Download or read book Finite Element Analysis for ASTM C 76 Reinforced Concrete Pipes with Reduced Steel Cage written by Amin Darabnoush Tehrani and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinforced concrete pipes (RCP) are composite pipes which have been widely used in the industry for more than ten decades. They are generally used for sewerage, water drainage, and industrial waste water. There are two methods for designing the RCP so that it will bear the soil weight and the live load on it: Indirect design (ID) and direct design (DD) methods. ASTM C76 (1) classifies pipes into five categories. The five categories of pipes have been classified in order of ascending pipe diameter with their required load and reinforcement's area. Typically, there are two reinforcement types: circumferential and longitudinal. Circumferential reinforcement is placed in two layers in the thickness of the pipe and the longitudinal reinforcements are placed around the circumferential reinforcements. All these reinforcements are placed in one layer, also known as cages. The task of placing two cages of reinforcement is not only tedious but also time consuming, expensive and sometimes unnecessary, especially for pipe classes III, IV and V. In this study, a three dimensional non-linear finite element modeling has been generated by using Abacus, Version 6.14-3, a program which is well known for non-linear finite element analysis, to simulate real pipe behavior for implementation of single cage instead of double cages reinforcements. Simulations were generated for classes III, IV and V with pipe diameters of 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 in. Pipes were modeled by using three different single-cage reinforcement locations, in addition to the original double cage concrete pipe. After which a total of 80 simulations were conducted in order to compare the difference between the single and double cage behavior. In order to verify the simulations, three ASTM standard Three Edge Bearing tests were performed. Pipes were selected and tested according to ASTM C76 and ASTM C497 standards specifications. The study showed one cage of reinforcements in some pipes, satisfies all the ASTM requirements. Thereby making it possible for manufacturers to produce reinforced concrete pipes with a smaller amount of steel reinforcements per foot.
Download or read book Design Proposal for Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pipes Using Finite Element Analysis written by Fouad T. Al Rikabi and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic fibers have been used recently to minimize the use of steel reinforcement cages in concrete pipes. Several studies have been conducted to determine the optimum fiber dosage complying with ASTM C76, Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe , strength requirements. There is still need for a comprehensive design method covering a wide range of pipe diameters. The objective of this study was to develop design tables for synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete pipe similar to those proposed in the ASTM C76 standard. The finite element model of the three-edge bearing test was calibrated and validated using the experimental results from previous work by the authors. The linear and nonlinear behavior of the synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete material was characterized using the concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model. For input data representing concrete material properties, compression strength, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity were determined for five fiber dosages: 0, 4.75, 6, 7, and 9 kg/m 3 . Based on the experimental results, a new modified compression model was adopted to represent the compression behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete in the finite element models. Also, the tension behavior was defined using a model proposed by past research. A parametric study was conducted on four parameters: pipe diameter, pipe wall thickness, fiber dosage, and steel cage area. The parametric study results were summarized in tables that can be used as a reference for a new synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete pipe standard.
Download or read book Expanding Underground Knowledge and Passion to Make a Positive Impact on the World written by Georgios Anagnostou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-12 with total page 3529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding Underground - Knowledge and Passion to Make a Positive Impact on the World contains the contributions presented at the ITA-AITES World Tunnel Congress 2023 (Athens, Greece, 12 – 18 May, 2023). Tunnels and underground space are a predominant engineering practice that can provide sustainable, cost-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions to the ever-growing needs of modern societies. This underground expansion in more diverse and challenging infrastructure types or to novel underground uses can foster the changes needed. At the same time, the tunneling and underground space community needs to be better prepared and equipped with knowledge, tools and experience, to deal with the prevailing conditions, to successfully challenge and overcome adversities on this path. The papers in this book aim at contributing to the analysis of challenging conditions, the presentation and dissemination good practices, the introduction of new concepts, new tools and innovative elements that can help engineers and all stakeholders to reach their end goals. Expanding Underground - Knowledge and Passion to Make a Positive Impact on the World covers a wide range of aspects and topics related to the whole chain of the construction and operation of underground structures: Knowledge and Passion to Expand Underground for Sustainability and Resilience Geological, Geotechnical Site Investigation and Ground Characterization Planning and Designing of Tunnels and Underground Structures Mechanised Tunnelling and Microtunnelling Conventional Tunnelling, Drill-and-Blast Applications Tunnelling in Challenging Conditions - Case Histories and Lessons Learned Innovation, Robotics and Automation BIM, Big Data and Machine Learning Applications in Tunnelling Safety, Risk and Operation of Underground Infrastructure, and Contractual Practices, Insurance and Project Management The book is a must-have reference for all professionals and stakeholders involved in tunneling and underground space development projects.
