Download or read book Framing War and Genocide written by Gregory Kent and published by Hampton Press (NJ). This book was released on 2006 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive research into the and newspaper framing of the Bosnian war. The issues and questions addressed include the critical use of official sources and propaganda in journalism; how media and policymakers interact to detect and frame problems for policy action; and what factors limit the accurate reporting of war.
Download or read book Framing Genocide written by Bala A. Musa and published by Academica Press,LLC. This book was released on 2007 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides needed historical, theoretical and practical insight to recent and current trends in conflict reporting and management. It expands the literature on framing theory in relation to conflict perception, interpretation and management from mass media and policy perspectives.
Download or read book Naming and Framing written by Todd Landman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the 'corrective' effects of different framings of the same historical event through a controlled experiment using the case of the 2013 domestic trial against former leader of Guatemala General Ríos Montt. The experiment uses video footage, commentary on the trial from international news media and a research design with one control group and two treatment groups across a total of 156 participants. The results of the project show that additional 'civil war' and 'international human rights law' treatments have an impact on how respondents feel about the guilty verdict of the trial, even after controlling for socio-economic attributes and ideological perspectives. These differential results have direct bearing on how human rights events are portrayed and analysed, and by extension, how advocacy efforts from human rights activists can benefit from appropriate framing of events.
Download or read book Framing Africa written by Nigel Eltringham and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2013-06-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first decade of the 21st century has seen a proliferation of North American and European films that focus on African politics and society. While once the continent was the setting for narratives of heroic ascendancy over self (The African Queen, 1951; The Snows of Kilimanjaro, 1952), military odds (Zulu, 1964; Khartoum, 1966) and nature (Mogambo, 1953; Hatari!,1962; Born Free, 1966; The Last Safari, 1967), this new wave of films portrays a continent blighted by transnational corruption (The Constant Gardener, 2005), genocide (Hotel Rwanda, 2004; Shooting Dogs, 2006), ‘failed states’ (Black Hawk Down, 2001), illicit transnational commerce (Blood Diamond, 2006) and the unfulfilled promises of decolonization (The Last King of Scotland, 2006). Conversely, where once Apartheid South Africa was a brutal foil for the romance of East Africa (Cry Freedom, 1987; A Dry White Season, 1989), South Africa now serves as a redeemed contrast to the rest of the continent (Red Dust, 2004; Invictus, 2009). Writing from the perspective of long-term engagement with the contexts in which the films are set, anthropologists and historians reflect on these films and assess the contemporary place Africa holds in the North American and European cinematic imagination.
Download or read book Framing post Cold War conflicts written by Philip Hammond and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-30 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of the Cold War there have been many competing ideas about how to explain contemporary conflicts, and about how the West should respond to them. This study examines how the media interpret conflicts and international interventions, testing the sometimes contradictory claims that have been made about recent coverage of war. Framing post-Cold War conflicts takes a comparative approach, examining UK press coverage across six different crises. Through detailed analysis of news content, it seeks to identify the dominant themes in explaining the post-Cold War international order, and to discover how far the patterns established prior to 11 September 2001 have subsequently changed. Based on extensive original research, the book includes case studies of two ‘humanitarian military interventions’ (in Somalia and Kosovo), two instances where Western governments were condemned for not intervening enough (Bosnia and Rwanda), and the post-9/11 interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Download or read book Human Rights and Humanitarian Norms Strategic Framing and Intervention written by Melissa Labonte and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-03 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human rights and humanitarian landscape of the modern era has been littered with acts that have shocked the moral conscience of mankind, and there has been wide variation in whether, how, and to what degree states respond to mass atrocity crimes, even when they share similar characteristics. In many cases concerned states responded, either through moral suasion; gentle or coercive diplomacy; or other non-forcible measures, to prevent or halt the indiscriminate human rights violations that were occurring. In others, states simply turned away and left the vulnerable to their fate. And still yet in other cases, states responded robustly, using military force to stop the atrocities and save lives. This book seeks to examine the effects of strategic framing in U.S. and UN policy arenas to draw conclusions regarding whether and how the human rights and humanitarian norms embedded within such frames resonated with decision-makers and, in turn, how they shaped variation in levels of political will concerning humanitarian intervention in three cases that today would qualify as Responsibility to Protect (R2P) cases: Somalia, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone. Labonte concludes that in order for humanitarian interventions to stand a higher likelihood of being effective, states advocating in support of such actions must find a way to persuade policymakers by appealing to both the logic of consequences (which rely on material and pragmatic considerations) and logic of appropriateness (which rely on normatively appropriate considerations) – and strategic framing may be one path to achieve this outcome. Offering a detailed and examination of three key cases and providing some an original and important contribution to the field this work will be of great interest to students and scholars alike.
