Download or read book Functionalization of Hyperbranched Polyacrylates by Radical Quenching written by Zewei Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hyperbranched polyesters have drawn great attention in many applications, including lubricants, paints, catalyst supports, and drug delivery. Similar to dendrimers, hyperbranched polymers have high branching densities which contribute to higher solubilities and lower viscosities as compared to linear polymers. Furthermore, they have a considerable amount of terminal functional groups throughout their structures, which contribute to their excellent ability to encapsulate molecules and act as a catalyst support. There are many publications on further grafting on hyperbranched polymers, but few reports on the modification of their end groups. This project concentrates on the synthesis of (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) derivatives which will be coupled to the bromine end groups of hyperbranched poly(n-butyl acrylate) by nitroxide radical coupling (NRC). The substituted functional groups include hydroxy, alkene, azido, cyano and nitro groups. TEMPO derivatives are being synthesized from 4-hydroxy TEMPO to form ester or ether by multiple coupling methods such as DCC coupling, mesylation, and alkoxidation. Further nitroxide mediated radical polymerizations may be carried out to modify the behavior of the polymers, mostly by addition of styrenes. The hyperbranched polymers are being synthesized by self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP) of a bromo acrylate inimer.

Download or read book Synthesis and Functionalization of Hyperbranched Poly methyl Methacrylate written by Chenying Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hyperbranched polymers have unique physical and chemical properties that make them interesting to people in both academia and industry. One way to make hyperbranched polymers is to use self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP). Hyperbranched polymethacrylates can be prepared from methacrylate inimers (inimers are monomers that contain both initiation and polymerizable groups) by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP). The methyl methacrylate inimer was synthesized by reacting the carboxylic acid group of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-2- methylpropionic acid with methacrylic acid and esterifying the alcohol group with methanol.4 This methyl methacrylate inimer was then polymerized under atom transfer radical polymerization conditions. Post-polymerization functionalization is often used to change and/or improve the properties of polymers. For hyperbranched polymers made by atom transfer radical polymerization, the halogen atoms (chlorine or bromine) remaining in the polymer backbone provide sites for post-polymerization functionalization. The halogen atoms in polymethacrylates are bonded to tertiary carbons, which are more hindered and less electrophilic than the halogen sites in hyperbranched polyacrylates, but are presumably more susceptible to cationic rearrangement. The hyperbranched poly(methyl methacrylate) is rearrangeable with heating and to give a primary bromine.

Download or read book Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polyacrylates Using Self condensing Vinyl Polymerization SCVP Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ATRP by Diverse Initiation Techniques in Aqueous Dispersed Systems written by Guillermina C. Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major thrust of polymer research in both industry and academia is being driven by the push for sustainable raw materials, environmentally friendly production processes and products that are biodegradable. Hyperbranched polyacrylates were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization by self-condensing vinyl polymerization (ATRP-SCVP) using a new class of inimers based on a naturally occurring amino acid, L-serine. The structure of these hyperbranched polyacrylates (HP) includes an ester group at the branch points and in the polymer backbone of many of the repeat units, which provide sites for biodegradation via hydrolysis. In contrast to previous studies, which were performed in bulk or solution and took long periods of time to reach high molecular weight (Mn), we synthesized our hyperbranched polyacrylate using emulsions and mainly miniemulsions polymerization techniques. This provides an environmentally friendly system, high number average molecular weight in the range of 105 to 106 Da, particle size distribution in the range of 50 to 500 nm, high functionality and high reactivity rate. The emulsion and/or miniemulsion conditions that were performed include normal ATRP, reverse ATRP, simultaneous reverse normal initiation SRNI-ATRP, and activator generated by electron transfer AGET-ATRP. The physical and chemical properties of the hyperbranched polyacrylates were studied in detail by 11H, and 13C 1D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The molecular weights were determined by gel permeation chromatography using light scattering (GPCLS) and reflactive index (GPCPSt) detectors. Thermal properties, such as glass transitions and melting temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry, and the morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Emulsions and miniemulsions that were sonicated in OMNOVA were analyzed by traditional test methods, including particle size average distribution (number and volume) by DLS (nanotrac), surface tension energy, pH, thermal transition, number average molecular weight Mn, weight average molecular weight Mw and molecular weight distribution (PDI). The rheological properties of these latexes were evaluated using a Brookfield viscometer. The presence of branching in the hyperbranched polyacrylates was analyzed using 2D NMR spectroscopy based on heterogeneous and homogenous techniques such as 1H-1H COSY, 1H-1H TCOSY, 1H-13C HMBC and 1H-13C HSQC NMR. Finally biodegradation studies from these samples were followed by degradation procedures previously reported in our group. This dissertation's results provided us with a better option to produce hyperbranched polyacrylates with a high degree of functionality, in a single-pot, in aqueous conditions controlling molecular weight, and particle size distribution maintained colloidal stable miniemulsions.