Download or read book Performance Evaluation and Finite Element Analysis of Fiber Reinforced Precast Concrete Underground Structures written by Ashley Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study aimed at evaluating the performance of BASF Synthetic and Steel fibers as alternative reinforcements in concrete pipes. A total of 93 synthetic fiber and 60 steel fiber reinforced pipes were produced and tested based on the ASTM C497 in order to have a benchmark for comparison with conventionally reinforced concrete pipes. Three production sites with different production equipment were used in different geographical locations in the United States. Standard ASTM C76 diameters of up to 36 in. with "Wall-B" and "Wall-C" were used in this study for both synthetic and steel fibers. Vertical and horizontal load-deformation plots for the majority of the pipes were obtained by instrumenting the test pipes with linear variable displacement transducer (LVDT). The load-deformation plots were recorded for up to 5% of the pipe diameter. The load-deformation plots for steel and synthetic fibers were compared with each other. During production, compressive cylinder and beam specimens from the same mix designs were produced and cured for ASTM C39 and ASTM C1609 tests, respectively. A total of 353 cylinders and 77 beams were produced and tested. The ASTM C1609 beam load deformation plots were compared for different fiber dosages and the area under this curve was calculated for each test specimen and modulus of toughness was calculated and documented. The patterns for material law (constitutive relationship) for low and high fiber dosages of both synthetic and steel fibers were identified. From the ASTM C39 and ASTM 1609 tests, a relationship between the tensile strength and square root of compressive strength was established on all the tests conducted. This study showed that the use of BASF synthetic and steel fibers in concrete pipes as alternative reinforcement is feasible. This study recommends the use of synthetic fibers with adequate dosage for up to 21 in. concrete pipes with "B-Walls," and up to 36 in. concrete pipes with "C-Walls." BASF (Maccafferri) steel fiber pipes are recommended as alternative reinforcement with adequate fiber dosage for up to 24 in. concrete pipes with "B-Wall" and up to 36 in. concrete pipes with "C-Walls." It should be noted that proper fiber dosage is a trial and error process based on local aggregate and cementitious materials and the type of production equipment used, which is also the case for the production of the conventionally reinforced concrete pipe.
Download or read book Articles in ITJEMAST V13 6 2022 written by and published by International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies. This book was released on with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published articles from the International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies 2022
Download or read book Nanotechnology in Construction for Circular Economy written by Wenhui Duan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-24 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book covers emerging opportunities and future use of nanotechnology in construction, including deep advances in cement chemistry, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, robotics, concrete technology, and extreme engineering (blast, impact and fire). The proceedings also presents sectorial interactions within the traditional construction industry supply chain, enabled by the dynamic partnership between international industry, government agencies, and universities. Nanotechnology has transformed the construction materials industry into an advanced manufacturing sector to address climate change and carbon neutrality challenges by delivering sustainable and resilient infrastructure assets. Hence, this book reports specific advances in nanoscience and nano-engineering, and their impacts on numerous novel construction materials including binders, additives, high-performance concrete materials, concrete structural systems, polymer composites, and pavement materials.
Download or read book Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Pipes written by Husain Mohammad and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study deals with structural behavior of reinforced concrete pipes under various loading and support conditions by using nonlinear three-dimensional isoparametric 20-node brick elements. the computer program of three dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete structures, written by Al- Shaarbaf is utilized. The behavior of concrete is investigated by using twenty-node brick elements. The reinforcement bars are idealized as axial members embedded within the brick elements with perfect bond between the concrete and the steel curved bars in a brick element were approximated by straight bars parallel to the main coordinate axes. The behavior of concrete in compression is simulated by an (Elastic- Plastic Work Hardening Model) followed by a perfect plastic response, which is terminated at the onest of crushing. In tension, a smeared crack model with fixed orthogonal cracks has been used with the inclusion of models for the retained post-cracking tensile stress and reduced shear transfer modulus. Loading of the pipes and support conditions were properly considered according to the characteristics of the problem.
