Download or read book Fission Product Recovery from Radioactive Effluents written by R. L. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processes are described for the recovery of cesium137 from Purex type, first cycle waste solutions which result from the solvent extraction reprocessing of reactor fuels. Flowsheets are presented for recovering cesium from neutralized wastes by coprecititation with zinc ferrocyanide or from acidic solution by precipitation with zinc ferricyanide or zinc cobalticyanide. Further processing converts the cesium to cesium chloride, a stable form suitable for use in high intensity gamma irradiation sources. Modification of the cesium recovery process enables isolation of other valuable products including rare earths, cerium-144, and strontium-90 activities. Experience at Hanford Atomic Products Operation in the use of similar procedures for rge to the ground is described. A comparison of objectives and gested for fission product recovery is made. The effect of recovering certain fission products, particularly longlived nuclides, from effluents on temporary or long term storage or disposal of the effluent is discussed. (auth).
Download or read book FISSION PRODUCTS RECOVERY FROM RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS written by and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processes are described for the recovery of cesium137 from Purex type, first cycle waste solutions which result from the solvent extraction reprocessing of reactor fuels. Flowsheets are presented for recovering cesium from neutralized wastes by coprecititation with zinc ferrocyanide or from acidic solution by precipitation with zinc ferricyanide or zinc cobalticyanide. Further processing converts the cesium to cesium chloride, a stable form suitable for use in high intensity gamma irradiation sources. Modification of the cesium recovery process enables isolation of other valuable products including rare earths, cerium-144, and strontium-90 activities. Experience at Hanford Atomic Products Operation in the use of similar procedures for rge to the ground is described. A comparison of objectives and gested for fission product recovery is made. The effect of recovering certain fission products, particularly longlived nuclides, from effluents on temporary or long term storage or disposal of the effluent is discussed. (auth).
Download or read book Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Download or read book Recovery and Partial Burning of the Fission Products of Discharged Nuclear Reactor Fuel written by Ramaswamy Lakshmikanthan and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatment and Recovery of the Nuclear Fission Products written by Vaclav Kourim and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.
Download or read book Radiation Application and Fission Product Utilization written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategy and Methodology for Radioactive Waste Characterization written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade significant progress has been achieved in the development of waste characterization and control procedures and equipment as a direct response to ever-increasing requirements for quality and reliability of information on waste characteristics. Failure in control procedures at any step can have important, adverse consequences and may result in producing waste packages which are not compliant with the waste acceptance criteria for disposal, thereby adversely impacting the repository. The information and guidance included in this publication corresponds to recent achievements and reflects the optimum approaches, thereby reducing the potential for error and enhancing the quality of the end product. -- Publisher's description.
Download or read book Waste Management Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 18-year history of Hanford operations, a high degree of safety has been provided at reasonable cost by the storage of high-activity liquid wastes in underground tanks, by the percolation of low-activity liquid wastes (principally water) through the soil to the ground water, and by the adsorption or filtration of radioactive materials from gaseous effluents prior to their discharge to the atmosphere. Studies of the Hanford area indicate that current practices could be continued almost indefinitely without jeopardizing environmental safety, provided the stored liquid wastes are periodically transferred to new tanks before the existing ones fail. In 1960, a Fission Product Recovery Program was prepared outlining a plan to meet the Atomic Energy Commission's needs for isolated fission products. Emphasis was placed on developing processes for isolating selected fission products and on providing interim production capability for recovering the fission products of immediate interest. In 1961, development efforts were channeled almost exclusively toward meeting the immediate needs of the Commission for separated strontium-90 and cesium-137. During this time, it became increasingly evident that substantial economies could be realized, both in immediate development and subsequent operating efforts, if the separate fission product recovery and waste management programs were merged. The integration of these programs was therefore effected, as described in the 1962 Waste Management Program. This document describes the current status and goals of the integrated program.
Download or read book Nuclear Waste Conditioning written by France. Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA) and published by Le Moniteur Editions. This book was released on 2009 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progress in Fission Product Recovery at Hanford written by R. L. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Radioactive Waste Disposal written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Special Subcommittee on Radiation and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers problems of radioactive waste disposal and the precautions, safeguards, and standards to ensure safe handling of these wastes. Includes numerous nongovernmental reports on the sources and types of radioactive wastes. Focuses on the problems of dumping radioactive wastes into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico.
Download or read book Industrial Radioactive Waste Disposal written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Special Subcommittee on Radiation and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers problems of radioactive waste disposal and the precautions, safeguards, and standards to ensure safe handling of these wastes. Includes numerous nongovernmental reports on the sources and types of radioactive wastes.
Download or read book Radiation Safety and Major Activities in the Atomic Energy Programs written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 1602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Disposition of High Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-07 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the next several years, decisions are expected to be made in several countries on the further development and implementation of the geological disposition option. The Board on Radioactive Waste Management (BRWM) of the U.S. National Academies believes that informed and reasoned discussion of relevant scientific, engineering and social issues can-and should-play a constructive role in the decision process by providing information to decision makers on relevant technical and policy issues. A BRWM-initiated project including a workshop at Irvine, California on November 4-5, 1999, and subsequent National Academies' report to be published in spring, 2000, are intended to provide such information to national policy makers both in the U.S. and abroad. To inform national policies, it is essential that experts from the physical, geological, and engineering sciences, and experts from the policy and social science communities work together. Some national programs have involved social science and policy experts from the beginning, while other programs have only recently recognized the importance of this collaboration. An important goal of the November workshop is to facilitate dialogue between these communities, as well as to encourage the sharing of experiences from many national programs. The workshop steering committee has prepared this discussion for participants at the workshop. It should elicit critical comments and help identify topics requiring in-depth discussion at the workshop. It is not intended as a statement of findings, conclusions, or recommendations. It is rather intended as a vehicle for stimulating dialogue among the workshop participants. Out of that dialogue will emerge the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the National Academies' report.
Download or read book An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation written by Michael I. Ojovan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-07 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety and environmental impact is of uppermost concern when dealing with the movement and storage of nuclear waste. The 20 chapters in 'An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation' cover all important aspects of immobilisation, from nuclear decay, to regulations, to new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used in transport: cement, bitumen and glass, with the greatest attention being given to glass. The last chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of each matrix, and on new developments of ceramics and glass composite materials, thermochemical methods and in-situ metal matrix immobilisation. The book thoroughly covers all issues surrounding nuclear waste: from where to locate nuclear waste in the environment, through nuclear waste generation and sources, treatment schemes and technologies, immobilisation technologies and waste forms, disposal and long term behaviour. Particular attention is paid to internationally approved and worldwide-applied approaches and technologies. * Each chapter focuses on a different matrix used in nuclear waste immobilisation: Cement, bitumen, glass and new materials. * Keeps the most important issues surrounding nuclear waste – such as treatment schemes and technologies, and disposal - at the forefront.
