Download or read book Firms Choices to Cross list Stocks on the U S and the U K Markets written by Jingwen Mu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates some accounting issues that arise from firms' choices to cross-list stocks on the U.S. and the U.K. markets. Prior research shows that the benefits of cross-listing include a more liquid stock market, an increase in investor recognition, a decrease in the cost of capital, and a commitment to better corporate governance practices. However, the extent to which cross-listing can be used as an effective bonding mechanism is closely related to the choice of cross-listing destinations. Specifically, I hypothesise that differences in firm characteristics, accounting standards setting procedures, and the legal and regulatory environments between the U.S. and the U.K. markets lead to the expectation that firms cross-listed in the U.S. markets have better earnings quality than firms cross-listed in the U.K. In the context of this thesis, earnings quality refers to how precisely reported earnings convey a firm's true economic performance, and it is measured by models of accruals, earnings persistence and predictability, smoothness, and target beating. The results suggest the following. First, firms use accruals-based earnings management techniques to boost their earnings in the cross-listing year, but such evidence is only observed for firms cross-listed on the U.K markets. A further examination shows that, for the U.K. sample, the extent of earnings management is influenced by whether a firm raises new equity capital at cross-listing, while no such evidence is found for the U.S. sample. Second, the results provide mixed evidence that cross-listing firms have higher earnings quality than their home country counterparts that are not cross-listed. For firms cross-listed in the U.S., the differences in earnings quality are greater in the post-SOX period. Third, this thesis directly compares firms that choose between different cross-listing destinations and finds that firms cross-listed in the U.S. have higher earnings quality than firms cross-listed in the U.K. Fourth, home-country institutions are found to have a significant influence on cross-listing firms' reporting behaviour. The results are robust to controlling for innate factors known to affect the quality of earnings. Some interpretation issues arise when different measures of earnings quality are used, which shed light on future research directions.

Download or read book Does Cross Listing in the US Improve Investment Efficiency Evidence from UK Firms written by Abed Al-Nasser Abdallah and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine whether managers of cross-listed firms improve corporate investment efficiency through learning from the stock market upon cross-listing. Using a sample of UK firms cross-listed on US regulated and unregulated stock markets, we find that cross-listed firms on unregulated markets invest more efficiently than non-cross-listed firms following cross-listing. Moreover, we find that cross-listed firms improve their investment efficiency post cross-listing. Furthermore, we find firms with low level of private information embedded in their stock prices, and firms with higher board independence improve their investment post cross-listing. Our findings suggest that managers of cross-listed firms are guided by firm-specific characteristic more than by stock market signals when they embark on new investment projects. We also find evidence that cross-listed firms on regulated exchanges perform poorly after cross-listing, whereas those cross-listed on unregulated exchange experience high performance post cross-listing.

Download or read book Multimarket Trading of Cross listed Stocks written by Seung Won Woo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation studies the influence of global institutional investors on liquidity distribution and excess comovement in returns for cross-listed stocks around the world. Furthermore, my dissertation investigates the impact of investor protection change on the liquidity distribution of cross-listed stocks. Chapter 1 studies how global institutional investors' selection of trading venues influences the liquidity distribution of cross-listed stocks on 19 target ("host") markets around the world. I document strong empirical evidence indicating that institutional investors gravitate towards markets that are more geographically, culturally, and economically proximate. However, institutional investor's familiarity preference abates in the selection of trading venues when the target exchange does not furnish detailed rules on trading practices. Chapter 2, co-authored with G. Andrew Karolyi, studies the impact of abrupt change in the U.S. investor protection laws on the location of stock trading for firms with U.S. cross-listings. The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Morrison vs. National Australia Bank in June 2010 communicates that civil liability for securities fraud applies only to securities listed on U.S. markets and to security transactions taken place in the U.S. We investigate whether and how the trading volume distribution of U.S. cross-listed stocks changed around the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling on the Morrison case. Our results indicate that for U.S. cross-listed foreign firms, the U.S. market share of trading volume has increased after the Morrison decision. Chapter 3, co-authored with G. Andrew Karolyi, examines the influence of global institutional investors on excess comovement in stock returns using cross-listed stocks around the world. We find that the return differentials between the cross-listed and its ordinary home market share, though small, exhibit excess comovements relative to market index returns, the home and the target market returns. Furthermore, we examine whether institutional investors exert significant influence on excess comovement in the returns of long-short positions that consist of a crosslisted and its counterpart home market shares with respective market index returns. We find that institutional investors domiciled in home country intensify the excess comovement in long-short position returns with the home market returns.

