Download or read book From Underdogs to Tigers written by Ashish Arora and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2005-03-03 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given that the software industry is commonly viewed as a high-tech industry, how is it that its spectacular growth has occurred in countries where high-tech industries would not seem likely to develop? This book examines the reasons behind this phenomenon, and asks whether it suggests a new model of economic development.

Download or read book From Underdogs to Tigers written by Ashish Arora and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-03-03 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980 the Indian software industry was practically non-existent. By the 1990s the industry was one of the largest employers in manufacturing. Similar patterns of growth can be found in other emerging economies. So given that the software industry is commonly viewed as a high-tech industry, how is it that such spectacular growth has occurred in countries where high-tech industries would not seem likely to develop? This book examines the reasons behind this phenomenon, and asks whether it suggests a new model of economic development. The contributors explore the implications of the rise of these newcomers to the software market for the global industry, and whether there are things to be learnt about the role of human capital in economic growth, firm formation and capabilities, business and managerial models, and industry structure. Chapters include country studies on Brazil, China, India, Ireland, and Israel, and are complemented by cross-cutting chapters on some of the key issues highlighted by the growth patterns of software in these nations, most notably the role of the multinational companies, the globalization of the skilled worker flows, and the formation of firm capabilities. The novelty of the growth patterns in the regions that studied makes this book useful for understanding analytical and empirical issues underlying new microfoundations of economic growth in some emerging regions of the world.

Download or read book From Underdogs to Tigers written by Ashish Arora and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-06-22 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980 the Indian software industry was practically non-existent. By the 1990s the industry was one of the largest employers in manufacturing. Similar patterns of growth can be found in other emerging economies. So given that the software industry is commonly viewed as a high-tech industry, how is it that such spectacular growth has occurred in countries where high-tech industries would not seem likely to develop? This book examines the reasons behind this phenomenon, and asks whether it suggests a new model of economic development. The contributors explore the implications of the rise of these newcomers to the software market for the global industry, and whether there are things to be learnt about the role of human capital in economic growth, firm formation and capabilities, business and managerial models, and industry structure.

Download or read book How Immigrants Impact Their Homelands written by Susan Eva Eckstein and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How Immigrants Impact Their Homelands examines the range of economic, social, and cultural impacts immigrants have had, both knowingly and unknowingly, in their home countries. The book opens with overviews of the ways migrants become agents of homeland development. The essays that follow focus on the varied impacts immigrants have had in China, India, Cuba, Mexico, the Philippines, Mozambique, and Turkey. One contributor examines the role Indians who worked in Silicon Valley played in shaping the structure, successes, and continued evolution of India's IT industry. Another traces how Salvadoran immigrants extend U.S. gangs and their brutal violence to El Salvador and neighboring countries. The tragic situation in Mozambique of economically desperate émigrés who travel to South Africa to work, contract HIV while there, and infect their wives upon their return is the subject of another essay. Taken together, the essays show the multiple ways countries are affected by immigration. Understanding these effects will provide a foundation for future policy reforms in ways that will strengthen the positive and minimize the negative effects of the current mobile world. Contributors. Victor Agadjanian, Boaventura Cau, José Miguel Cruz, Susan Eva Eckstein, Kyle Eischen, David Scott FitzGerald, Natasha Iskander, Riva Kastoryano, Cecilia Menjívar, Adil Najam, Rhacel Salazar Parreñas, Alejandro Portes, Min Ye

Download or read book Innovation Policy and the Economy written by Adam B. Jaffe and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading economists present current research on the impact of public policy on the innovation process, highlighting the role that economic analysis can play in evaluating policy alternatives.

Download or read book Brookings Trade Forum 2005 written by Susan M. Collins and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2006-03-16 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tentative contents include: •Offshoring: Threats and Opportunities Daniel Trefler (University of Toronto) •Modeling the Offshoring of White-Collar Services: From Comparative Advantage to the New Theories of Trade and FDI James Markusen (University of Colorado) •Globalization and the Outsourcing of Services: The Impact of Indian Offshoring Rafiq Dossani (Stanford University) •Offshoring in the Semiconductor Industry: A Historical Perspective Clair Brown and Greg Linden (University of California, Berkeley) •A Fairer Deal For America's Workers in a New Era of Offshoring Lael Brainard and Robert Litan (Brookings Institution and the Kauffman Foundation)

