Download or read book Future Trends in Launch Services Commercial and Government written by and published by Information Gatekeepers Inc. This book was released on with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book Commercial Space Industry Launches a New Phase written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-01-09 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rockets, satellites, and the services they provide, once the domain of governments, are increasingly launched and managed by privately owned companies. Although private aerospace firms have contracted with federal agencies since the onset of the Space Age six decades ago, U.S. government policy has sought to spur innovation and drive down costs by expanding the roles of satellite manufacturers and commercial launch providers. Global spending on space activity reached an estimated $323 billion in 2015. Of this amount, nearly 40% was generated by commercial space products and services and 37% by commercial infrastructure and support industries. The U.S. government-including national security agencies and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-accounted for about 14% of global spending; government spending by other countries was responsible for the remaining 10%. The satellite and launch vehicle supply chains are global, with a small number of manufacturers. In 2015, global satellite manufacturing revenues were $6 billion; launches booked $2.6 billion in revenue. Ground stations-the largest part of the commercial space infrastructure-generated more than $100 billion in revenue, largely from geolocation and navigation equipment. The face of the U.S. space industry is changing with a government shift toward use of fixed price contracts for commercial services, new entrants with new launch products, and an increase in the use of smaller satellites: NASA's commercial cargo program and other federal contracts are supporting the growth of the commercial launch industry, with less expensive rockets, some of which are planned to be reusable. Many of the new space-related companies are attracting rising levels of venture capital. Aggressive pricing by U.S. entrants is cutting into the international launch market once dominated by foreign providers. A renewed interest in low-cost satellites, some of which are small enough to be held in one hand, is prompting a range of start-ups and providing new accessibility to space by educational institutions, small businesses, and individual researchers. In order to spur innovation and growth, the commercial space industry has been purposely insulated from some types of federal regulation often applied to other industries. Nevertheless, three broad federal issues will affect the industry's future development. One is the structure of federal regulation and management; those responsibilities currently are dispersed among many agencies, and there is congressional interest in reorganizing commercial space functions at NASA and the Departments of Defense, Commerce, Transportation, and State. A second issue is the extent to which U.S. export controls are hampering U.S. satellite industry sales abroad. Export controls have recently been revamped to enable export of more commercial space products and services, but impediments may remain to reestablishing U.S. space product competitiveness. A third concern is that new Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations allowing wireless communication providers to share spectrum previously dedicated to satellite transmissions may result in interference. The commission has pledged to continue studying the issue.
Download or read book Commercial Space Transportation written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-05 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The commercial space launch industry is changing as NASA plans to begin procuring commercial cargo transportation services to the International Space Station later this year and companies are developing vehicles that could carry passengers for space tourism flights. FAA is responsible for overseeing the safety of commercial space launches and promoting the industry. A catastrophic commercial space launch accident could result in injuries or property damage to the public, or "third parties." In anticipation of such an event, launch companies are required to purchase launch insurance, per calculations done by FAA and, under the Commercial Space Launch Act, the federal government is potentially liable for claims above that amount of purchased insurance. Unless reauthorized, the indemnification provision expires this year. This testimony addresses (1) trends and forecasts in the commercial space launch industry and challenges FAA faces in overseeing and promoting the industry, (2) preliminary information on issues concerning federal indemnification for third party losses, and (3) challenges to global competitiveness for the U.S. commercial space launch industry. This statement is based on a past GAO report and testimonies on commercial space launches, updated with information GAO gathered from FAA and NASA on industry trends and recent FAA and NASA actions, and"
Download or read book Commercial Space Transportation written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-22 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since a peak of 22 U.S. commercial space launches in fiscal year 1998, the annual number of launches generally ranged from 4 to 9 launches. The number of commercial space launches is expected to increase in the next 8 years as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to procure 51 launches from commercial cargo companies to resupply the International Space Station. FAA also expects space tourism to begin in the next several years, although no companies have applied for a FAA launch license and companies developing these services have experienced delays in the past. FAA faces several challenges overseeing the commercial space launch industry. For example, FAA expects its licensing and oversight responsibilities to expand in anticipation of an increased private sector role, suggesting that FAA and Congress must remain vigilant so that potential conflicts in FAA's safety oversight and industry promotion roles do not occur. Also, as the commercial space launch industry grows and FAA continues to implement NextGen-FAA's effort to develop a more