Download or read book Fonctions syntaxiques en arabe et en fran ais preuve de l unit des langues written by Ezzedine Bouhlel and published by Editions L'Harmattan. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A première vue, tout sépare l'arabe et le français. Nous avons d'une part une langue sémitique flexionnelle à l'alphabet phénicien, à l'écriture monocamérale, s'écrivant de droite à gauche, et de l'autre une langue indo-européenne, à caractères latins, non flexionnelle (du moins systématiquement), s'écrivant de gauche à droite. En dépit de ces divergences, de nombreuses similitudes sont à signaler entre l'arabe et le français, tant morphologiques, sémantiques que syntaxiques. L'auteur se focalise ici sur la place des fonctions syntaxiques dans ces deux langues.
Download or read book UNESCO General History of Africa Vol I Abridged Edition written by Jacqueline Ki-Zerbo and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume covers the period from the end of the Neolithic era to the beginning of the seventh century of our era. This lengthy period includes the civilization of Ancient Egypt, the history of Nubia, Ethiopia, North Africa and the Sahara, as well as of the other regions of the continent and its islands."--Publisher's description
Download or read book Advanced French Grammar written by Monique L'Huillier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-17 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1999 reference grammar, written for advanced students of French, their teachers, and others who want a better understanding of the French language, combines the best of modern and traditional approaches. Its objective is not only practical mastery of the language, but familiarity with its structure. Taking into account modern linguistic research, Advanced French Grammar approaches the French language primarily through the study of syntactic structures, but without excessive emphasis on formalism. It provides a generous number of examples, based on the author's own experience of teaching French to English-speakers, to help the student to understand the different meanings of apparently similar syntactic alternatives. The norms of 'correct expression' are given together with current usage and deviations, and appendixes provide information on the 1990 spelling reforms and on numbers. A substantial index of French and English words and of topics provides easy access to the text itself.
Download or read book Tradition of the Text written by Gerard J. Norton and published by Saint-Paul. This book was released on 1991 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linguistic Concepts written by Kenneth Lee Pike and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book will introduce linguistics and tagmemics to undergraduates, graduate students, and scholars in linguistics, anthropology, and other social sciences. It explains the concerns of linguistics, locates linguistics in that much larger field of human behavior that other disciplines share, and presents language from a vantage that acknowledges their particular concerns."--Back cover.
Download or read book Current Research in Bilingualism and Bilingual Education written by Piotr Romanowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-24 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers research topics in bilingual education, language policies, language contact, identity of bilingual speakers, early bilingualism, heritage languages, and more, and provides an overview of current theory, research and practice in the field of bilingualism. Each chapter is written by a specialist in the field. Part I focuses on the numerous and heterogeneous relations between languages as well as the implications arising from bilingual speech processing. In Part II, a series of contextualized studies on bilingual classrooms are presented, with diverse research designs applied in different educational settings being a key feature of these studies. Part III bridges theory and practice by offering an insight into mono- and multilingual school settings showcasing examples of educational institutions where bilingualism successfully soared and depicts the needs related to language education.
Download or read book Philosophie et science au Moyen Age Philosophy and Science in the Middle Ages written by Guttorm Fløistad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Politics of English as a World Language written by Christian Mair and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2003 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex politics of English as a world language provides the backdrop both for linguistic studies of varieties of English around the world and for postcolonial literary criticism. The present volume offers contributions from linguists and literary scholars that explore this common ground in a spirit of open interdisciplinary dialogue. Leading authorities assess the state of the art to suggest directions for further research, with substantial case studies ranging over a wide variety of topics - from the legitimacy of language norms of lingua franca communication to the recognition of newer post-colonial varieties of English in the online OED. Four regional sections treat the Caribbean (including the diaspora), Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Australasia and the Pacific Rim. Each section maintains a careful balance between linguistics and literature, and external and indigenous perspectives on issues. The book is the most balanced, complete and up-to-date treatment of the topic to date.
Download or read book Speech to Speech Translation written by Yutaka Kidawara and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the readers with retrospective and prospective views with detailed explanations of component technologies, speech recognition, language translation and speech synthesis. Speech-to-speech translation system (S2S) enables to break language barriers, i.e., communicate each other between any pair of person on the glove, which is one of extreme dreams of humankind. People, society, and economy connected by S2S will demonstrate explosive growth without exception. In 1986, Japan initiated basic research of S2S, then the idea spread world-wide and were explored deeply by researchers during three decades. Now, we see S2S application on smartphone/tablet around the world. Computational resources such as processors, memories, wireless communication accelerate this computation-intensive systems and accumulation of digital data of speech and language encourage recent approaches based on machine learning. Through field experiments after long research in laboratories, S2S systems are being well-developed and now ready to utilized in daily life. Unique chapter of this book is end-2-end evaluation by comparing system’s performance and human competence. The effectiveness of the system would be understood by the score of this evaluation. The book will end with one of the next focus of S2S will be technology of simultaneous interpretation for lecture, broadcast news and so on.