Download or read book Innovation in Global Industries written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-05-12 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate over offshoring of production, transfer of technological capabilities, and potential loss of U.S. competitiveness is a long-running one. Prevailing thinking is that "the world is flat"â€"that is, innovative capacity is spreading uniformly; as new centers of manufacturing emerge, research and development and new product development follow. Innovation in Global Industries challenges this thinking. The book, a collection of individually authored studies, examines in detail structural changes in the innovation process in 10 service as well as manufacturing industries: personal computers; semiconductors; flat-panel displays; software; lighting; biotechnology; pharmaceuticals; financial services; logistics; and venture capital. There is no doubt that overall there has been an acceleration in global sourcing of innovation and an emergence of new locations of research capacity and advanced technical skills, but the patterns are highly variable. Many industries and some firms in nearly all industries retain leading-edge capacity in the United States. However, the book concludes that is no reason for complacency about the future outlook. Innovation deserves more emphasis in firm performance measures and more sustained support in public policy. Innovation in Global Industries will be of special interest to business people and government policy makers as well as professors, students, and other researchers of economics, management, international affairs, and political science.

Download or read book Economic Development as a Learning Process written by Franco Malerba and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, economists studying economic development have tended to consider it as a universal process, or focussed their attention on common aspects. This book originates from the growing recognition of significant sectoral differences in economic development and examines the catching-up process in five different economic sectors: pharmaceuticals, telecommunications equipment, semiconductors, software, and agro-food industries. Each of these sector studies explore the learning and catch-up processes in various developing countries, in order to identify both the common features, and those which differ significantly across sectors and nations. The authors pay particular attention to China, India, Brazil, Korea and Taiwan. Edited by two of the leading scholars in the field, this book will prove to be invaluable for academics and postgraduate students interested in economic and technological development, and evolutionary economics.

Download or read book Sustaining India s Growth Miracle written by Jagdish N. Bhagwati and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-06 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economy of India is growing at a rate of 8 percent per year, and its exports of goods and services have more than doubled in the past three years. Considering these trends, economists, scholars, and political leaders across the globe are beginning to wonder whether India's growth can be sustained. The contributors to this volume analyze the forces behind India's emerging role as a world economic player and identify the hidden weaknesses that, if unaddressed, may slow the country's growth. Chapters suggest how to transform India's primarily rural population into a gainfully employed modern sector; methods to achieve fiscal sustainability and consolidation; infrastructure bottlenecks, especially in terms of finite energy resources; and, given the country's complex electoral government and global political position, the obstacles toward effecting policy reform. Sustaining India's Growth Miracle is a valuable resource for practitioners, policymakers, students, and scholars. It tackles issues from political, economic, and academic perspectives, and the concluding chapter, a talk given by the commerce and industry minister of India, discusses the country's position as a world power, outlining several reasons for its success and exploring the difficulties that lie ahead.

Download or read book Resilience Crisis and Innovation Dynamics written by Tüzin Baycan and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilience has emerged as a recurrent notion to explain how territorial socio-economic systems adapt successfully (or not) to negative events. In this book, the authors use resilience as a bridging notion to connect different types of theoretical and empirical approaches to help understand the impacts of economic turbulence at the system and actor levels. The book provides a unique overview of the financial crisis and the important dimension of innovation dynamics for regional resilience. It also offers an engaging debate as to how regional resilience can be improved and explores the social aspects of vulnerability, resilience and innovation.

Download or read book From Mainframes to Smartphones written by Martin Campbell-Kelly and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compact history traces the computer industry from its origins in 1950s mainframes, through the establishment of standards beginning in 1965 and the introduction of personal computing in the 1980s. It concludes with the Internet’s explosive growth since 1995. Across these four periods, Martin Campbell-Kelly and Daniel Garcia-Swartz describe the steady trend toward miniaturization and explain its consequences for the bundles of interacting components that make up a computer system. With miniaturization, the price of computation fell and entry into the industry became less costly. Companies supplying different components learned to cooperate even as they competed with other businesses for market share. Simultaneously with miniaturization—and equally consequential—the core of the computer industry shifted from hardware to software and services. Companies that failed to adapt to this trend were left behind. Governments did not turn a blind eye to the activities of entrepreneurs. The U.S. government was the major customer for computers in the early years. Several European governments subsidized private corporations, and Japan fostered R&D in private firms while protecting its domestic market from foreign competition. From Mainframes to Smartphones is international in scope and broad in its purview of this revolutionary industry.

