Download or read book Floodplain Response to Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 in Southern Bighorn Basin Wyoming written by Eve F. Lalor and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paleosols in the Willwood Formation of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming contain a sedimentary and geochemical record of several early Eocene hyperthermal (rapid, global warming) events including the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2). Numerous studies of the PETM indicate environmental shifts including an overall decrease in precipitation and soil moisture, but the hydrologic response to the subsequent smaller Eocene hyperthermals remains poorly understood. In order to estimate potential precipitation changes during ETM2, I sampled floodplain paleosol horizons from Willwood Formation strata below, within, and above the stratigraphic carbon isotope excursion (CIE) that marks the ETM2. Paleosol profiles are overall thinner and more weakly developed in the ETM2 CIE interval, which may suggest a higher sedimentation rate on the floodplain during the hyperthermal. Geochemical proxy measurements of mean annual precipitation (MAP) show variability across the ETM2 CIE interval, with the driest intervals ~850 mm/yr and wetter intervals ~1300 mm/yr. MAP estimates average ~1175 mm/yr in the pre-ETM2 interval, ~1150 mm/yr for the duration of ETM2, and ~1100 mm/yr in the post-ETM2 phase. These MAP values are in the same range as previous PETM studies, but unlike the PETM there is no definitive systematic shift in MAP that occurs in conjunction with the ETM2. The hydrologic response of continental interiors does not appear to scale linearly between hyperthermal events of differing magnitudes based on the Bighorn Basin data set.
Download or read book Evaluating Thresholds in Fluvial Response to the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 in the Bighorn Basin Wyoming U S A written by Grace Marie Sutherland and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth's climate experienced a set of hyperthermal events during the greenhouse climate state of the early Paleogene. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was the largest of these abrupt global warming events, occurring at ~56 Ma and lasting for ~200,000 years. The PETM is identifiable by a large negative carbon isotope excursion and associated with significant changes in global temperature, hydrology, ocean chemistry, and biology. Subsequent smaller hyperthermal events appear to have commensurately smaller effects on marine environments, but the scaling of the complementary nonmarine environmental responses is unclear. The Bighorn Basin of northwest Wyoming contains the most detailed nonmarine record of the PETM, and recent work has identified a significant perturbation of fluvial deposition associated with it. The PETM generated a thick and laterally extensive sandbody likely due to enhanced channel mobility potentially mediated by higher sediment flux related to an increase in rainfall variability. This study compares and contrasts fluvial deposition spanning a younger hyperthermal event at ~53 Ma, the ETM2 event, which was approximately 50,000 years in duration and displays a carbon isotope excursion with half the magnitude of the PETM. Herein I present sandbody geometries, lithofacies patterns, flow depths, and paleocurrent patterns spanning the ETM2 for comparison to PETM-induced fluvial changes. I find channel-fills are dominated by fining upward sequences of trough crossbedding and ripple cross lamination and abundant bar clinoform deposition. Sandbodies are typically single-storied and 3 meters in thickness. Notably, there are no significant changes in fluvial deposition across the ETM2. Several hypotheses may explain this observation: (1) there were no major hydrologic changes associated with the ETM2; (2) there were no major changes in vegetation associated with the ETM2; and/or (3) environmental perturbations were insufficient to overcome the internal autogenic thresholds of the river systems. These three hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, and each is evaluated in the context of existing datasets.
Download or read book Avulsion Deposit Architecture and Controls on Floodplain Construction in the Lower Eocene Willwood Formation Bighorn Basin Wyoming written by Brian Michael Gwinn and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Runaway Climate written by Steven Earle and published by New Society Publishers. This book was released on 2024-04-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With tipping points and extreme global warming looming, the key to understanding our climate future lies in our distant past With rising emissions, we are on track to cause rapid global warming with devastating con- sequences. But how bad could climate change get and what might it do to planet Earth and humanity? Runaway Climate explores the causes of the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) rapid climate-heating episode, its dramatic impact on life on Earth, and lessons for our climate future. Fifty-six million years ago our planet experienced a period of intense warming known as the PETM, resulting in a rapid global temperature increase of about 7°C. Triggered by natural geological processes over millennia and magnified by strong climate feedback loops, the PETM lasted for about 180,000 years and drastically altered life on Earth. Yet in only a few short decades we've pumped similar amounts of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere, making the PETM an unsettlingly apt analogy for our current predicament. This deeply cautionary tale explores: The runaway feedbacks that pushed the PETM's climate past the tipping point Subsequent cascades of environmental devastation—from plant and animal migrations to ocean acidification, extreme weather, and mass extinctions A sobering vision of life on hothouse Earth—a hostile world of desertification, sea-level rise, climate refugees, and agricultural collapse The urgent need for decisive individual and collective actions to slash carbon emissions, stabilize the climate, and undertake a rapid transition to a cleaner and healthier future. Scientifically rigorous, yet accessible to a wide audience, Runaway Climate is essential reading for every- one committed to understanding and taking action on the climate emergency.