Download or read book Look at Me Now written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We use a comprehensive 1997 survey to examine U.S. investors ̐preferences for foreign equities. We document a variety of firm characteristics that can influence U.S. investment, but the most important determinant is whether the stock is cross-listed on a U.S. exchange. Our selection bias-corrected estimates imply that firms that cross-list can increase their U.S. holdings by 8 to 11 percent of their market capitalization, roughly doubling the amount held without cross-listing. All else equal, we find that firms experience smaller increases in U.S. shareholdings upon cross-listing if they are Canadian, from English-speaking countries, are members of the MSCI World index, or had higher quality accounting standards prior to cross-listing. We argue that these findings suggest that improvements in information production explain U.S. investors ̐attraction to foreign stocks that cross-list in the United States"--Federal Reserve Board web site.

Download or read book Does the Choice of Listing Level Matter Evidence from Foreign Firms Cross listing in the United States written by Hicham Hadni and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study makes an important contribution to the economic and finance literature on value analysis of foreign firms cross-listing in the United States. Doidge, Karolyi and Stulz (2003) show that, at the end of 1997, foreign firms with shares cross-listed in U.S. financial markets had Tobin's q ratios significantly higher than those of firms from the same country that were not listed in the United States. I consider in a detailed value analysis the three main levels of American Depositary Receipt (ADR) listings and analyze the impact of upgrading the listing level on firms' values. I extend the work of Doidge, Karolyi and Stulz (2003) to control for listing levels as well as additional country and firm characteristics. I find significant evidence that cross-listing firms experience (i) an average increase in value of 26 percent when they upgrade their listing level from level I to level II, and (ii) an average increase in value of 38 percent when they upgrade their listing level from level II and level III.

Download or read book Price Liquidity Volatility and Volume of Cross listed Stocks written by Olga Dodd and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the possible implications of international cross-listings for the wealth of shareholders, for stock liquidity and volatility, and for the distribution of trading volumes across both the domestic and foreign stock markets where the shares are traded. For the purpose of clarity, these three issues are analysed in three empirical chapters in the thesis. The first empirical issue examined in this thesis is the effects of international cross-listings on shareholders? wealth. This is discussed in chapter 2. The chapter compares the gains in shareholders? wealth that result from cross-listing in the American, British, and European stock exchanges and then evaluates their determinants by applying various theories on the wealth effects of cross-listing. Moreover, it evaluates how the wealth effect of cross-listing has changed over time reflecting the implications of the significant developments in capital markets that have taken place in recent years. In particular, the effects of the introduction of the Euro in Europe and the adoption of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the US are analysed. The findings suggest that, on average, cross-listing of stocks enhances shareholders? wealth but the gains are dependent on the destination market. In addition, the regulatory and economic changes in the listing environment not only alter the wealth effects of cross-listings, but also affect the sources of value creation. Overall, this chapter provides in-depth insights into the motivations for, and the benefits of, cross-listings across different host markets in changing market conditions. The second empirical issue examined is the impact of cross-listing and multimarket trading on stock liquidity and volatility (chapter 3). Cross-listing leads to additional mandatory disclosure in order to comply with the requirements of the host market. Such requirements are expected to reduce information asymmetry among various market participants (corporate managers, stock dealers, and investors). An enhanced information environment, in turn, should increase stock liquidity and reduce stock return volatility. The findings of this study suggest that the stock liquidity and volatility improves after cross-listing on a foreign stock exchange. Moreover, this study distinguishes between cross-listing and cross-trading. The distinction is important because cross-trading, unlike cross-listing, does not require the disclosing of additional information. Although such a distinction means there is a variation in the information environment of cross-listed and cross-traded stocks, the results do not reveal any significant difference in the liquidity and volatility of the stocks that are cross-listed and cross-traded. This evidence suggests that the improvement in the liquidity and volatility of cross-listed/traded stocks comes primarily from the intensified competition among traders rather than from mandatory disclosure requirements. The final empirical issue investigated in this thesis (chapter 4) is the identification of the determinants of the distribution of equity trading volume from both stock exchange and firm specific perspectives. From a stock exchange perspective, exchange level analysis focuses on the stock exchange characteristics that determine the ability of a stock exchange to attract trading of foreign stocks. While from a firm perspective, firm level analysis focuses on firm specific characteristics that affect the distribution of foreign trading. The results show that a stock exchange?s ability to attract trading volumes of foreign equity is positively associated with a stock exchange?s organizational efficiency, market liquidity, and also the quality of investor protection and insider trading regulations. Analysis also reveals the superior ability of American stock exchanges to attract trading of European stocks. Moreover, there is strong evidence suggesting that regulated stock exchanges are more successful in attracting trading of foreign stocks than non-regulated markets, such as OTC and alternative markets and trading platforms. From a firm perspective, the proportion of trading on a foreign exchange is higher for smaller and riskier companies, and for companies that exhibit lower correlation of returns with market index returns in the host market. Also this proportion is higher when foreign trading takes place in the same currency as trading in the firm?s home market and increases with the duration of a listing. Finally, the study provides separate evidence on the expected levels of trading activity on various stock exchanges for a stock with particular characteristics. Overall, the findings of this thesis suggest that international cross-listing is beneficial for both firms and their shareholders but the findings also suggest that there are significant variations in the implications of cross-listings for different firms and from listing in different destination foreign markets. Finally, these implications are not static and respond to changes and reforms in listing and trading conditions.