Download or read book Framing Disinterest written by David Patrick and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis engages with popular responses to different occurrences of genocide in the twentieth century. Utilising a comparative approach, and engaging predominantly with quality newspaper sources, this research aims to show how the crime of genocide was described, discussed and debated at various instances between 1945 and 1995. Chapter two discusses the response in Britain and the United States to the horrific discoveries following the liberation of the Nazi concentration camps in April and May 1945, highlighting the shock and disbelief which accompanied these revelations. Chapter three then builds on this to provide an overview of the various popular mediums which contributed to an increase in Holocaust awareness in the half-century following the end of the Second World War. Focusing on various pop-culture developments, the manner in which the Holocaust became so widely recognised and appreciated within the Anglo-American world is also discussed in relation to the impact this process had on overall notions of genocide as a concept in the popular imagination. Chapters four and five form the analytical core of this thesis, engaging with the way in which the Bosnian war (1992-1995) and the Rwandan genocide (1994) were covered by a selection of eight Anglo-American newspapers. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, these chapters highlight how these two occurrences of mass violence were framed during a period in which knowledge of the Holocaust had reached something of a peak. The findings from these chapters are then invoked within the concluding section towards a wider discussion of why the general response to genocide in the 1990s was markedly different from that recorded in 1945, with the possibility of a process of desensitisation to this crime (a development due, in part, to the position of the Holocaust within the Anglo-American conscience) being cited as a key factor in this process.
Download or read book Media Accuracy and the Effects of Framing in Distant Crises written by Gregory Kent and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Warped Narratives written by Melissa Kate Merry and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The politics of gun policy in the United States are dramatic. Against the backdrop of daily gun violence—which claims more than 33,000 lives per year—gun control groups push for stronger regulations, while gun rights groups resist infringements upon their Second Amendment rights. To illuminate the dynamics of this polarized debate, Warped Narratives examines how and why interest groups frame the gun violence problem in particular ways, exploring the implication of groups’ framing choices for policymaking and politics. Melissa K. Merry argues that the gun policy arena is warped, and that both gun control and gun rights organizations contribute to the distortion of the issue by focusing on atypical characters and settings in their policy narratives. Gun control groups emphasize white victims, child victims, and mass shootings in suburban locales, while gun rights groups focus on self-defense shootings, highlighting threats to “law-abiding” gun owners. In reality, most gun deaths are the result of suicide. Homicides occur disproportionately in urban areas, mainly affecting racial minorities. While warping makes political sense in the short term, it may lead to negative, long-term consequences, including constraints on groups’ ability to build broad-based coalitions and to reduce prospects for compromise. To demonstrate warping, Merry analyzes nearly 67,000 communications by 15 national gun policy groups between 2000 and 2017 collected from blogs, emails, Facebook posts, and press releases. This book is the first to systematically assess the role of race in gun policy groups’ framing and offers the most comprehensive examination to date of interest groups’ presentation of this issue.