automated, aircraft-centered, satellite-based air traffic management system-the agency will have to manage a mix of earth-based aircraft and space vehicles. FAA has begun to consider integrating spaceflight operations into NextGen. In past work, GAO recommended that FAA take several actions to improve its oversight of commercial space launches, including monitoring indicators of space tourism safety. FAA has taken some steps to address the recommendations. Several factors have implications for federal indemnification policy. For example, under the current policy, the potential increase in the number of commercial space launches increases the probability of a catastrophic accident and the possibility of a cost to the federal government. Also, GAO's preliminary work has raised questions about the soundness of the method currently used by FAA to calculate the amount of insurance that launch companies must purchase: FAA has not updated crucial components, such as the cost of a casualty, and its method is outdated, according to insurance industry officials and risk modeling experts. If the current indemnification policy is eliminated, the actual effects on the global competitiveness of the U.S. commercial space launch industry are unknown, in part, because it is not known whether launch customers might choose foreign launch companies over U.S. companies. However, launch companies said that the lack of government indemnification would decrease their global competitiveness by increasing launch costs. The competitiveness of U.S. commercial space launch companies is affected by higher launch prices than those charged by companies in other countries and U.S. export controls, which affect U.S. companies' ability to sell services abroad. The U.S. government has responded to foreign competition by providing the U.S. launch industry research and development funds, use of federal launch facilities, and indemnification for a portion of third-party claims.
Download or read book Commercial Space Launch Industry written by Bill Frist and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001-10 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial Space Launch Industry written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insurance and the U S Commercial Space Launch Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book State of the Commercial Launch Industry written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Evolutionary Approach to Space Launch Commercialization written by Brian G. Chow and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study classifies launch contracts into three types: government (GLs), commercial (CLs) and commercial-like launches (CLLs). Contrary to a view that GLs are more reliable, it found that the launch reliabilities under all three types cannot be considered statistically different with 95 percent confidence. An analytic approach was developed to determine whether a particular government launch program should be procured commercially. The study recommends an evolutionary approach to space launch commercialization, starting with small launchers and then medium-lift launchers such as the Deltas and Atlases. Whether the Titan IVs should be commercialized in the future depends on how well the commercialization of medium-lift launchers fares. The study also recommends that the Department of Defense concentrate its new launcher development on the most commercially relevant range, which is the capability to lift 10,000 to 50,000 pounds of payload into low earth orbits. Other recommendations are related to the deletion of undesirable contract features and steps to strengthen launch competitiveness.
Download or read book National Security Space Launch Report written by Forrest McCartney and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2006 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1994, the National Space Transportation Policy laid the framework for appropriate government agencies to maintain strong launch systems and infrastructure while modernizing space transportation capabilities and encouraging cost reductions. More than a decade later, through combined Department of Defense (DoD) and industrial investment, the two Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) families of U.S. rockets (Atlas V and Delta IV) have proved to be maturing, reliable state-of-the-art technologies. In 2004, Congress directed the Secretary of Defense to establish a panel of experts with extensive space launch and operations background to address the future National Security Space launch requirements and the means of meeting those requirements. DoD selected RAND to facilitate and support this panel in its deliberations between May 2005 and May 2006. This report analyzes the National Security Space (NSS) Launch Requirements Panel's major findings and recommendations. In short, the Panel concludes that, because basic rocketry principles, use of chemically derived thrust, and multiple expendable stages seem certain to remain the design of choice for operational space launch vehicles, the EELV can satisfy all known and projected NSS requirements through 2020.
Download or read book Commercial Space Launch Services written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Access to Space Business and Policy Perspectives on Micro Launchers written by Matteo Tugnoli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an analysis of the dynamics of the global launch service market associated with small satellites, by placing a particular focus on its unfolding trends and future outlook. From an economic perspective, the emergence of numerous micro launcher initiatives on top of already existing launch solutions for small satellites raises questions about the specific nature and size of the small satellite market that will - or could - be addressed by these emerging launch services offerings. Identifying the specific features of such market by characterizing customers' expectations and providing a competitive analysis of the different launch solutions for small satellites is the second objective of this report. Finally, and from a policy perspective, the book reflects on whether such market could and should be handled on a purely private basis in the European context, or on the contrary generates relevant stakes that compels European institutional actors to become more actively involved in this domain.
