Download or read book Fabrication of Highly Conductive and Flexible Hybrid Carbon Nanofilms written by Min Jeong and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene are the two most conductive members among carbon nanomaterials. For industrial applications, these nanomaterials are attracting great attention for fabrication of flexible conducting films. However, the electronic performance of either CNT or graphene film has yet to reach their theoretical expectations due to high resistance and tunneling/Schottky barriers at the junctions between nanotubes or between graphene sheets. One of the important observations was that CNTs and graphene sheets can be crosslinked during and/or after film fabrication, which largely decrease inter-tube or inter-sheet resistance. However, the current solution-processing techniques for the film fabrication, such as spin coating, layer-by-layer assembly, and vacuum filtration have disadvantages and limitations. In this thesis, we developed an efficient film assembly approach as well as a facile transfer process. The first chapter of this thesis provides an overview on structure and properties of CNTs and graphene. In the second chapter, we used our newly developed microwave-enabled dispersion technique to synthesize highly conductive dispersible CNTs and graphene with low-density of oxygen-containing groups, without a need of surfactant/stabilizer. As we fabricated Microwave-enabled low-oxygen multi-walled nanotube only (ME-LOMWNT-only), Microwave-enabled low-oxygen graphene only (ME-LOGr-only), and ME-LOMWNT/ME-LOGr hybrid films using vacuum filtration, we found that the hybrid films are highly conductive relative to either the ME-LOMWNT-only or ME-LOGr-only film. The conductivity of the hybrid films depends on their composition, where a weight ratio of 97/3 between MWNTs and graphene reached the highest conductivity of 247,812 S m-1, which is two times higher than those of SWNT/graphene hybrid films reported by Coleman et al. 8 In this work, we found crosslinks between MWNTs and graphene, which could be further promoted in acidic environment. These crosslinks between MWCNT and graphene enhanced the film conductivity. The aim of the third chapter was to fabricate high quality graphene films and MWNT/graphene hybrid films using interfacial self-assembly approach. We observed the different assembly behavior of ME-LOMWNT and ME-LOGr due to their different shape and surface energy. Then, we optimized the parameters to fabricate high quality of ME-LOMWNT/ME-LOGr hybrid films. Moreover, we developed an efficient approach to transfer the self-assembled film at this water/oil interface onto substrates for future electrical characterization and device fabrications.
Download or read book Microwave Enabled Dispersion of Highly Conductive Carbon Nanomaterials and Their Interfacial Assemblies written by Pui Lam Chiu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to its phenomenal mechanical characteristics and remarkable electrical properties, graphene, a perfect single-atomic thick two-dimensional lattice carbon layer, has attracted extensive attention in nanoscience and condensed matter physics. With all the similarities, it is believed that graphene can compete with or even surpass carbon nanotubes in many fields, and it is expected to replace silicon in many electronic applications and in other advanced technologies. A single layer of graphene sheet was first isolated in 2004 from highly oriented pyrolysis graphite with Scotch tape. The invention of "The Scotch-tape" method seems very simple, and it has enabled a whole new path in many graphene-based research areas. It also resulted in Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov's winning the 2010 Nobel Prize in physics. This solvent-free method however suffers from low yields, low repeatability, and being extremely labor intensive. Solution-based fabrications have shown to be able to overcome these problems. However, the next challenge in the graphene research field and applications is the tedious chemical path that is required to convert oxidized graphene using toxic chemicals, such as hydrazine. In this thesis, we first developed a novel and an unprecedentedly fast and simple approach to directly exfoliate graphite flakes with the aid of both nitronium ion and microwave irradiation with the aim of solving the main research problems in the field. To utilize the produced graphene in practical applications, our knowledge of interfacial science was exploited to controllably self-assemble these wonderful materials into desired structures. The research results combined with an introduction of the development and future aspects of these fields will be presented in the five chapters of this thesis. Chapter 1 will include a general overview of basic but important information concerning the two main carbon-based materials, carbon nanotubes and graphene. Their structures, physical properties, methods of fabrications and applications will be discussed in depth. In addition, interfacial science for self-assembly of nanomaterials will be summarized. In Chapter 2, an efficient, simple and promising way to prepare graphene sheets directly from graphite flakes with the aid of nitronium ions and microwave irradiation will be presented. Knowledge of the chemistries related to nitronium ions and microwave has enabled us to purposely omit strong oxidants, such as KMnO4, with an aim not to heavily oxidize the materials, as many methods are based on, thus reduction reactions can be completely avoided. Experimental results demonstrate that this non-destructive method resulted in concentrated stable dispersions of flat, high-quality, conductive graphene sheets in both aqueous and organic solvents. This mildly oxidized material was extensively characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In chapter 3, we extended the nitronium ions and microwave enabled dispersed approach to carbon nanotubes. Different sources of