Download or read book From DNA Damage and Stress Signalling to Cell Death written by Gilbert de Murcia and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides an overview of the physiological role of poly ADP-ribose polymerase in the cell. Its major function is to protect the genome from damage and it therefore has pharmaceutical potential.

Download or read book Chemically Induced DNA Damage Mutagenesis and Cancer written by Ashis K. Basu and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-08-27 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue " Chemically-Induced DNA Damage, Mutagenesis, and Cancer" that was published in IJMS

Download or read book Poly ADP Ribosyl ation written by Alexander Bürkle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference on this post-translational modification of proteins, which is intimately linked with DNA repair, maintenance of genomic stability, transcriptional regulation, cell death and a variety of other cellular phenomena as well as with a variety of pathophysiological conditions, including ischemia-reperfusion damage, Parkinson’s disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, hemorrhagic and septic shock and other inflammatory conditions. Richly illustrated, it offers 19 chapters written by international experts.

Download or read book Proceedings From ACCM19 Cell Cycle DNA Damage Response and Telomeres written by Andrew Burgess and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book The DNA Damage Response Implications on Cancer Formation and Treatment written by Kum Kum Khanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ?eld of cellular responses to DNA damage has attained widespread recognition and interest in recent years commensurate with its fundamental role in the ma- tenance of genomic stability. These responses, which are essential to preventing cellular death or malignant transformation, are organized into a sophisticated s- tem designated the “DNA damage response”. This system operates in all living organisms to maintain genomic stability in the face of constant attacks on the DNA from a variety of endogenous by-products of normal metabolism, as well as exogenous agents such as radiation and toxic chemicals in the environment. The response repairs DNA damage via an intricate cellular signal transduction network that coordinates with various processes such as regulation of DNA replication, tr- scriptional responses, and temporary cell cycle arrest to allow the repair to take place. Defects in this system result in severe genetic disorders involving tissue degeneration, sensitivity to speci?c damaging agents, immunode?ciency, genomic instability, cancer predisposition and premature aging. The ?nding that many of the crucial players involved in DNA damage response are structurally and functionally conserved in different species spurred discoveries of new players through similar analyses in yeast and mammals. We now understand the chain of events that leads to instantaneous activation of the massive cellular responses to DNA lesions. This book summarizes several new concepts in this rapidly evolving ?eld, and the advances in our understanding of the complex network of processes that respond to DNA damage.

Download or read book DNA damage mediated Remodeling of Normal and Tumor Microenvironments Modulates Cell Survival written by Luke Andrew Gilbert and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemotherapeutic regimens involve the systemic administration of genotoxic compounds that induce cancer cell death via well-established DNA damage response signaling networks. While modern chemotherapeutic regimens can be curative, chemotherapeutic drug resistance remains a major clinical problem. This drug resistance can be cancer cell intrinsic or extrinsic. Mechanisms of cancer cell intrinsic drug resistance include apoptotic defects, DNA repair mechanisms, drug efflux pumps, and cell cycle defects. Less well understood is how cancer cell extrinsic drug resistance occurs and whether this process is modulated by DNA damage associated with chemotherapy. Here, I have used the E[mu]-myc lymphoma model to study cancer cell extrinsic drug resistance. In this model, I see that certain tumor microenvironments such as the thymus are chemoresistant and that DNA damage in thymic endothelial cells induces an acute secretory response that promotes lymphoma cell chemotherapeutic resistance. Mechanistically, DNA damage induces the rapid activation of a p38-dependent stress response in endothelial cells resulting in the acute release of many proteins including IL-6 and Timp-1. Together these two proteins promote lymphoma cell resistance to apoptosis through the induction of Bcl-XL. While this acute secretory response includes some of the same secreted proteins as the senescenceassociated secretory phenotype it differs substantially in both kinetics and mechanism suggesting the two are distinct cellular processes. Furthermore, we see in these chemoresistant microenvironments that drug response requires activation of death-receptor-activated apoptosis suggesting an unexpected complexity to therapeutic response in drug-resistant tumor microenvironments. Thus, local pro-survival signaling may present a fundamental barrier to tumor clearance by genotoxic agents, suggesting that effective treatments need to target both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Long-lived metazoans have evolved complex mechanisms of tissue protection and repair. To better understand the physiological importance of secretory phenotypes in response to sterile injuries such as DNA damage, we investigated whether IL-6 promotes progenitor cell survival and tissue repair. Here, I have identified a role for the acute DNA-damage-mediated secretory phenotype in the protection of hematopoietic stem cells and in thymic regeneration. Together these observations suggest that tissue repair and response to chemotherapy can be similar processes with different therapeutic windows.

Download or read book Holland Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates

Download or read book Protein Phosphorylation in Human Health written by Cai Huang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 15 chapters on protein phosphorylation and human health written by expert scientists. Covers most important research hot points, such as Akt, AMPK and mTOR. Bridges the basic protein phosphorylation pathways with human health and diseases. Detailed and comprehensive text with excellent figure illustration.