Download or read book Competition and Co Operation Among Exchanges written by Thomas J. Chemmanur and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze firms' choice between exchanges to list their equity (including multiple listings), and exchanges' choice of listing standards for firms which apply for listing, in an environment of competition and co-operation among exchanges. We model an equity market characterized by asymmetric information, where outsiders can reduce their informational disadvantage relative to insiders by producing (noisy) information about firms at a cost. Exchanges are populated by two kinds of investors: sophisticated investors, with a cost advantage in producing information (low-cost investors), and ordinary investors, without such a cost-advantage (high-cost investors); the proportions of these two kinds of investors vary across exchanges. While firms are short-lived agents, exchanges are long-lived, value-maximizing agents, whose stringency in their listing and disclosure standards evolve over time. Exchanges also use their listing standards as a tool in competing with other exchanges for listings by firms. However, outsiders can partially infer the rigor of an exchange's listing policy by studying the subsequent performance of firms which have obtained listing there. The listing standards chosen by an exchange therefore affects its reputation. The listing choices of firms between exchanges, the valuation effects of listings on firm equity, and exchanges' listing standards emerge endogenously in equilibrium. Our model has implications for: the relationship between firm characteristics and the benefits from cross (and dual) listing; the price effects of cross listings; the relationship between cross listing and financial analyst following; the relationship between an exchange's reputation and its listing standards; the impact of competition on an exchange's listing standard; the impact of an alliance between exchanges on the listing standards of the allied exchange and of exchanges competing with it; and for the optimal regulation of exchanges.

Download or read book Has New York Become Less Competitive in Global Markets written by Craig Doidge and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the determinants and consequences of cross-listings on the New York and London stock exchanges from 1990 to 2005. This investigation enables us to evaluate the relative benefits of New York and London exchange listings and to assess whether these relative benefits have changed over time, perhaps as a result of the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of Congress (SOX) in 2002. We find that cross-listings have been falling on U.S. exchanges as well as on the Main Market in London. This decline in cross-listings is explained by changes in firm characteristics rather than by changes in the benefits of cross-listings. We show that, after controlling for firm characteristics, there is no deficit in cross-listing counts on U.S. exchanges related to SOX. Investigating the cross-listing premium from 1990 to 2005, we find that there is a significant premium for U.S. exchange listings every year, that the premium has not fallen significantly in recent years, that it persists even when allowing for unobservable firm characteristics, and that there is a permanent premium in event time. In contrast, there is no premium for London listings for any year. Cross-listing in the U.S. leads firms to increase their capital-raising activity at home and abroad while a London listing has no such impact. Our evidence is consistent with the theory that an exchange listing in New York has unique governance benefits for foreign firms. These benefits have not been seriously eroded by SOX and cannot be replicated through a London listing.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on IPOs written by Mario Levis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters offer some important new insights into issues that will be of interest not only to the academic community but also to professionals involved in the preparation, structure and execution of such transactions, market regulators, and private a

