Download or read book Fiscal Policy Intercountry Adjustment and the Real Exchange Rate Within Europe written by Christopher Allsopp and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper argues that an improved fiscal policy process might result in improved macroeconomic performance within Europe. Within EMU, a country may have difficulty ensuring stability in the face of asymmetric shocks; the response may be unstable, or, even if not, the real exchange rate might overshoot. In this context, the rules of the SGP may interfere with the control of inflation control, with the short-run stabilisation of demand, and also with the longer term adjustment of intra-European real exchange rates. We recommend using fiscal policy to stabilise inflation and also to target the real exchange rate rather than deficits or debt. Such a policy would require a more active use of fiscal policy.
Download or read book Economic Policy Exchange Rates and the International System written by Warner Max Corden and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1994 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an outstanding account of exchange rates inthe international monetary system, W. Max Corden considers the essential issues in international macroeconomics.The author takes as his model the macroeconomic situation of a country with an open economy, and explains the effects of domestic fiscal and monetary macroeconomic policy on exchange rates. He clearly analyses the choices faced by governments attempting to manage both the domestic inflation rateand the external exchange rate and current account balance. Professor Corden then discusses the European Exchange Rate mechanism, and provides a sceptical analysis of the possibilities for monetary union in Europe, and for international policy coordination in general. He gives equal weight todiscussion of the present US-centred international monetary system outside the ERM, and combines theoretical models with an account of the actual determination of floating exchange rates. Although the book itself is orientated towards monetary rather than trade issues, the author discusses twotopical issues: the role of protectionist policies, and the idea of competitiveness. Finally, he looks at the future of the international monetary system and the series of current reform proposals.Students will find this book useful because the author covers essential issues lucidly and authoritatively. The exposition is entirely non-mathematical. Postgraduate students and academics will be interested since Corden is a distinguished writer on international trade and policy, and hisarguments are powerfully presented.New to this edition:This is a revised and expanded edition of a previous book by Corden, Inflation, Exchange Rates and the World Economy, the third edition of which was published in 1985. In this new book, Professor Corden has fully rewritten the text, but retains the discursive, informal, reader-friendly style ofthe earlier editions. In this new edition, Professor Corden has included two new chapters which extend the treatment of macroeconomic policy, separating it into its fiscal and monetary branches. He also includes a new chapter on the role of the current account balance in determining macroeconomicpolicy. The author has brought his account of the present international monetary context up to date - characterised as the non-system - and has included a new analysis of European monetary issues, incorporating a review of the progress of the EMS towards full monetary union. The book also containsa provocative discussion of two highly topical issues: trade protection, and competitiveness, including both new theoretical analysis and such events as the recent GATT agreement.
Download or read book Fiscal Policy and Interest Rates in the European Union written by Klaas Knot and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Klaas, who is with the monetary and economic policy department De Nederlandsche Bank in Amsterdam, explores the potential effects of fiscal policy on financial markets in the Union, taking into account the gradual liberalization of capital movements throughout Western Europe and the institutional framework of the European monetary system. He takes a new approach to the impact of budget deficits on interest rates, especially in relation to international financial integration. He concludes that budget deficits since the early 1970s have raised interest rates and recommends balanced budgets to keep money cheap. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Fiscal Policy Independence in a European Monetary Union written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1990-03-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The issue of whether constraints should be placed on fiscal policies when moving to European monetary union is examined in the context of the use of fiscal policy for macroeconomic stabilization purposes. Examples of shocks hitting French and German economies are considered: an appreciation of their joint exchange rate against other currencies, an inflation shock, and an oil price increase. Except in the third case, flexible use of fiscal policies in the two countries is likely to give better outcomes than a system with constraints on their use. For the oil price shock, there seems to be a good case for policy coordination, not for ceilings on fiscal deficits.
Download or read book Fiscal Constraints of a Fixed Exchange Rate Regime written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1989-12-29 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper considers whether the implementation of a fixed exchange rate regime requires or implies binding constraints on fiscal policy. The main conclusions are that, from a country perspective, the effective constraint is on the degree of monetary financing, which bears an uncertain relationship to the size of the budget deficit; that, from a systemic perspective, the financial stability of the currency area can be ensured by making the monetary and fiscal authorities independent of one another; and that the case for coordination of fiscal policies—whatever its merits—is not enhanced by the creation of a fixed exchange rate regime.
Download or read book Adjustment and Growth in the European Monetary Union written by Francisco Torres and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-10-21 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Maastricht Treaty, signed in December 1991, set a timetable for the European Community's economic and monetary union (EMU) and clearly defined the institutional policy changes necessary for its achievement. Subsequent developments have demonstrated, however, the importance of many key issues in the transition to EMU that were largely neglected at the time. This volume reports the proceedings of a joint CEPR conference with the Banco de Portugal, held in January 1992. In these papers, leading international experts address the instability of the transition to EMU, the long-run implications of monetary union and the single market for growth and convergence in Europe. They also consider the prospects for inflation and fiscal convergence, regional policy and the integration of financial markets and fiscal systems. Attention focuses on adjustment mechanisms with differentiated shocks, region-specific business cycles and excessive industrial concentration and the cases for a two-speed EMU and fiscal federalism.