Download or read book Molecular mechanisms of cellular stress responses in cancer and their therapeutic implications written by Megan Chircop and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-06 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to stress, cells can activate a myriad of signalling pathways to bring about a specific cellular outcome, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, senescence and apoptosis. This response is pivotal for tumour suppression as all of these outcomes result in restriction of the growth and/or elimination of damaged and pre-malignant cells. Thus, a large number of anti-cancer agents target specific components of stress response signalling pathways with the aim of causing tumour regression by stimulating cell death. However, the efficacy of these agents is often impaired due to mutations in genes that are involved in these stress-responsive signalling pathways and instead the oncogenic potential of a cell is increased leading to the initiation and/or progression of tumourigenesis. Moreover, these genetic defects can increase or contribute to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and/or radiotherapy. Modulating the outcome of cellular stress responses towards cell death in tumour cells without affecting surrounding normal cells is thus one of the ultimate aims in the development of new cancer therapeutics. To achieve this aim, a detailed understanding of cellular stress response pathways and their aberrations in cancer is required. This Research topic aims to reflect the broadness and complexity of this important area of cancer research.

Download or read book Free Radical Induced DNA Damage and Its Repair written by Clemens von Sonntag and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-02 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The free-radical chemistry of DNA had been discussed in some detail in 1987 in my book The Chemical Basis of Radiation Biology. Obviously, the more recent developments and the concomitant higher level of understanding of mechanistic details are missing. Moreover, in the living cell, free-radical DNA damage is not only induced by ionizing radiation, but free-radical-induced DNA damage is a much more general phenomenon. It was, therefore, felt that it is now timely to review our present knowledge of free-radical-induced DNA damage induced by all conceivable free-radical-generating sources. Originally, it had been thought to include also a very important aspect, the repair of DNA damage by the cell’s various repair enzymes. Kevin Prise (Cancer Campaign, Gray Laboratory, L- don) was so kind to agree to write this part. However, an adequate description of this strongly expanding area would have exceeded the allocated space by much, and this section had to be omitted. The directors of the Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie (now MPI für Bioanorganische Chemie), Karl Wieghardt and Wolfgang Lubitz, kindly allowed me to continue to use its facilities after my retirement in 2001. Notably, our - brarian, Mrs. Jutta Theurich, and her right-hand help, Mrs. Rosemarie Schr- er, were most helpful in getting hold of the literature. I thank them very much. Without their constant help, this would have been very difficult indeed.

Download or read book Cell Death Regulation in Health and Disease Part B written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Death Regulation in Health and Disease - Part B, Volume 352, the latest release in the International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, reviews and details current advances in cell and molecular biology. Chapters in this updated release include Regulation of cell death signaling in insects, Bcl-2 family proteins, Cell death signaling in prokaryotes, Parthanatos in neurodegenerative diseases, Cell death regulation in yeast, Mutual regulation of autophagy and necroptosis, Therapeutic inhibition of cell death by autophagy induction, and Necroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases. - Provides a comprehensive collection of front-of-the line research in the field of cell death regulation - Authored by established and active cell and molecular biologists drawn from international sources - Presents only invited review articles, covering selected topics in many different organisms and disease settings

Download or read book Environmental Damage to DNA and the Protective Effects of Phytochemicals written by Bechan Sharma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Damage to DNA and the Protective Effects of Phytochemicals provides information on the toxicity of natural as well as synthetic chemicals in the living systems. These can lead to DNA damage and the emergence of serious consequences or manifestations causing varied health hazards. In addition, the ten chapters of the book reflect on the possible applications of plants or plant extracts to impart protection for living cells from the xenobiotics-mediated DNA damage. The book offers comprehensive coverage of the many essential topics in the subject including: Environmental factors and DNA damage Molecular mechanisms associated with DNA damage by various environmental (Physical, Chemical and Biological) factors Synergistic effects of environmental factors Phytochemicals acting both as DNA protectants and genotoxicants Experimental models for the study of the genotoxic potential of environmental factors and protection by phytochemicals This book connects readers who possess a life sciences background to the current understanding, concept and mechanisms involved in environmental-factors-mediated DNA damage. Scientific terms are introduced, defined, described and placed appropriately in the text. The protective effect of some plant extracts/phytochemicals has also been included. Environmental Damage to DNA and the Protective Effects of Phytochemicals is intended to cater the need of BSc, MSc and research students who are striving to discover the mechanism(s) associated with protection of DNA by plant-based chemicals. This is the first edition of our book and the valuable suggestions and comments from the readers are solicited.

