Download or read book Factors which Control Knocking in Gas Engine Cylinders written by Theodore Robert Corbett and published by . This book was released on 1931 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relation of Preignition and Knock to Allowable Engine Temperatures written by Arnold E. Biermann and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results are given of an investigation of some of the limitations that now prevent increases in the temperature level of engine cylinder heads, and a review of previous work in the field is included to supplement these results. Attention was given, in particular, to the effects of fuel knock and surface ignition on cylinder temperatures and the effects of cylinder temperatures on performance. Data were obtained from a Wright C9GC air-cooled cylinder and from a Lycoming O-1230 liquid-cooled cylinder.
Download or read book Knocking in Gasoline Engines written by Michael Günther and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book includes the papers presented at the conference discussing approaches to prevent or reliably control knocking and other irregular combustion events. The majority of today’s highly efficient gasoline engines utilize downsizing. High mean pressures produce increased knocking, which frequently results in a reduction in the compression ratio at high specific powers. Beyond this, the phenomenon of pre-ignition has been linked to the rise in specific power in gasoline engines for many years. Charge-diluted concepts with high compression cause extreme knocking, potentially leading to catastrophic failure. The introduction of RDE legislation this year will further grow the requirements for combustion process development, as residual gas scavenging and enrichment to improve the knock limit will be legally restricted despite no relaxation of the need to reach the main center of heat release as early as possible. New solutions in thermodynamics and control engineering are urgently needed to further increase the efficiency of gasoline engines.
Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Download or read book Effect of Spark Advance and Fuel on Knocking Tendency of Spark Ignited Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Knock, in spark ignition engine is the combustion caused by the autoignition of the fuel-air mixture. It is the phenomenon that limits engine performance and thermal efficiency. Knock also has an adverse effect on emissions and fuel economy. Engine designers target engines with maximum power and torque output without compromising on fuel economy. Engine downsizing is the method generally adopted. The main goal of engine downsizing is to achieve better fuel economy while increasing the power and torque output of the engine. Better fuel economy is achieved by reducing the displaced volume which in turn means a much higher brake mean effective pressure. It is common for downsized engines to have BMEP values higher than 20 bar. As a comparison, this value reduces to about 15 bar without downsizing for the same power output. To compensate for the reduced volume, boosting devices like turbochargers or superchargers are incorporated. This increased pressure leads to a higher temperature of the compressed mixture. As a result, the self-ignition temperature is attained quicker than expected which promotes the occurrence of knock. When targeting high engine outputs at lower speeds, sustained knocking events can prove to cause catastrophic engine damage. The need to understand the phenomenon of knock as completely as possible is extremely important. Elimination of knock will prove to be vital for further engine development. The major factors affecting knock are the octane rating of the fuel, spark timing, compression ratio of the engine, the percentage of exhaust gas re-circulation employed and lambda value. This report studies the effect of changing the fuel octane rating and spark timing on intensity of knock. The report briefly introduces knock, theories of its occurrence, detection methods and control techniques. Three fuels, E10 87, E0 91 and E15 91 were tested on a spark ignited, liquid cooled, two-cylinder carbureted engine. The fuels were selected as they represent a range of octane ratings usually available for daily use. In-cylinder pressure and crankcase vibrations are the two parameters used for knock detection. Each fuel was tested for a set of three spark timings set 10 CAD apart. With an increase in spark advance, the knocking intensity increases when all other engine operating parameters are maintained constant. From the comparison of results for E0 91 and E15 91 fuels it can be concluded that the knock intensity decreases with an increase in ethanol content when all other engine operating conditions, including fuel octane rating and spark advance, were kept unchanged. Finally, the comparison of results from E0 91 and E10 87 fuels exhibit mixed effects of rise in ethanol levels and drop in octane rating on the knock intensity. While, for lower loads, the effect of increase in octane rating dominates resulting in lower knock intensity for E0 91, for higher loads the increase in ethanol content seems to have an upper hand resulting in lower knock intensity for E10 87 fuel.