Download or read book Asymmetric Monetary Transmission in Europe written by Volker Clausen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The euro and the ESCB have started in January 1999 and there is naturally a wide-ranging interest in academia and among policymakers in OECD coun tries, how successful European Monetary Union will and can be. EMU has started with 11 countries and experienced a rapid depreciation of the cur rency. With so many EU countries joining for a historical monetary union in a period of economic globalization, international financial market changes and ongoing EU enlargement the problem of monetary policy efficiency becomes crucial; especially as so many countries in the EU still have high unemploy ment rates and the euro has just started at the beginning of a cyclical upswing in the euro zone. Monetary policy is also quite crucial, because the Maastricht convergence criteria severely restrict the scope of national fiscal policy. With a very limited stock of valuable European monetary experience which could be usefully exploited by the ECB and the ESCB respectively, one naturally will appreciate advanced economic modeling of the main issues. This book takes an analytical look at the problem of asymmetric monetary transmission in Euroland. Facing the ECB's monetary policy, individual mem ber countries are likely to experience different policy effects. Countries differ in their financial structure -a well-known argument in the literature -but also in the characteristics of goods and labor markets. The latter fields have been somewhat neglected in the literature but receive broad analytical attention here.
Download or read book Exchange Rates in the International Adjustment Process written by Niels Thygesen and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monetary Integration written by Warner Max Corden and published by Princeton, N.J. : International Finance Section, Princeton University. This book was released on 1972 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Targeting the Real Exchange Rate written by Mr.Guillermo Calvo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of policies aimed at setting a more depreciated level of the real exchange rate. An intertemporal optimizing model suggests that, in the absence of changes in fiscal policy, a more depreciated level of the real exchange can only be attained temporarily. This can be achieved by means of higher inflation and/or higher real interest rates, depending on the degree of capital mobility. Evidence for Brazil, Chile, and Colombia supports the model’s prediction that undervalued real exchange rates are associated with higher inflation.
Download or read book The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity written by Richard Hemming and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The focus is on the size of fiscal multipliers, and on the possibility that multipliers can turn negative (i.e., that fiscal contractions can be expansionary). The paper concludes that fiscal multipliers are overwhelmingly positive but small. However, there is some evidence of negative fiscal multipliers.
Download or read book Europe and Global Imbalances written by Philip R. Lane and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-06 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although Europe in the aggregate is a not a major contributor to global current account imbalances, its trade and financial linkages with the rest of the world mean that it will still be affected by a shift in the current configuration of external deficits and surpluses. We assess the macroeconomic impact on Europe of global current account adjustment under alternative scenarios, emphasizing both trade and financial channels. Finally, we consider heterogeneous exposure across individual European economies to external adjustment shocks.
Download or read book Inflation Targeting and Exchange Rate Management In Less Developed Countries written by Mr.Marco Airaudo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze coordination of monetary and exchange rate policy in a two-sector model of a small open economy featuring imperfect substitution between domestic and foreign financial assets. Our central finding is that management of the exchange rate greatly enhances the efficacy of inflation targeting. In a flexible exchange rate system, inflation targeting incurs a high risk of indeterminacy where macroeconomic fluctuations can be driven by self-fulfilling expectations. Moreover, small inflation shocks may escalate into much larger increases in inflation ex post. Both problems disappear when the central bank leans heavily against the wind in a managed float.
Download or read book Economic Convergence in the Euro Area Coming Together or Drifting Apart written by Mr.Jeffrey R. Franks and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-01-23 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine economic convergence among euro area countries on multiple dimensions. While there was nominal convergence of inflation and interest rates, real convergence of per capita income levels has not occurred among the original euro area members since the advent of the common currency. Income convergence stagnated in the early years of the common currency and has reversed in the wake of the global economic crisis. New euro area members, in contrast, have seen real income convergence. Business cycles became more synchronized, but the amplitude of those cycles diverged. Financial cycles showed a similar pattern: sychronizing more over time, but with divergent amplitudes. Income convergence requires reforms boosting productivity growth in lagging countries, while cyclical and financial convergence can be enhanced by measures to improve national and euro area fiscal policies, together with steps to deepen the single market.
Download or read book Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-03-01 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, monetary authorities have increasingly focused on implementing policies to ensure price stability and strengthen central bank independence. Simultaneously, in the fiscal area, market development has allowed public debt managers to focus more on cost minimization. This “divorce” of monetary and debt management functions in no way lessens the need for effective coordination of monetary and fiscal policy if overall economic performance is to be optimized and maintained in the long term. This paper analyzes these issues based on a review of the relevant literature and of country experiences from an institutional and operational perspective.
Download or read book Fiscal Policy and the Real Exchange Rate written by Mr.Santanu Chatterjee and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Government spending on infrastructure has recently increased sharply in many emerging-market economies. This paper examines the mechanism through which public infrastructure spending affects the dynamics of the real exchange rate. Using a two-sector dependent open economy model with intersectoral adjustment costs, we show that government spending generates a non-monotonic U-shaped adjustment path for the real exchange rate with sharp intertemporal trade-offs. The effect of government spending on the real exchange rate depends critically on (i) the composition of public spending, (ii) the underlying financing policy, (iii) the intensity of private capital in production, and (iv) the relative productivity of public infrastructure. In deriving these results, the model also identifies conditions under which the predictions of the neoclassical open economy model can be reconciled with empirical regularities, namely the intertemporal relationship between government spending, private consumption, and the real exchange rate.
Download or read book How Big Small are Fiscal Multipliers written by Ethan Ilzetzki and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We contribute to the intense debate on the real effects of fiscal stimuli by showing that the impact of government expenditure shocks depends crucially on key country characteristics, such as the level of development, exchange rate regime, openness to trade, and public indebtedness. Based on a novel quarterly dataset of government expenditure in 44 countries, we find that (i) the output effect of an increase in government consumption is larger in industrial than in developing countries, (ii) the fisscal multiplier is relatively large in economies operating under predetermined exchange rate but zero in economies operating under flexible exchange rates; (iii) fiscal multipliers in open economies are lower than in closed economies and (iv) fiscal multipliers in high-debt countries are also zero.