Download or read book Kill the Messenger written by Maria Armoudian and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2011-08-23 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wide-ranging, insightful book will make readers keenly aware of the media’s power, while underscoring the role that we all play in fostering a media climate that cultivates a greater sense of humanity, cooperation, and fulfillment of human potential. What role do the media have in creating the conditions for atrocities such as occurred in Rwanda? Conversely, can the media be used to preserve democracy and safeguard the human rights of all citizens in a diverse society? How will the media, now global in scope, affect the fate of the planet itself? The author explores these intriguing questions and more in this in-depth examination of the media’s power to either help or harm. She begins by documenting how the media were used to spread a contagion of hate in three deadly conflicts: Rwanda, Nazi Germany, and the former Yugoslavia. She then turns to areas of the world where the media acted constructively—by aiding the peace process in Northern Ireland, rebuilding democracy in Chile, bridging ethnic divides in South Africa, improving the lot of women in Senegal, and boosting transparency and democratization in Mexico and Taiwan. Finally, she explains how the media interact with psychological and cultural forces to impact perceptions, fears, peer-pressure, "groupthink," and the creation of heroes and villains.
Download or read book Genocides by the Oppressed written by Nicholas A. Robins and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades, the field of comparative genocide studies has produced an increasingly rich literature on the targeting of various groups for extermination and other atrocities, throughout history and around the contemporary world. However, the phenomenon of "genocides by the oppressed," that is, retributive genocidal actions carried out by subaltern actors, has received almost no attention. The prominence in such genocides of non-state actors, combined with the perceived moral ambiguities of retributive genocide that arise in analyzing genocidal acts "from below," have so far eluded serious investigation. Genocides by the Oppressed addresses this oversight, opening the subject of subaltern genocide for exploration by scholars of genocide, ethnic conflict, and human rights. Focusing on case studies of such genocide, the contributors explore its sociological, anthropological, psychological, symbolic, and normative dimensions.
Download or read book Framing the Holocaust in Polish Aftermath Cinema written by Matilda Mroz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique perspective on contemporary Polish cinema’s engagement with histories of Polish violence against their Jewish neighbours during the Holocaust. Moving beyond conventional studies of historical representation on screen, the book considers how cinema reframes the unwanted knowledge of violence in its aftermaths. The book draws on Derridean hauntology, Didi-Huberman’s confrontations with art images, Levinasian ethics and anamorphosis to examine cinematic reconfigurations of histories and memories that are vulnerable to evasion and formlessness. Innovative analyses of Birthplace (Łoziński, 1992), It Looks Pretty From a Distance (Sasnal, 2011), Aftermath (Pasikowski, 2012), and Ida (Pawlikowski, 2013) explore how their rural filmic landscapes are predicated on the radical exclusion of Jewish neighbours, prompting archaeological processes of exhumation. Arguing that the distressing materiality of decomposition disturbs cinematic composition, the book examines how Poland’s aftermath cinema attempts to recompose itself through form and narrative as it faces Polish complicity in Jewish death.
Download or read book Genocide and the Europeans written by Karen E. Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-07 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genocide is one of the most heinous abuses of human rights imaginable, yet reaction to it by European governments in the post-Cold War world has been criticised for not matching the severity of the crime. European governments rarely agree on whether to call a situation genocide, and their responses to purported genocides have often been limited to delivering humanitarian aid to victims and supporting prosecution of perpetrators in international criminal tribunals. More coercive measures - including sanctions or military intervention - are usually rejected as infeasible or unnecessary. This book explores the European approach to genocide, reviewing government attitudes towards the negotiation and ratification of the 1948 Genocide Convention and analysing responses to purported genocides since the end of the Second World War. Karen E. Smith considers why some European governments were hostile to the Genocide Convention and why European governments have been reluctant to use the term genocide to describe atrocities ever since.
Download or read book Frames of War written by Judith Butler and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2016-02-02 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this urgent response to violence, racism and increasingly aggressive methods of coercion, Judith Butler explores the media's portrayal of armed conflict, a process integral to how the West prosecutes its wars. In doing so, she calls for a reconceptualization of the Left, one united in opposition and resistance to the illegitimate and arbitrary effects of interventionist military action.