Download or read book The Higher Functional Field written by Cecilia Poletto and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work investigates the syntax of the higher portion of the functional structure of the clause using comparative data from hundreds of Northern Italian dialects. The area contains dialects that are different in most ways yet homogenous syntactically, making it an ideal ground for analyzing micro-variations in syntax. The book sheds new light on debated problems such as subject-clitic inversion, verb movement and subject positions, and the structure of the higher functional phrases.
Download or read book The Syntax of French written by Paul Rowlett and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-08 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: French is a syntactically interesting language, with aspects of its word order and clause structure triggering a variety of important developments in syntactic theory. This is a concise and accessible guide to the syntax of Modern French, providing a clear overview of those aspects of the language that are of particular interest to linguists. A broad variety of topics are covered, including the development and spread of French; the evolution of its syntax; syntactic variation; lexical categories; noun, verb and adjective phrases; clause structure; movement; and agreement. Drawing on the work of a wide range of scholars, it highlights the important role of French in the development of syntactic theory and shows how French challenges some fundamental assumptions about syntactic structure. An engaging and in-depth guide to all that is interesting about French, The Syntax of French will be invaluable to students and scholars of syntactic theory and comparative linguistics.
Download or read book Psychology of Ageing written by Patrick Rabbitt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Language Play Language Learning written by Guy Cook and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-02-03 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has two related purposes. The first is to demonstrate the extent and importance of language play in human life; the second is to draw out the implications for applied linguistics and language teaching. Language play should not be thought of as a trivial or peripheral activity, but as central to human thought and culture, to learning, creativity, and intellectual enquiry. It fulfils a major function of language, underpinning the human capacity to adapt: as individuals, as societies, and as a species.
Download or read book A Dictionary of Moroccan Arabic written by Richard Slade Harrell and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic volume presents the core vocabulary of everyday life in Morocco--from the kitchen to the mosque, from the hardware store to the natural world of plants and animals. It contains myriad examples of usage, including formulaic phrases and idiomatic expressions. Understandable throughout the nation, it is based primarily on the standard dialect of Moroccans from the cities of Fez, Rabat, and Casablanca. All Arabic citations are in an English transcription, making it invaluable to English-speaking non-Arabists, travelers, and tourists--as well as being an important resource tool for students and scholars in the Arabic language-learning field.
Download or read book Topic Antitopic and Verb Agreement in Non standard French written by Knud Lambrecht and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author describes and explains the syntactic and pragmatic properties of the nominal and pronominal elements in sentences of the types Ces Romains ils sont fous and Ils sont fous, ces Romains, which, in spite of their frequent occurrence, have so far received little attention among linguists and grammarians. He argues that far from having the marginal status of a linguistic anomaly, the cooccurrence in the same clause of coreferential nouns and pronouns is one formal manifestation of an important functional principle in modern French: the encoding of a topic-comment relationship in the surface structure of the sentence. The pronouns in sentences such as the ones mentioned are interpreted as agreement markers. The syntactic and semantic differences between topics and anti-topics are analyzed.
Download or read book Sometimes I ll Start a Sentence in Spanish Y Termino en Espa ol written by Shana Poplack and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taming the Vernacular written by Jenny Cheshire and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taming the Vernacular: From Dialect to Written Standard Language examines the differences between 'standard' and 'nonstandard' varieties of several different languages. Not only are some of the best-known languages of Europe represented here, but also some that have been less well-researched in the past. The chapters address the syntax of Dutch, English, French, Finnish, Galician, German and Spanish. For these languages, and many others, it is the standard varieties on which the most extensive syntactic research has been carried out, with the result that very little is known about the syntax of their dialects or the spoken colloquial varieties. The editors of this volume seek to redress the balance by taking a cross-linguistic perspective on the historical development of the standardised varieties. This allows them to identify some common characteristics of spoken language. It also helps the reader to understand the kinds of filtering processes that are involved in standardization, which result in the syntax of spoken colloquial language being different from the syntax of the standard varieties. Taming the Vernacular: From Dialect to Written Standard Language is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Linguistics, particularly those taking courses in sociolinguistics, dialectology, and historical linguistics. The focus on a variety of languages also makes this text suitable for students studying courses which cover the linguistic aspects of European languages.