Download or read book Necrotic Cell Death written by Han-Ming Shen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-29 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting with discussion of basic concepts and the molecular mechanisms of necrosis, this book looks first at several forms of necrotic cell death that have been identified, including necroptosis, autophagic cell death, and PARP-mediated cell death. As necrotic cell death is increasingly known to play a critical role in many physiological processes, the next chapters discuss its effect on metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and development. Necrotic cell death is closely implicated in human diseases like cancer, so the next chapters examine its relevance to human diseases, and final chapters cover methodologies for measuring necrosis. This book presents comprehensive coverage of necrosis from recognized experts from leading academic and medical institutions around the world. ​In contrast to apoptosis, well-defined as a form of programmed cell death, necrosis used to be considered as accidental (i.e., non-programmed) cell death, usually in response to a severe injury. Accumulating evidence now suggests, however, that necrosis is also programmed and controlled by distinctive "death machinery" in response to various stimuli like oxidative stress or DNA damage.

Download or read book DNA Damage Oxidative Stress and Related Metabolic By Products in Cancer and Environmental Studies written by Marco E. M. Peluso and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which uses numerical analysis to predict and model complex flow behaviors and transport processes, has become a mainstream tool in engineering process research and development. Complex chemical processes often involve coupling between dynamics at vastly different length and time scales, as well as coupling of different physical models. The multiscale and multiphysics nature of those problems calls for delicate modeling approaches. This book showcases recent contributions in this field, from the development of modeling methodology to its application in supporting the design, development, and optimization of engineering processes.

Download or read book Maintenance of Genome Integrity DNA Damage Sensing Signaling Repair and Replication in Plants written by Alma Balestrazzi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental stresses and metabolic by-products can severely affect the integrity of genetic information by inducing DNA damage and impairing genome stability. As a consequence, plant growth and productivity are irreversibly compromised. To overcome genotoxic injury, plants have evolved complex strategies relying on a highly efficient repair machinery that responds to sophisticated damage perception/signaling networks. The DNA damage signaling network contains several key components: DNA damage sensors, signal transducers, mediators, and effectors. Most of these components are common to other eukaryotes but some features are unique to the plant kingdom. ATM and ATR are well-conserved members of PIKK family, which amplify and transduce signals to downstream effectors. ATM primarily responds to DNA double strand breaks while ATR responds to various forms of DNA damage. The signals from the activated transducer kinases are transmitted to the downstream cell-cycle regulators, such as CHK1, CHK2, and p53 in many eukaryotes. However, plants have no homologue of CHK1, CHK2 nor p53. The finding of Arabidopsis transcription factor SOG1 that seems functionally but not structurally similar to p53 suggests that plants have developed unique cell cycle regulation mechanism. The double strand break repair, recombination repair, postreplication repair, and lesion bypass, have been investigated in several plants. The DNA double strand break, a most critical damage for organisms are repaired non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Damage on template DNA makes replication stall, which is processed by translesion synthesis (TLS) or error-free postreplication repair (PPR) pathway. Deletion of the error-prone TLS polymerase reduces mutation frequencies, suggesting PPR maintains the stalled replication fork when TLS is not available. Unveiling the regulation networks among these multiple pathways would be the next challenge to be completed. Some intriguing issues have been disclosed such as the cross-talk between DNA repair, senescence and pathogen response and the involvement of non-coding RNAs in global genome stability. Several studies have highlighted the essential contribution of chromatin remodeling in DNA repair DNA damage sensing, signaling and repair have been investigated in relation to environmental stresses, seed quality issues, mutation breeding in both model and crop plants and all these studies strengthen the idea that components of the plant response to genotoxic stress might represent tools to improve stress tolerance and field performance. This focus issue gives researchers the opportunity to gather and interact by providing Mini-Reviews, Commentaries, Opinions, Original Research and Method articles which describe the most recent advances and future perspectives in the field of DNA damage sensing, signaling and repair in plants. A comprehensive overview of the current progresses dealing with the genotoxic stress response in plants will be provided looking at cellular and molecular level with multidisciplinary approaches. This will hopefully bring together valuable information for both plant biotechnologists and breeders.

Download or read book Apoptosis Cell Signaling and Human Diseases written by Rakesh Srivastava and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-05 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apoptosis, Cell Signaling, and Human Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms, Volumes 1 and 2, present a concise synthesis of recent developments in the understanding of both cell survival and apoptotic pathways. Particular attention is given to apoptosis in human diseases, such as different forms of cancer. These comprehensive volumes integrate the most innovative and current findings. The contributors are at the forefront of scientific discovery.

Download or read book Stress Response Pathways in Cancer written by Georg T. Wondrak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-07 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now established that dysregulated cell stress response pathways play a critical role in tumorigenesis, and a refined mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon at the molecular level promises to open new avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies that may benefit cancer patients in the near future. Coauthored by recognized leaders in cancer research from five continents, this novel book provides a comprehensive perspective on cell stress response pathways and therapeutic opportunities. Focusing on the role of genotoxic, proteotoxic, oxidative, metabolic, and inflammatory stress in tumorigenesis, the book is essential reading for students, basic researchers, and biomedical health care professionals interested in cancer and therapeutic development.