Download or read book Vegetative and Lithologic Response to the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum in the Hanna Basin Wyoming written by Keifer Emily Nace and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), a rapid global warming event ~56 million years ago, caused by a large release of isotopically-light carbon into earth's atmosphere and oceans, provides geologic parallels to anthropogenic climate change. This study focuses on vegetation changes within channel and overbank depositional sequences before, during, and after the PETM in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming, U.S.A. At each site, lithological descriptions were made, bulk carbon isotope samples were evaluated, and vegetation structure was assessed using reconstructed Leaf Area Index (rLAI) measurements. Our results indicate a meandering channel and closed canopy environment before the PETM, and a swampy, densely forested environment after the PETM. During the PETM, warmer temperatures and drier conditions decreased vegetation structure, causing a shift to braided fluvial systems. Our data demonstrates that the PETM had a significant impact on terrestrial landscapes.
Download or read book Papers on Paleontology written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Terrestrial Response to Transient Warming Across the Paleocene eocene Boundary in the Willston Basin North Dakota written by Elizabeth Ryan Clechenko and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Paleocene Flora of the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains written by Roland Wilbur Brown and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of 170 kinds of plants and the strata that yield them, showing how they apply in the delimination of the Paleocene series.
Download or read book Ichnology written by Luis A. Buatois and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ichnology is the study of traces created in the substrate by living organisms. This is the first book to systematically cover basic concepts and applications in both paleobiology and sedimentology, bridging the gap between the two main facets of the field. It emphasizes the importance of understanding ecologic controls on benthic fauna distribution and the role of burrowing organisms in changing their environments. A detailed analysis of the ichnology of a range of depositional environments is presented using examples from the Precambrian to the recent, and the use of trace fossils in facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy is discussed. The potential for biogenic structures to provide valuable information and solve problems in a wide range of fields is also highlighted. An invaluable resource for researchers and graduate students in paleontology, sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy, this book will also be of interest to industry professionals working in petroleum geoscience.
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annals of the Carnegie Museum written by Carnegie Museum of Natural History and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Warm Climates in Earth History written by Brian T. Huber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The geologic record contains evidence of greenhouse climates in the earth's past, and by studying these past conditions, we can gain greater understanding of the forcing mechanisms and feedbacks that influence today's climate. Leading experts in paleoclimatology combine in one integrated volume new and state-of-the-art paleontological, geological, and theoretical studies to assess intervals of global warmth. The book reviews what is known about the causes and consequences of globally warm climates, demonstrates current directions of research on warm climates, and outlines the central problems that remain unresolved. The chapters present new research on a number of different warm climate intervals from the early Paleozoic to the early Cenozoic. The book will be of great interest to researchers in paleoclimatology, and it will also be useful as a supplementary text on advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses in paleoclimatology and earth science.
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Globally Warm Climates in the Early Paleogene written by Scott L. Wing and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ancient Wyoming written by Kirk Johnson and published by Fulcrum Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sponsored by a grant from the National Science Foundation to the Denver Museum of Natural History. Ever wondered what the ground below you was like millions of years ago? Merging paleontology, geology, and artistry, Ancient Wyoming illustrates scenes from the distant past and provides fascinating details on the flora and fauna of the past 300 million years. The book provides a unique look at Wyoming, both as it is today and as it was throughout ancient history—at times a vast ocean, a lush rain forest, and a mountain prairie.
Download or read book Applications of Non Pollen Palynomorphs written by F. Marret and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-awaited book about non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) aims to cover gaps in our knowledge of these abundant but understudied palynological remains. NPPs, such as fungal spores, testate amoebae, dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs and animal remains, are routinely recovered from palynological preparations of marine or terrestrial material, from Proterozoic to recent geological times. This book gives the reader a comprehensive overview of the different types of NPPs, with examples from diverse time periods and environments. It provides guidance on sample preparation to maximize the recovery of these NPPs, detailed information on their diversity and ecological affinity, clarification on the nomenclature and demonstrates their value as environmental indicators. This volume will become the reference guide for any student, academic or practitioner interested in everything else in their palynological preparations.
Download or read book Hydrogeology Chemical Weathering and Soil Formation written by Allen Hunt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores soil as a nexus for water, chemicals, and biologically coupled nutrient cycling Soil is a narrow but critically important zone on Earth's surface. It is the interface for water and carbon recycling from above and part of the cycling of sediment and rock from below. Hydrogeology, Chemical Weathering, and Soil Formation places chemical weathering and soil formation in its geological, climatological, biological and hydrological perspective. Volume highlights include: The evolution of soils over 3.25 billion years Basic processes contributing to soil formation How chemical weathering and soil formation relate to water and energy fluxes The role of pedogenesis in geomorphology Relationships between climate soils and biota Soils, aeolian deposits, and crusts as geologic dating tools Impacts of land-use change on soils The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the Editors