Download or read book Promoting Silicon Valleys in Latin America written by Luciano Ciravegna and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spectacular economic performance of China, East Asia and India during the last ten years has ignited some profound changes in the world economy. The share of global demand, investments, trade and production of the traditional industrialized powers, the US, Europe and Japan, has gradually yet continuously declined. This rise of China also has implications for Latin America. On the one hand, booming Chinese demand for raw materials and food has sustained the economic performance of Latin America during the last decade. On the other hand, the competitiveness of China and as a hub for advanced manufacturing is threatening Latin America’s attempt to diversify its economy from its dependence on the export of natural resource-based goods. Most Latin American countries are not however waiting passively for their economies to become ever more reliant on high prices for food, minerals and oil. Leveraging the economic and political stability that they achieved during the last decades, many countries in the region, such as Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Uruguay, are attempting to capture the growing market for knowledge intensive products and services by breeding their own Silicon Valleys. This book discusses the promotion of ICT clusters in Latin America by analyzing the development of the Costa Rican cluster in particular, an often celebrated case of successful policy in the region. Costa Rica, a small country traditionally known for its coffee and wildlife, managed to build an information technology cluster within ten years, becoming the leading producer of ICT per capita in Latin America. Studying the Costa Rican case provides a solid starting point for understanding the challenges of building ICT clusters in Latin America.

Download or read book Indian and Chinese Enterprises written by N S Siddharthan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2010. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Download or read book Technological Revolutions and the Periphery written by Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-13 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the uneven propagation of technological revolutions, investigating the roots of this phenomenon in the absorptive capabilities that are built by countries and regions at the periphery. To understand this global process, this book looks to two dimensions: time and geography. Temporally, the book follows the sequence of technological revolutions in the last 250 years. With regard to geography, the book studies five different regions at the periphery—China, India, Africa, Russia and Latin America—to understand how they differ in the institutional processes that shape their absorptive capabilities. Focusing on each technological revolution and its impact on those five peripheric regions, the chapters illustrate how each region coped with each shock wave emanating from the center. Providing a truly global outlook of a complex system with a dynamic nature, this book will be of interest to researchers and students of development economics, the economics of innovation, evolutionary economics, and the economics of science and technology.

Download or read book Business Networks in Clusters and Industrial Districts written by Fiorenza Belussi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980s the Marshallian concept of industrial district (ID) became widely popular due to the resurgence of interest in the reasons that make the agglomeration of specialised industries a territorial phenomenon worth being analysed. The analysis of clusters and IDs has often been limited, considering only the local dimension of the created business networks. The external links of these systems have been systematically under-evaluated. This book offers a deep insight into the evolution of these systems and the internal-external mechanism of knowledge circulation and learning. This means that the access to external knowledge (information or R&D cooperative research) or to productive networks (global supply chains) is studied in order to describe how external knowledge is absorbed and how local clusters or districts become global systems. It provides a unified approach; showing that existing capabilities expand when locally embedded knowledge is combined with accessible external knowledge. In this view, external knowledge linkages reduce the danger of cognitive ‘lock-in’ and ‘over-embeddedness’, which may become important obstacles to local learning and innovation when technological trajectories and global economic conditions change. A selection of international experts

Download or read book A Profile of the Software Industry written by Sandra A. Slaughter and published by Business Expert Press. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software plays a critical role in today’s global information economy. It runs the computers, networks, and devices that enable countless products and services. Software varies in size from vast enterprise and communications systems like the enormous enterprise resource planning system from SAP to the tiny app Angry Birds. This book offers a profile of the software industry and the companies in the industry. It describes the primary products and services produced; reviews its history; explains how the industry is structured; discusses its economics and competitive environment; and examines important trends and issues including globalization, workforce, regulation, and the emergence of new software business models. Software runs the computers and networks that support the flow of information in the global economy, and this book provides a real look at the intricacies of this industry.

Download or read book The New International Division of Labour written by Guido Starosta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book revisits the debate over the new international division of labour (NIDL) that dominated discussions in international political economy and development studies until the early 1990s. It submits that a revised NIDL thesis can shed light on the specificities of capitalist development in various parts of the world today. Taken together, the contributions amount to a novel value-theoretical approach to understanding the NIDL. This rests upon the distinction between the global economic content that determines the constitution and dynamics of the NIDL and the evolving national political forms that mediate its development. More specifically, the authors argue that uneven development is an expression of the underlying essential unity of the production of relative surplus-value on a world scale. They substantiate and illustrate this argument through several international case studies, including Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Ireland, South Korea, Spain and Venezuela.