Download or read book Click Polymerization written by Anjun Qin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Click Polymerization has been edited by world renowned experts and provides an authoritative guide to this reaction type.

Download or read book Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature written by Richard G Jones and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009-01-19 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IUPAC system of polymer nomenclature has aided the generation of unambiguous names that re ect the historical development of chemistry. However, the explosion in the circulation of information and the globalization of human activities mean that it is now necessary to have a common language for use in legal situations, patents, export-import regulations, and environmental health and safety information. Rather than recommending a ‘unique name’ for each structure, rules have been developed for assigning ‘preferred IUPAC names’, while continuing to allow alternatives in order to preserve the diversity and adaptability of nomenclature. Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature is the only publication to collect the most important work on this subject into a single volume. It serves as a handy compendium for scientists and removes the need for time consuming literature searches. One of a series issued by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), it covers the terminology used in many and varied aspects of polymer science as well as the nomenclature of several di erent types of polymer including regular and irregular single-strand organic polymers, copolymers and regular double-strand (ladder and spiro) organic polymers.

Download or read book Macromolecular Syntheses written by Charles Gilbert Overberger and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an up-to-date collection of presentations and posters given at a tutorial and workshop sponsored by the Polymer Division of the American Chemical Society. The material included encompasses recent research results, overviews of critical areas and short presentations in the form of posters and preprints. The book is targeted at established workers in the field of fluoropolymers as well as those wishing to develop a quick understanding of current knowledge and trends in this important field.

Download or read book Principles of Polymerization written by George Odian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-02-09 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of a classic text and reference The large chains of molecules known as polymers are currently used in everything from "wash and wear" clothing to rubber tires to protective enamels and paints. Yet the practical applications of polymers are only increasing; innovations in polymer chemistry constantly bring both improved and entirely new uses for polymers onto the technological playing field. Principles of Polymerization, Fourth Edition presents the classic text on polymer synthesis, fully updated to reflect today's state of the art. New and expanded coverage in the Fourth Edition includes: * Metallocene and post-metallocene polymerization catalysts * Living polymerizations (radical, cationic, anionic) * Dendrimer, hyperbranched, brush, and other polymer architectures and assemblies * Graft and block copolymers * High-temperature polymers * Inorganic and organometallic polymers * Conducting polymers * Ring-opening polymer ization * In vivo and in vitro polymerization Appropriate for both novice and advanced students as well as professionals, this comprehensive yet accessible resource enables the reader to achieve an advanced, up-to-date understanding of polymer synthesis. Different methods of polymerization, reaction parameters for synthesis, molecular weight, branching and crosslinking, and the chemical and physical structure of polymers all receive ample coverage. A thorough discussion at the elementary level prefaces each topic, with a more advanced treatment following. Yet the language throughout remains straightforward and geared towards the student. Extensively updated, Principles of Polymerization, Fourth Edition provides an excellent textbook for today's students of polymer chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science, as well as a current reference for the researcher or other practitioner working in these areas.