both single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were tested and the results showed that all the CNTs from different sources can be quickly dispersed into aqueous solutions with remarkably high concentrations compared to those of graphene solutions even though the same parameters were applied during dispersion. We found that depending on the existence of a small amount of defects from the original CNT sources, the yield, and quality of the dispersed CNTs are varied. With a long term aim of fabricating highly transparent and conductive films to replace Indium tin oxide (ITO) in a wide variety of optoelectronic devices, in Chapter 4, a new method referred to as an interfacial self-assembly approach is developed to assemble the microwave dispersed graphene and CNTs into highly conductive films. The self-assembly behavior of graphene, CNT, and a mixture of graphene and CNT with different ratios were studied separately, and the knowledge obtained was used to fabricate graphene, CNT, and a hybrid of graphene-CNT thin films at an oil/water interface, respectively. Compared to the generally used vacuum filtration method, this new approach does not need any membrane, thus theoretically any size film can be easily fabricated. To transfer the formed films to substrates for practical applications, a simple film-transferring method was also developed. The films fabricated with different film fabrication methods will also be compared and a systematic study on how the compositions of these two materials affect the performance of the final films will be summarized. The dispersed graphene sheets are often composed with graphene sheets of different sizes, to separate them for different applications. In Chapter 5, interfacial self-assembly reactions were also applied to separate the graphene sheets based on their size-and electronic-dependent surface energies Chapter 6 will then focus on fine-tuning the surface chemistry of the graphene sheets and the oil/water ratio to efficiently emulsify the graphene sheets into core-shell capsules for drug delivery applications. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAA), a thermally sensitive polymer is introduced to form a temperature-sensitive and stable oil-in-water microemulsion with the ability to release the encapsulated materials in a graphene/PNIPAA shell above its transition temperature. Experimental observations show that the emulsion with graphene has a slightly increased transitional temperature from 34 °C to 38 °C.
Download or read book Recent Developments in the Field of Carbon Fibers written by Rita Khanna and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-25 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon fibres are lightweight, chemically stable materials with high mechanical strength, and have state-of-the-art applications in aerospace, marine, construction and automotive sectors. The demand for carbon fibre?based components is expected to grow dramatically with expanding opportunities for lightweight metals and composites. Although this field has achieved a high level of maturity, nanoscale developments in carbon fibres have seen dramatic improvements in the functions of conventional biomaterials and composites. This book reveals several new developments in the field to enhance characteristics of carbon fibres and their composites, novel applications for tissue engineering, biological scaffoldings and implants, recycling and reuse of end-of-life CFRP and manufacturing waste and other issues of concern in the field of carbon fibres.
Download or read book Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage written by Huan Pang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive review of functional nanomaterials for electrochemical applications, presenting interesting examples of nanomaterials with different dimensions and their applications in electrochemical energy storage. It also discusses the synthesis of functional nanomaterials, including quantum dots; one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures; and advanced nanocomposites. Highlighting recent advances in current electrochemical energy storage hotpots: lithium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, other metal-ion batteries, halogen ion batteries, and metal–gas batteries, this book will appeal to readers in the various fields of chemistry, material science and engineering.
Download or read book Transparent Conductive Materials written by David Levy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by well-known pioneers in the field, this handbook and ready reference provides a comprehensive overview of transparent conductive materials with a strong application focus. Following an introduction to the materials and recent developments, subsequent chapters discuss the synthesis and characterization as well as the deposition techniques that are commonly used for energy harvesting and light emitting applications. Finally, the book concludes with a look at future technological advances. All-encompassing and up-to-date, this interdisciplinary text runs the gamut from chemistry and materials science to engineering, from academia to industry, and from fundamental challenges to readily available applications.
Download or read book 21st Century Nanoscience A Handbook written by Klaus D. Sattler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date reference is the most comprehensive summary of the field of nanoscience and its applications. It begins with fundamental properties at the nanoscale and then goes well beyond into the practical aspects of the design, synthesis, and use of nanomaterials in various industries. It emphasizes the vast strides made in the field over the past decade – the chapters focus on new, promising directions as well as emerging theoretical and experimental methods. The contents incorporate experimental data and graphs where appropriate, as well as supporting tables and figures with a tutorial approach.
