes in its environment and to adapt its growth and metabolism to unfavorable conditions. The unicellular eukaryote yeast has long proven as a particularly useful model system for the analysis of cellular stress responses, and the completion of the yeast genome sequence has only added to its power This volume comprehensively reviews both the basic features of the yeast genral stress response and the specific adapations to different stress types (nutrient depletion, osmotic and heat shock as well as salt and oxidative stress). It includes the latest findings in the field and discusses the implications for the analysis of stress response mechanisms in higher eukaryotes as well.
Download or read book The Genetic Basis of Sleep and Sleep Disorders written by Paul Shaw and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive book on the subject, The Genetic Basis of Sleep and Sleep Disorders covers detailed reviews of the general principles of genetics and genetic techniques in the study of sleep and sleep disorders. The book contains sections on the genetics of circadian rhythms, of normal sleep and wake states and of sleep homeostasis. There are also sections discussing the role of genetics in the understanding of insomnias, hypersomnias including narcolepsy, parasomnias and sleep-related movement disorders. The final chapter highlights the use of gene therapy in sleep disorders. Written by genetic experts and sleep specialists from around the world, the book is up to date and geared specifically to the needs of both researchers and clinicians with an interest in sleep medicine. This book will be an invaluable resource for sleep specialists, neurologists, geneticists, psychiatrists and psychologists.
Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Download or read book Cancer Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Longevity Senescence and the Genome written by Caleb E. Finch and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-05-16 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring extensive references, updated for this paperback edition, Longevity, Senescence, and the Genome constitutes a landmark contribution to biomedicine and the evolutionary biology of aging. To enhance gerontology's focus on human age-related dysfunctions, Caleb E. Finch provides a comparative review of all the phyla of organisms, broadening gerontology to intersect with behavioral, developmental, evolutionary, and molecular biology. By comparing species that have different developmental and life spans, Finch proposes an original typology of senescence from rapid to gradual to negligible, and he provides the first multiphyletic calculations of mortality rate constants.