Download or read book Polymer Colloids written by Rodney Priestley and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic and industrial research around polymer-based colloids is huge, driven both by the development of mature technologies, e.g. latexes for coatings, as well as the advancement of new materials and applications, such as building blocks for 2D/3D structures and medicine. Edited by two world-renowned leaders in polymer science and engineering, this is a fundamental text for the field. Based on a specialised course by the editors, this book provides the reader with an invaluable single source of reference. The first section describes formation, explaining basic properties of emulsions and dispersion polymerization, microfluidic approaches to produce polymer-based colloids and formation via directed self-assembly. The next section details characterisation methodologies from microscopy and small angle scattering, to surface science and simulations. The final chapters close with applications, including Pickering emulsions and molecular engineering for materials development. A comprehensive guide to polymer colloids, with contributions by leaders in their respective areas, this book is a must-have for researchers and practitioners working across polymers, soft matter and chemical and molecular engineering.

Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers written by Peter A. Williams and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and synthetic water soluble polymers are used in a wide range of familiar industrial and consumer products, including coatings and inks, papers, adhesives, cosmetics and personal care products. They perform a variety of functions without which these products would be significantly more expensive, less effective or both. Written for research, development and formulation chemists, technologists and engineers at graduate level and beyond in the fine and specialty chemicals, polymers, food and pharmaceutical industries, the Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers deals specifically with the functional properties of both natural and synthetic water soluble polymers. By taking a function based approach, rather than a “polymer specific” approach the book illustrates how polymer structure leads to effect, and shows how different polymer types can be employed to achieve appropriate product properties.

Download or read book Photoinitiators for Polymer Synthesis written by Jean-Pierre Fouassier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-02 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoinitiating systems for polymerization reactions are largely encountered in a variety of traditional and high-tech sectors, such as radiation curing, (laser) imaging, (micro)electronics, optics, and medicine. This book extensively covers radical and nonradical photoinitiating systems and is divided into four parts: * Basic principles in photopolymerization reactions * Radical photoinitiating systems * Nonradical photoinitiating systems * Reactivity of the photoinitiating system The four parts present the basic concepts of photopolymerization reactions, review all of the available photoinitiating systems and deliver a thorough description of the encountered mechanisms. A large amount of experimental and theoretical data has been collected herein. This book allows the reader to gain a clear understanding by providing a general discussion of the photochemistry and chemistry involved. The most recent and exciting developments, as well as the promising prospects for new applications, are outlined.

Download or read book Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Ashok Kakkar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term ‘miktoarm polymers’ refers to asymmetric branched macromolecules, a relatively new entry to the macromolecular field. Recent advances in their synthesis and intriguing supramolecular chemistry in a desired medium has seen a fast expansion of their applications. The composition of miktoarm polymers can be tailored and even pre-defined to allow a desired combination of functions, meaning polymer chemists can have complete control of the overall architecture of these macromolecules. By carefully selecting the composition, they can create supramolecular structures with intriguing properties, particularly for applications in biology. Miktoarm Star Polymers features chapters from experts actively working in this field, and provides the reader with a unique introduction to the fundamental principles of this exciting macromolecular system. Topics covered include the design, synthesis, characterization, self-assembly and applications of miktoarm polymers. The book is an excellent overview and up to date guide to those working in research in polymer chemistry, materials science, and polymers for medical applications.