Download or read book Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle DOD Needs to Ensure New Acquisition Strategy Is Based on Sufficient Information written by U. S. Government Office and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-25 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense's Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program is the primary provider of launch vehicles for U. S. military and intelligence satellites, as well as some civil and commercial satellites. The Department of Defense (DOD) and the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) plan to spend about $15 billion to acquire launch services from fiscal year 2013 to fiscal year 2017; however, the life-cycle costs for the program are unknown. In 2009, the Commander Air Force Space Command and the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) determined that the current approach for acquiring EELV launch vehicles was likely not the best business model and decided that a new acquisition strategy needed to be developed. In March 2011, the Secretary of the Air Force created a new executive position, the Program Executive Officer (PEO) for Space Launch, responsible for, among other things, spearheading the effort to finalize the new EELV acquisition strategy. To inform the strategy, DOD conducted or commissioned various studies to evaluate alternatives to the current program structure, assessing the U. S. government's access to space, analyzing options to leverage commercial and foreign capabilities, identifying possible cost reductions in the program, and evaluating the current business model. The new PEO for Space Launch states he is leading several recent and ongoing efforts to gain additional knowledge to inform the new acquisition strategy. Given anticipated changes in the acquisition strategy and potential changes in the broader launch landscape, we were asked to report on 1) whether DOD has the knowledge it needs to develop a new EELV acquisition strategy and 2) issues that could benefit future launch acquisitions. To address these objectives, we reviewed and analyzed information contained in five recent launch studies, and interviewed study leaders or participants in three of the five studies; we analyzed historical launch data and expected launch vehicle demand, and reviewed pas launch industry studies of the U. S. industrial base. We assess a supplier survey conducted by the EELV prime contractor of its subcontractors. The survey was used by the government to gauge the health of the U.S. industrial base. We reviewed the survey questionnaire, comparing methods to GAO sound survey development practices, comparing summary data to the questions asked, and interviewing and obtaining information and summary data from the surveyors. We also interviewed or obtained perspectives from launch officials in various military, intelligence, and civilian government agencies, as well as the EELV prime contractor and two commercial launch companies. Through our review of DOD launch studies and other relevant government and industry reports, our interviews with DOD, NASA, and contractor officials, and information obtained from NRO, we identified issues that may be important to current and future government launch acquisitions. We conducted this performance audit from September 2010 to September 2011 in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain sufficient, appropriate evidence to provide a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives. We believe that the evidence obtained provides a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives.
Download or read book Commercial Space Launch Act Implementation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Evolutionary Approach to Space Launch Commercialization written by Brian G. Chow and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study classifies launch contracts into three types: government (GLs), commercial (CLs) and commercial-like launches (CLLs). Contrary to a view that GLs are more reliable, it found that the launch reliabilities under all three types cannot be considered statistically different with 95 percent confidence. An analytic approach was developed to determine whether a particular government launch program should be procured commercially. The study recommends an evolutionary approach to space launch commercialization, starting with small launchers and then medium-lift launchers such as the Deltas and Atlases. Whether the Titan IVs should be commercialized in the future depends on how well the commercialization of medium-lift launchers fares. The study also recommends that the Department of Defense concentrate its new launcher development on the most commercially relevant range, which is the capability to lift 10,000 to 50,000 pounds of payload into low earth orbits. Other recommendations are related to the deletion of undesirable contract features and steps to strengthen launch competitiveness.
Download or read book Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle written by Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " DOD plans to spend about $19 billion to acquire launch services from fiscal year 2013 to fiscal year 2017, and total program costs through 2030 are expected to approach $35 billion. The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program launches satellites for military, intelligence, civil, and commercial customers. In 2011, the Air Force created a Program Executive Officer for Space Launch position, responsible for completing a new EELV acquisition strategy. GAO reported that the new strategy needed to be based on sufficient information, and made seven recommendations to further this goal. DOD finalized a new EELV acquisition strategy in November 2011. In the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress required DOD to describe how it had implemented each GAO recommendation, and GAO to assess that information. This report provides that assessment. GAO reviewed DOD's report and supporting information, program budgets, performance reports, and contracts. GAO examined recent defense industrial base studies, government audits of the prime contractor's business systems, independent engines cost assessments, and comparisons of historical and current launch manifests. GAO also interviewed or obtained perspectives from various launch officials and the prime contractor. "
