Download or read book Fertility tempo and quantum an empirical test of major theories with data from four FFS countries written by P. Di Giulia and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strong family and low fertility a paradox written by Gianpiero Dalla Zuanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New perspectives in interpreting contemporary family and reproductive - haviour of Mediterranean Europe 1. THE NEW GEOGRAPHY OF FERTILITY AND THE FAMILY IN EUROPE The countries of southern Europe have begun to reduce conjugal fertility at a later date compared to most other nations in the west. This has been - plained by means of the category of delay: the backwardness of the pr- esses of accumulation and economic development being seen as the cause of the maintaining of the reproductive models of the past. Moreover, the inf- ence of the Catholic Church in Italy, Spain and Portugal is supposed to have delayed the processes of secularisation, rendering difficult the changes in mentality necessary for assuming modern patterns of reproductive behaviour not only for fertility, but also for the variables which are strictly linked to it, such as sexuality, contraception and abortion (Livi Bacci, 1977; Lesthaeghe and Wilson, 1986). 1. 1. The trends of very low fertility Now the panorama is very different. Since the mid-seventies, southern Europe has been washed by the tide of a lowest-low fertility (i. e. , TFR under 1. 5 for several a prolonged period, Billari et al. , 2003), which in some areas 1 has reached and maintained scarcely imaginable levels for years on end. Conversely, other areas of Europe, where fertility started to fall many d- ades earlier than in the regions of the sourth, have recovered or maintained considerably higher levels of fertility, often close to replacement level.
Download or read book Genders in the Life Course written by Antonella Pinnelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-06 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a comprehensive and hugely important treatment of the topic of gender and demographic behaviour. It covers a lot of ground, from the age at first intercourse, through union formation and dissolution, to subjects such as fertility, migration, and ageing. It also examines in detail excess male mortality and provides a comparison of gender-specific behaviour and its determinants. It reports new findings of empirical research, mostly based on data from a number of European countries, making good use of Family and Fertility surveys and other international databases.
Download or read book Women and Men in Political and Business Elites written by Mino Vianello and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2004-09-18 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ··Awarded the Descartes Prize 2004 of the European Commission·· How do gender inequalities translate at the top of politics and business? Is the gender gap eliminated for the most influential players in industrial democratic society? This informed and compelling analysis examines the demographic characteristics, family circumstances and career paths of a group of elite women. The book is noteworthy for being one of the first empirically based studies of women elites. Drawing on a sample from no less than 27 countries, a convincing and highly original picture is constructed that informs readers of career paths, values, social networks and gender battles for women elites. Co-ordinated by Mino Vianello and Gwen Moore, the research fills in a huge gap about how power actually operates in industrial-democratic societies. It enables us to test the view that substantial equality between the sexes has been achieved in the twenty first century. It constitutes a landmark work, both in the study of gender difference and the analysis of power. The findings will be of interest to academics and advanced students in a wide range of disciplines including stratification, globalization, political science, international relations, gender, sociology, organizational studies and much more.
Download or read book Dynamics of Fertility and Partnership in Europe written by United Nations Population Fund and published by New York and Geneva : United Nations. This book was released on 2002 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a product of the Fertility and Family Survey (FFS) project, which was conducted between 1988 and 1999 by the Population Activities Unit (PAU) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), with financial support from the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). The objectives of the project were: 1) to conduct comparable Fertility and Family Surveys in UNECE member countries; 2) to create and archive FFS Standard Recode Files (SRFs); 3) to prepare FFS Standard Country Reports (SCRs); 4) to carry out a program of cross-country comparative research. The FFS IWG organized an end-of-project conference; the FFS Flagship Conference became an occasion for many researchers to present their findings of comparative analyses based on FFS data, in particular those studying partnership and fertility behavior. Volume one presents selected contributions to the FFS Flagship Conference solicited by the Organising Committee of the Conference. The second volume presents contributions received in response to a call for papers issued by the Organising Committee.
Download or read book Current Sociology written by and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliographies.
Download or read book Population Trends written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Quantum and Tempo of Fertility written by John Bongaarts and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study offers a method for removing the effects of tempo distortions from the total fertility rate (TFR). The aim is to advance understanding of the level and trend of past fertility for generating better projections. Correcting for period effects is important due to the heavy reliance on TFR as a demographic measure. TFR is an average of the number of births a woman would have during her reproductive years (ages 15-49 years). TFR should reflect the changes in the timing of childbearing, the relationships between period and cohort measures, the nature and validity of period measures, and the extent to which fertility should include controls for age, parity, duration of marriage, or other demographic factors. Life table measures that standardize for parity or duration in parity do not address the distortions of changes in the timing of childbearing. A decline in the cohort size leads to changes in the mean age of childbearing that do not represent true tempo effects. The proposed method assumes fertility changes by period, duration since last birth, parity, and age, but not by cohort. It is calculated by dividing the observed TFR at each birth order by 1 minus the change in mean age at childbearing at order "i" during the year. Situations include where only births of order one occur, all women in every birth cohort have their first births at a single exact age, all births occur at equal intervals during the year, and all cohorts have the same number of women. The model is tested for the US and Taiwan. The method adjusts for the later age at childbearing and reveals close to replacement fertility in the 1970s and 1980s in the US.