Download or read book Functional Polymers by Post Polymerization Modification written by Patrick Theato and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-12 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In modern polymer science a variety of polymerization methods for the direct synthesis of polymers bearing functional groups are known. However, there is still a large number of functional groups that may either completely prevent polymerization or lead to side reactions. Post-polymerization modification, also known as polymer-analogous modification, is an alternative approach to overcome these limitations. It is based on the polymerization of monomers with functional groups that are inert towards the polymerization conditions but allow a quantitative conversion in a subsequent reaction step yielding a broad range of other functional groups. Thus, diverse libraries of functional polymers with identical average degrees of polymerization but variable side chain functionality may easily be generated. Filling the gap for a book dealing with synthetic strategies and recent developments, this volume provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the field of post-polymerization modification. As such, the international team of expert authors covers a wide range of topics, including new synthetic techniques utilizing different reactive groups for post-polymerization modifications with examples ranging from modification of biomimetic and biological polymers to modification of surfaces. With its guidelines this is an indispensable and interdisciplinary reference for scientists working in both academic and industrial polymer research.

Download or read book Polymer Synthesis Theory and Practice written by Dietrich Braun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-14 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first English edition of this book was pubUshed in 1971 with the late Prof. Dr. Werner Kern as coauthor. In 1997, for the preparation of the third edition, Prof. Dr. Helmut Ritter joined the team of authors and in 2001 Prof. Dr. Brigitte Voit and Prof. Dr. Matthias Rehahn complemented this team. The change in authors has not altered the basic concept of this 4th edition: again we were not aimed at compiling a comprehensive collection of recipes. In stead, we attempted to reach a broader description of the general methods and techniques for the synthesis, modification, and characterization of macromo- cules, supplemented by 105 selected and detailed experiments and by sufficient theoretical treatment so that no additional textbook be needed in order to under stand the experiments. In addition to the preparative aspects we have also tried to give the reader an impression of the relation of chemical structure and mor phology of polymers to their properties, as well as of areas of their application.

Download or read book Polymers for Biomedical Applications written by Anil Mahapatro and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2008-04-17 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on applications of polymers for biomedical applications has increased dramatically to find improved medical plastics for this rapidly evolving field. This book brings together various aspects of recent research and developments within academia and industry related to polymers for biomedical applications.

Download or read book Controlled and Living Polymerizations written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a highly prestigious and knowledgeable team of top scientists in the field, this book provides an overview of the current status of controlled/living polymerization, combining the synthetic, mechanistic and application-oriented aspects. From the contents: * Anionic Vinyl Polymerization * Carbocationic Polymerization * Radical Polymerization * Coordinative Polymerization of Olefins * Ring-Opening Polymerization of Heterocycles * Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization * Macromolecular Architectures * Complex Functional Macromolecules * Synthesis of Block and Graft Copolymers * Bulk and Solution Structures of Block Copolymers * Industrial Applications While some of the material is based on chapters taken from the four-volume work "Macromolecular Engineering", it is completely updated and rewritten to reflect the focus of this monograph. Must-have knowledge for polymer and organic chemists, plastics technologists, materials scientists and chemical engineers.

Download or read book Silicon in Polymer Synthesis written by H.R. Kricheldorf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon in Polymer Synthesis gives the first concise overview of silicon used for the synthesis and modification of polymers. The first section gives an introduction to the topic. The subsequent chapters detail the current status both from the basic research as well as from the industrial application points of view.

Download or read book Applications of Ionic Liquids in Polymer Science and Technology written by David Mecerreyes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the latest knowledge in the science and technology of ionic liquids and polymers in different areas. Ionic liquids (IL) are actively being investigated in polymer science and technology for a number of different applications. In the first part of the book the authors present the particular properties of ionic liquids as speciality solvents. The state-of-the art in the use of ionic liquids in polymer synthesis and modification reactions including polymer recycling is outlined. The second part focuses on the use of ionic liquids as speciality additives such as plasticizers or antistatic agents. The third part examines the use of ionic liquids in the design of functional polymers (usually called polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) or poly(ionic liquids)). Many important applications in diverse scientific and industrial areas rely on these polymers, like polymer electrolytes in electrochemical devices, building blocks in materials science, nanocomposites, gas membranes, innovative anion sensitive materials, smart surfaces, and a countless set range of emerging applications in different fields such as energy, optoelectronics, analytical chemistry, biotechnology, nanomedicine or catalysis.