Download or read book Applied Combustion written by Eugene L. Keating and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-03-09 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this practical text offers a broad introduction to the engineering principles of chemical energy conversion. Eugene L. Keating, Ph.D., P.E., a recognized authority within academia, government, and industry, examines combustion science and technology using fundamental principles. Thermochemical engineering data and design formu
Download or read book The Knocking Characteristics of Fuels in Relation to Maximum Permissible Performance of Aircraft Engines written by Addison May Rothrock and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Knock Mitigation on Boosted Controlled Auto Ignition Engines with Fuel Stratification and Exhaust Gas Recycling written by Wen Sang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is carried out to understand the mechanism of using fuel stratification and Exhaust Gas Recycling (EGR) for knock mitigation on boosted Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAl) engines. Experiments were first conducted on Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) to profile the ignition characteristic of the specific fuel used, and to explain the dilution effects of air and inert gas. Then the effect of fuel stratification and EGR were systematically examined on a production engine (modified 1.9 L Renault F9Q B800 common rail diesel engine) based test bench. The engine performance was interpreted with the auto-ignition fundamentals to sort out the intrinsic links among CAI engine knock propensity, engine operational parameters, and fuel stratification as well as EGR dilution extent. The nature of CAI engine knock, the metric of the phenomenon, and the theoretical rationales behind using fuel stratification and EGR for heat release control are reviewed before the experiment results are reported. RCM tests show that the sensitivity of fuel ignition delay to equivalence ratio varies with the ignition temperature, and higher sensitivity in the NTC region is preferred to make fuel stratification useful. With fixed fuel concentration, air dilution slightly reduces the ignition delay, while inert gas dilution could increase the ignition delay by a factor of 5. Inert gas dilution was found slowing down the fast heat release effectively for ignition temperature around NTC region. This indicates strong effect of EGR for CAI combustion knock mitigation. Engine tests demonstrates that fuel stratification has high potential for CAI knock mitigation, but its effect heavily depends on the extent of fuel stratification, engine configuration, and in-cylinder conditions. While 80% improvement on knock performance can be achieved with mid-compression stroke direct injection (DI), 400% higher knock intensity could also occur for late Dl. EGR was found effective in retarding combustion phasing and reducing knock intensity, attribute to its effect on both in-cylinder temperature control and heat release curbing, yet misfire could happen with too much EGR. With dual injections, the ratio of premixed fuel to directly injected fuel decreases the effect of fuel stratification in all aspects. Higher intake temperature deteriorates the knock performance. Higher engine speed retards the combustion phasing and enhances the fuel stratification extent and effect. Analysis shows that CAI knock tendency is largely determined by the in-cylinder temperature governed by combustion phasing, and many factors directly or indirectly influences the results. The primary effect of fuel stratification is on combustion phasing, although the heat release rate is also affected at the same combustion phasing. To better take advantage of fuel stratification and EGR for CAI knock mitigation, the engine operating parameters have to be in the right range. This research work could serve as a reference for future development of CAI engines with capability of knock free high load operations.
Download or read book The Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers written by and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Gas Temperatures from the Frequency of Knock induced Gas Vibrations in an Internal combustion Engine written by Wolfgang E. Moeckel and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this report was to develop a method of obtaining gas temperatures from the frequency of knock-induced gas vibrations in and internal combustion engine cylinder.
Download or read book Engines written by John L. Lumley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovative text focusing on engine design and fluid dynamics, with numerous illustrations and a web-based software tool.
Download or read book Wartime Report written by and published by . This book was released on 194? with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductions of reports, some declassified, of research done at Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory during World War II. The order of reports does not represent when they were chronologically issued. Reference to the original version of each report is included.
Download or read book Pistons and engine testing written by Mahle GmbH and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-26 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die immer weiter steigenden Anforderungen an Verbrennungsmotoren machen auch vor dessen Herzstück – dem Kolben – nicht Halt. Für weniger Gewicht, Reibung oder auch noch mehr Verschleißfestigkeit sind tiefe Kenntnisse über die innermotorischen Prozesse sowie die geeigneten Werkstoffe, Konstruktions- und Bearbeitungsverfahren für Kolben inklusive der erforderlichen Erprobungsmaßnahmen notwendig. Ohne dieses spezifische Know-how kommt kein Fachmann der Kfz-Technik mehr aus, unabhängig ob er in der Konstruktion, der Entwicklung, der Erprobung oder der Instandhaltung tätig ist. Dieses Fachbuch beantwortet alle Fragen ausführlich, anschaulich und verständlich.
Download or read book Combustion Engine Diagnosis written by Rolf Isermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers first a short introduction to advanced supervision, fault detection and diagnosis methods. It then describes model-based methods of fault detection and diagnosis for the main components of gasoline and diesel engines, such as the intake system, fuel supply, fuel injection, combustion process, turbocharger, exhaust system and exhaust gas aftertreatment. Additionally, model-based fault diagnosis of electrical motors, electric, pneumatic and hydraulic actuators and fault-tolerant systems is treated. In general series production sensors are used. It includes abundant experimental results showing the detection and diagnosis quality of implemented faults. Written for automotive engineers in practice, it is also of interest to graduate students of mechanical and electrical engineering and computer science.
Download or read book Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers written by and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. 30-54 (1932-46) issued in 2 separately paged sections: General editorial section and a Transactions section. Beginning in 1947, the Transactions section is continued as SAE quarterly transactions.
Download or read book The Theory Practice of Heat Engines written by and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engine Modeling and Control written by Rolf Isermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demands for internal combustion engines with regard to fuel consumption, emissions and driveability lead to more actuators, sensors and complex control functions. A systematic implementation of the electronic control systems requires mathematical models from basic design through simulation to calibration. The book treats physically-based as well as models based experimentally on test benches for gasoline (spark ignition) and diesel (compression ignition) engines and uses them for the design of the different control functions. The main topics are: - Development steps for engine control - Stationary and dynamic experimental modeling - Physical models of intake, combustion, mechanical system, turbocharger, exhaust, cooling, lubrication, drive train - Engine control structures, hardware, software, actuators, sensors, fuel supply, injection system, camshaft - Engine control methods, static and dynamic feedforward and feedback control, calibration and optimization, HiL, RCP, control software development - Control of gasoline engines, control of air/fuel, ignition, knock, idle, coolant, adaptive control functions - Control of diesel engines, combustion models, air flow and exhaust recirculation control, combustion-pressure-based control (HCCI), optimization of feedforward and feedback control, smoke limitation and emission control This book is an introduction to electronic engine management with many practical examples, measurements and research results. It is aimed at advanced students of electrical, mechanical, mechatronic and control engineering and at practicing engineers in the field of combustion engine and automotive engineering.