Download or read book Population written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Childlessness in Europe Contexts Causes and Consequences written by Michaela Kreyenfeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-11 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This open access book provides an overview of childlessness throughout Europe. It offers a collection of papers written by leading demographers and sociologists that examine contexts, causes, and consequences of childlessness in countries throughout the region.The book features data from all over Europe. It specifically highlights patterns of childlessness in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Finland, Sweden, Austria and Switzerland. An additional chapter on childlessness in the United States puts the European experience in perspective. The book offers readers such insights as the determinants of lifelong childlessness, whether governments can and should counteract increasing childlessness, how the phenomenon differs across social strata and the role economic uncertainties play. In addition, the book also examines life course dynamics and biographical patterns, assisted reproduction as well as the consequences of childlessness. Childlessness has been increasing rapidly in most European countries in recent decades. This book offers readers expert analysis into this issue from leading experts in the field of family behavior. From causes to consequences, it explores the many facets of childlessness throughout Europe to present a comprehensive portrait of this important demographic and sociological trend.
Download or read book Pension Reform written by Robert Holzmann and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents 25 state of the art papers on the conceptual foundations and issues surrounding Non-financial, or Notional, Defined Contribution (NDC), country implementation of NDC (Italy, Latvia, Poland, and Sweden) and case studies for countries where NDC is figured in the reform debate. This book is intended to be a handbook for academics and policy makers who want to become informed about what NDC is and to learn about the pros and cons of this attractive reform proposal.
Download or read book The New Demographic Regime written by United Nations, Economic Commission for Europe and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains papers presented at the European Population Forum 2004, held in Geneva in January 2004, under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFP). The Forum discussed a range of issues organised under four key themes: global population and development trends from a European perspective; childbearing and parenting in low-fertility countries; morbidity, mortality and reproductive health challenges in transition economies; international migration and ways of promoting management and integration.
Download or read book Causal Analysis in Population Studies written by Henriette Engelhardt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-05 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central aim of many studies in population research and demography is to explain cause-effect relationships among variables or events. For decades, population scientists have concentrated their efforts on estimating the ‘causes of effects’ by applying standard cross-sectional and dynamic regression techniques, with regression coefficients routinely being understood as estimates of causal effects. The standard approach to infer the ‘effects of causes’ in natural sciences and in psychology is to conduct randomized experiments. In population studies, experimental designs are generally infeasible. In population studies, most research is based on non-experimental designs (observational or survey designs) and rarely on quasi experiments or natural experiments. Using non-experimental designs to infer causal relationships—i.e. relationships that can ultimately inform policies or interventions—is a complex undertaking. Specifically, treatment effects can be inferred from non-experimental data with a counterfactual approach. In this counterfactual perspective, causal effects are defined as the difference between the potential outcome irrespective of whether or not an individual had received a certain treatment (or experienced a certain cause). The counterfactual approach to estimate effects of causes from quasi-experimental data or from observational studies was first proposed by Rubin in 1974 and further developed by James Heckman and others. This book presents both theoretical contributions and empirical applications of the counterfactual approach to causal inference.
Download or read book The Contraceptive Revolution written by Charles F. Westoff and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-08 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is the full report of the 1970 National Fertility Study, a national sample survey for which thousands of women were interviewed who had been married at some time and were of reproductive age when they were interviewed. The book assesses the growth in the use of the pill and the IUD, the increasing reliance on contraceptive sterilization, and both the intended and the unwanted fertility of American women. The volume opens with an introduction to the survey and its methods. Contraceptive practice in 1970 is then compared with data for 1965, and an analysis is supplied of trends since 1955 in the attitudes of Roman Catholics. Originally published in 1977. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Sustainability of Rice in the Global Food System written by Noreen G. Dowling and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1998 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Report written by International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science, and Technology for Development (Project) and published by Iaastd. This book was released on 2009 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In addition to assessing existing conditions and knowledge, the IAASTD uses a simple set of model projections to look at the future, based on knowledge from past events and existing trends such as population growth, rural/urban food and poverty dynamics, loss of agricultural land, water availability, and climate change effects. This set of volumes comprises the findings of the IAASTD. It consists of a Global Report, a brief Synthesis Report, and 5 subglobal reports. Taken as a whole, the IAASTD reports are an indispensable reference for anyone working in the field of agriculture and rural development, whether at the level of basic research, policy, or practice."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Climate Resilience and Environmental Sustainability Approaches written by Anubha Kaushik and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is about climate resilience and environmental sustainability approaches, discussing knowledge at global level and the local challenges, presented by authors from various countries. Environmental sustainability is at stake and implications of climate change are clearly visible in most parts of the world. In the times of the prevailing global environmental crisis, this book discusses key issues of climate change and sustainable energy alternatives, waste management and development. It discusses climate change scenario using simulation models in various Asian countries, signatures of climate change in Antarctica, implications in the Indian Ocean and the Indian scenario of REDD+. A special focus has been given on building climate resilience in our agricultural ecosystems and sustainable agriculture. It discusses the prospects and challenges of renewable energy options including biofuels and energy from wastewaters, explores the technical aspects of eco-friendly bioremediation of pollutants, sustainable solid waste management practices and challenges, carbon footprints of industry, and emphasizes on the significance of combining traditional knowledge with modern technology with novel approaches including involvement of social enterprises and corporate social responsibility to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This is an important document for researchers and policy makers working in multidisciplinary fields of sustainability sciences.