Download or read book Principles of Corporate Finance Law written by Eilis Ferran and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate finance theory seeks to understand how incorporated firms address the financial constraints that affect their investment decisions. This is achieved by using varied financial instruments that give holders different claims on the firm's assets. Recent scholarship in this area explores precisely how legal mechanisms affect corporate finance and the development of financial markets. The legal environment is crucially important in explaining the choices that companies make about their capital structure. This book combines company law, capital market regulation and commercial law to give readers a detailed understanding of the legal and regulatory issues relating to corporate financial transactions. Informed by insights from the theoretical and empirical work of financial economists, the book examines, from a legal perspective, key elements of corporate financing structures and capital markets in the UK. The authors' practical experience of transactions and regulatory issues ensures that thorough scholarly inquiry and critical reflection are complemented by an assured understanding of the interface between legal principles and rules as they are documented and in their actual operation.

Download or read book Financial Reporting and Disclosure Quality and Emerging Market Companies Access to Capital in Global Markets written by Carol Ann Frost and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines how five financial reporting and disclosure quality proxies are related to emerging markets (EM) firms' cross-listing choices and their access to the global capital market. Our five financial reporting and disclosure quality proxies are transparency of the annual report, global vs. local auditor, global vs. local GAAP, translation of the annual report into English, and voluntary dissemination of information through websites. We first ask whether this set of proxies reflects a single (or two) underlying financial reporting quality constructs using a principal components factor analysis. We find that the proxies are sufficiently distinct to escape parsimonious description as a single construct. This result suggests that EM firms pick and choose from among alternatives to enhance their financial reporting and disclosure quality, rather than moving from low quality to high quality on all dimensions simultaneously. We next document the relations among our reporting and disclosure proxies and EM firms' decisions to be listed or traded in U.S. and U.K. capital markets, after controlling for factors we expected to be associated with firms' cross-listing decisions. Evidence in prior research leaves open the question of the endogeneity of cross-listing and financial reporting and disclosure quality. We find evidence of a strong association between each of our five proxies and EM firms' participation in U.S. and U.K. capital markets, but the variation in the five proxies (plus the controls) explains only about 40% of the variation in firms' cross-listing patterns. This result is important because it suggests that EM firms view being listed or traded in the U.S. or the U.K. as a substitute rather than a complement to enhanced financial reporting and disclosure quality. Finally, we find the reporting and disclosure proxies are not significantly correlated with the amount of debt and equity capital raised in global markets, after controlling for the effects of cross-listing in the U.S. and the U.K. and other control variables. In contrast, firms' cross-listing choices are strongly correlated with amount of capital raised. From this evidence we conclude that, consistent with the bonding hypothesis, EM firms' presence in U.S. and U.K. capital markets is a more important factor in their ability to raise capital than are their financial reporting and disclosure quality choices.

Download or read book Principles of Corporate Finance Law written by Eilís Ferran and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-27 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate finance theory seeks to understand how incorporated firms address the financial constraints that affect their investment decisions. This is achieved by using varied financial instruments that seek to give holders different claims on the firm's assets. Recent scholarship in this area has highlighted the critical importance of the legal environment in explaining the choices that companies make about their capital structure. This book combines company law, capital markets law, and aspects of commercial and insolvency law to give readers a detailed understanding of the legal and regulatory issues relating to corporate finance. Informed by insights from theoretical and empirical work, the book examines from a legal perspective the key elements of corporate financing structures and capital markets in the UK. The authors' practical experience of transactions and regulatory issues ensures that thorough scholarly inquiry and critical reflection are complemented by an assured understanding of the interface between legal principles and rules as they are documented and in their actual operation. Key developments covered in this third edition include the post-Brexit adaptation of UK company law and capital market regulation, important new cases on parent company liability in tort, creditor-facing duties of directors, issuer and director liability for misleading statements to the market, alternatives to public market financing, and recent changes in the practice of debt finance.