Download or read book Media Accuracy and the Effects of Framing in Distant Crises written by Gregory Kent and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about the representation of distant crises in the 1990s has been the subject of a developing literature, focusing on the relationships of the news system and policy formation. The war in Bosnia was probably the most intensely and extensively reported of the decade, said to have affected the public conscience like no other. However, the precise effects of coverage are much disputed and there has been no detailed, systematic analysis of media representation so far against which this possible influence can be assessed. This study presents the results of a systematic examination of British TV news representation of the war. It aims to answer the question:h ow did the British TV news system describe and frame the war in Bosnia? The study tests the hypothesis that British media obfuscated key questions in the war. It is proposed that this may have made effective intervention in support of Bosnia and its people less likely. The main focus of this inquiry is to assess the accuracy of the TV representation of war and genocide in Bosnia, against a detailed historical account of those events. Secondary questions focus on what inferences can be made from the representation about the context of its production, and about its consumption. Through layered combination of several content analytic techniques,T V news( and broadsheet newspaper) reports from a key period of the war (April to August 1992) are used to describe the framing of the war with the aim of reaching conclusion about its accuracy.I n the light of this representations one potential political effects are discussed. The study has one main conclusion. That is that there were key inaccuracies in the reporting in the period under consideration, particularly regarding Serbia's aggressive war and genocide against the people and state of Bosnia. It is argued from this primary finding that these inaccuracies may have had significant implications for the effects of media coverage on policy.
Download or read book War and Genocide written by Martin Shaw and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive introduction to the study of war and genocide presents a disturbing case that the potential for slaughter is deeply rooted in the political, economic, social and ideological relations of the modern world. Most accounts of war and genocide treat them as separate phenomena. This book thoroughly examines the links between these two most inhuman of human activities. It shows that the generally legitimate business of war and the monstrous crime of genocide are closely related. This is not just because genocide usually occurs in the midst of war, but because genocide is a form of war directed against civilian populations. The book shows how fine the line has been, in modern history, between ‘degenerate war’ involving the mass destruction of civilian populations, and ‘genocide’, the deliberate destruction of civilian groups as such. Written by one of the foremost sociological writers on war, War and Genocide has four main features: an original argument about the meaning and causes of mass killing in the modern world; a guide to the main intellectual resources – military, political and social theories – necessary to understand war and genocide; summaries of the main historical episodes of slaughter, from the trenches of the First World War to the Nazi Holocaust and the killing fields of Cambodia, Bosnia and Rwanda; practical guides to further reading, courses and websites. This book examines war and genocide together with their opposites, peace and justice. It looks at them from the standpoint of victims as well as perpetrators. It is an important book for anyone wanting to understand – and overcome – the continuing salience of destructive forces in modern society.
Download or read book Picturing Genocide in the Independent State of Croatia written by Jovan Byford and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Picturing Genocide in the Independent State of Croatia examines the role which atrocity photographs played, and continue to play, in shaping the public memory of the Second World War in the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Focusing on visual representations of one of the most controversial and politically divisive episodes of the war -- genocidal violence perpetrated against Serbs, Jews, and Roma by the pro-Nazi Ustasha regime in the Independent State of Croatia (1941-1945) -- the book examines the origins, history and legacy of violent images. Notably, this book pays special attention to the politics of the atrocity photograph. It explores how images were strategically and selectively mobilized at different times, and by different memory communities and stakeholders, to do different things: justify retribution against political opponents in the immediate aftermath of the war, sustain the discourses of national unity on which socialist Yugoslavia was founded, or, in the post-communist era, prop-up different nationalist agendas, and 'frame' the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s. In exploring this hitherto neglected aspect of Yugoslav history and visual culture, Jovan Byford sheds important light on the intricate nexus of political, cultural and psychological factors which account for the enduring power of atrocity images to shape the collective memory of mass violence.