Download or read book Concrete Pipe and the Soil structure System written by M. Bealey and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non linear Finite Element based Material Constitutive Law for Zero Slump Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pipe Structures written by Alena Mikhaylova and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents a comprehensive investigation of performance and behavior of steel-fiber reinforced concrete pipes (SFRCP). The main goal of this study is to develop the material constitutive model for steel fiber reinforced concrete used in dry-cast application. To accomplish this goal a range of pipe sizes varying from 15 in. (400 mm) to 48 in. (1200 mm) in diameter and fiber content of 0.17%, 0.25%, 0.33%, 0.5%, 0.67% and 83% by volume were produced. The pipes were tested in three-edge bearing condition to obtain the load-deformation response and overall performance of the pipe. The pipes were also subjected to hydrostatic joint and joint shear tests to evaluate the performance of the fiber-pipe joints for water tightness and under differential displacements, respectively. In addition, testing on hardened concrete was performed to obtain the basic mechanical material properties. High variation in the test results for material testing was identified as a part of experimental investigation. A three-dimensional non-linear finite element model of the pipe under the three edge bearing condition was developed to identify the constitutive material relations of fiber-concrete composite. A constitutive model of concrete implementing the concrete plasticity and continuum fracture mechanics was considered for defining the complex non-linear behavior of fiber-concrete. Three main concrete damage algorithms were examined: concrete brittle cracking, concrete damaged plasticity with adaptive meshing technique and concrete damaged plasticity with visco-plastic regularization. The latter was identified as the most robust and efficient to model the post-cracking behavior of fiber reinforced concrete and was used in the subsequent studies. The tension stiffening material constitutive law for composite concrete was determined by converging the FEM solution of load-deformation response with the results of experimental testing. This was achieved by iteratively modifying the non-linear material model of concrete properties in tension until the load-deformation response matched the one of experimental testing. Based on the results of finite element simulations the mathematical expressions for the material constitutive law for concrete composite were obtained using the least squares approach. Internal moments, shear and thrust forced developed in the pipe under the three-edge bearing were determined. In addition, finite element model of pipe-soil interaction was developed to determine the deflections of the pipe under a range of backfill heights. A part of this research was a qualitative evaluation of fiber distribution in concrete pipe using statistical approach. The study revealed that the variation of fiber distribution varies with the fiber content in concrete. This study has resulted in the development of a stand-alone performance based specification (ASTM C1765-13) for steel fiber reinforced concrete pipes, which has been approved in 2013.
Download or read book Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures written by Alex C. Scordelis and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concrete Pressure Pipe 3rd Ed written by American Water Works Association and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2008 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive manual of water supply practices explains the design, selection, specification, installation, transportation, and pressure testing of concrete pressure pipes in potable water service.
Download or read book Conduits Culverts and Pipes written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fiber reinforced Cement Composites written by Perumalsamy N. Balaguru and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1992 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanics of Fiber and Textile Reinforced Cement Composites written by Barzin Mobasher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among all building materials, concrete is the most commonly used-and there is a staggering demand for it. However, as we strive to build taller structures with improved seismic resistance or durable pavement with an indefinite service life, we require materials with better performance than the conventional materials used today. Considering the enor
Download or read book Feature Papers written by Michael Henson and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Feature Papers" that was published in Processes
Download or read book An Asset Management Approach for Drainage Infrastructure and Culverts written by Mohammad Najafi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drainage infrastructure systems (culvert, storm sewer, outfall and related drainage elements) are mostly buried underground and are in need of special attention in terms of proactive/preventive asset management strategy. Drainage infrastructure systems represent an integral portion of roadway assets that routinely require inspection, maintenance, repair and renewal. Further challenges are the wide geospatial distribution of these infrastructure assets and environmental exposure. There has been considerable research conducted on culverts, but mostly looked at the problem from a traditional structural/geotechnical perspective. Asset management procedures for culverts and drainage infrastructure systems are complex issues, and can benefit a great deal from an optimal asset management program that draws from programs pertaining to buried pipes. The first and most important step in an asset management initiative is the establishment of mechanism for asset inventory and asset conditions in a format compatible with the routine procedures of field operators and inspectors. The first objective of this research project was to develop field protocols and operational business rules for inventory data collection and management and inspection of drainage infrastructures in terms of types of data to be collected, frequency of inspection, and analysis and reporting mechanisms. After review of these protocols by the project oversight committee, a pilot study was conducted to verify efficiency of their implementation. The condition assessment protocol introduced is useful in evaluating the overall condition of culverts and can be used for decision making regarding the repair, renewal or replacement of culverts. For the second objective of this project, investigators examined the inventory and inspection protocols employed by Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and developed a decision support platform, which establishes a link between the inspection results and appropriate repair, renewal and replacement procedures. After applying the recommended procedures, the transportation agencies can better track the conditions of culverts thereby reducing the risks of culvert failures.
Download or read book Design of Prestressed Concrete written by Nilson and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1987-04-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