Download or read book Stocks for All People s Capitalism in the Twenty First Century written by Petri Mäntysaari and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-12-31 with total page 1037 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public stock markets are too small. This book is an effort to rescue public stock markets in the EU and the US. There should be more companies with publicly-traded shares and more direct share ownership. Anchored in a broad historical study of the regulation of stock markets and companies in Europe and the US, the book proposes ways to create a new regulatory regime designed to help firms and facilitate people’s capitalism. Through its comparative and historical study of regulation and legal practices, the book helps to understand the evolution of public stock markets from the nineteenth century to the present day. The book identifies design principles that reflect prior regulation. While continental European company law has produced many enduring design principles, the recent regulation of stock markets in the EU and the US has failed to serve the needs of both firms and retail investors. The book therefore proposes a new set of design principles to serve contemporary societal needs.

Download or read book Enforcement of Corporate and Securities Law written by Robin Hui Huang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assembles the world's most authoritative specialists for a comparative analysis of the enforcement of corporate and securities laws in thirteen national jurisdictions. It examines the enforcement of corporate and securities laws across the globe and across different legal and political systems from an in-depth comparative perspective.

Download or read book The London Stock Exchange written by Ranald Michie and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2001-04-26 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, the London Stock Exchange will be 200 years old, though its origins go back a century before that. This book traces the history of the London Stock Exchange from its beginnings around 1700 to the present day, chronicling the challenges and opportunities it has faced, avoided, or exploited over the years. Throughout, the history seeks to blend an understanding of the London Stock Exchange as an institution with that of the securities market of which it was - and is - such an important component. One cannot be examined satisfactorily without the other. Without a knowledge of both, for example, the causes of the 'Big Bang' of 1986 would forever remain a mystery. However, the history of the London Stock Exchange is not just worthy of study for what it reveals about the interaction between institution and market. Such was the importance of the London Stock Exchange that its rise to world dominance before 1914, its decline thereafter, and its renaissance from the mid-1980s, explain a great deal about Britain's own economic performance and the working of the international economy. For the first time a British economic institution of foremost importance is studied throughout its entire history, with regard to the roles played and the constraints under which it operated, and the results evaluated against the background of world economic progress.

Download or read book Finance Essentials written by Scott Moeller and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collated by Scott Moeller of Cass Business School, this collection brings together the informative articles a budding finance practitioner needs to operate effectively in today's corporate environment. Bringing together core finance knowledge and cutting-edge research topics in an engaging and effective way, this text is the ideal companion for all practitioners and students of finance. You will find insights into the practical applications of theory in key areas such as balance sheets and cash flow, financial regulation and compliance, funding and investment, governance and ethics, mergers and acquisitions, and operations and performance. Contributors to this collection include some of the leading experts in their respective fields: Aswath Damodaran, Harold Bierman, Jr, Andreas Jobst, Frank J. Fabozzi, Ian Bremmer, Javier Estrada, Marc J. Epstein, Henrik Cronqvist, Daud Vicary Abdullah, Meziane Lasfer, Dean Karlan, Norman Marks, Seth Armitage, and many others. In this collection you will discover: * Over 80 best-practice articles, providing the best guidance on issues ranging from risk management and capital structure optimization through to market responses to M&A transactions and general corporate governance * Over 65 checklists forming step-by-step guides to essential tasks, from hedging interest rates to calculating your total economic capital * 55 carefully selected calculations and ratios to monitor firms' financial health * A fully featured business and finance dictionary with over 5,000 definitions

Download or read book Regulation of Banks and Finance written by Carlos A. Peláez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the financial crisis engulfs the world economy, there is an ambitous agenda for regulatory reform. This book provides a comprehensive review of the analysis of finance, economics and the law and economics, illuminating past and current banking and financial regulation designed to prevent another credit/dollar crisis and global recession.