Download or read book Hybrid Nanofillers for Polymer Reinforcement written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-08-12 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Nanofillers for Polymer Reinforcement: Synthesis, Assembly, Characterization, and Applications provides a targeted approach to hybrid nanostructures, enabling the development of these advanced nanomaterials for specific applications. The book begins by reviewing the status of hybrid nanostructures, their current applications, and future opportunities. This is followed by chapters examining synthesis and characterization techniques, as well as interactions within nanohybrid systems. The second part of the book provides detailed chapters each highlighting a particular application area and discussing the preparation of various hybrid nano systems that can potentially be utilized in that area. The last chapters turn towards notable state-of-the-art hybrid nanomaterials and their properties and applications. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students across polymer science, nanotechnology, rubber technology, chemistry, sustainable materials, and materials engineering, as well as scientists, engineers, and R&D professionals with an interest in hybrid nanostructures or advanced nanomaterials for a industrial application. - Provides synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and structure-property analysis for hybrid nanostructures - Offers in-depth coverage that focuses on specific applications across energy storage, environment, automotive, aerospace, construction and biomedicine - Includes the latest novel areas, such as elastomeric hybrid nano systems, hybrid ceramic polymer nanocomposites, and self-assembled structures
Download or read book Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting written by Alper Erturk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of vibrations into electric energy through the use of piezoelectric devices is an exciting and rapidly developing area of research with a widening range of applications constantly materialising. With Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, world-leading researchers provide a timely and comprehensive coverage of the electromechanical modelling and applications of piezoelectric energy harvesters. They present principal modelling approaches, synthesizing fundamental material related to mechanical, aerospace, civil, electrical and materials engineering disciplines for vibration-based energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting provides the first comprehensive treatment of distributed-parameter electromechanical modelling for piezoelectric energy harvesting with extensive case studies including experimental validations, and is the first book to address modelling of various forms of excitation in piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from airflow excitation to moving loads, thus ensuring its relevance to engineers in fields as disparate as aerospace engineering and civil engineering. Coverage includes: Analytical and approximate analytical distributed-parameter electromechanical models with illustrative theoretical case studies as well as extensive experimental validations Several problems of piezoelectric energy harvesting ranging from simple harmonic excitation to random vibrations Details of introducing and modelling piezoelectric coupling for various problems Modelling and exploiting nonlinear dynamics for performance enhancement, supported with experimental verifications Applications ranging from moving load excitation of slender bridges to airflow excitation of aeroelastic sections A review of standard nonlinear energy harvesting circuits with modelling aspects.
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-09-13 with total page 1667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook examines the recent advances in the nanotechnology of polymers and ceramics, which possess outstanding mechanical properties and compatibility given their unique physical and chemical properties caused by the unusually large surface area to volume ratios and high interfacial reactivity. This handbook highlights the various compositions and morphologies of polymer and ceramic nanomaterials that can serve as powerful tools for the diverse applications in areas such as electronics, photonics, shape-memory alloys, biomaterials and biomedical nanomaterials, graphene-based technologies, and textiles and packaging. The handbook addresses safety, economics, green production and sustainability. The book contains a section on functionalization of these molecules, which only increases the possibility of developing even more versatile materials that can be fine-tuned for specific applications. Filling a gap in the literature, this handbook provides comprehensive coverage of properties, fabrication, characterization, functionalization methods and applications at both experimental and theoretical models scales. Economic, toxicological, regulatory, and environmental concerns regarding applications are also discussed in detail. Special attention is paid to sustainable approaches that reduce costs in terms of chemicals and time consumption. The book covers research trends, challenges, and prospective topics as well.
Download or read book Metal Organic Frameworks Based Hybrid Materials for Environmental Sensing and Monitoring written by Ram K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-06-22 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an unprecedented population boom and rapid industrial development, environmental pollution has become a severe problem for the ecosystem and public health. Classical techniques for sensing and determining environmental contaminants often require complex pretreatments, expensive equipment, and longer testing times. Therefore, new, and state-of-the-art sensing technologies possessing the advantages of excellent sensitivity, rapid detection, ease of use, and suitability for in situ, real-time, and continuous monitoring of environmental pollutants, are highly desirable. Metal-Organic Frameworks-based Hybrid Materials for Environmental Sensing and Monitoring covers the current-state-of-the-art hybrid nanomaterials based on metal-organic frameworks for electrochemical monitoring purposes. Accomplished authors cover various synthetic routes, methods, and theories behind enhancing the electrochemical properties and applications of metal-organic frameworks-based hybrid nanomaterials for electrochemical sensing of environmental pollutants under one roof. This book is essential reading for all academic and industrial researchers working in the fields of materials science and nanotechnology.
Download or read book PEDOT written by Andreas Elschner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-11-02 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there is information available in handbooks on polythiophene chemistry and physics, until now, few if any books have focused exclusively on the most forwardly developed electrically conductive polymer, Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-otherwise known as PEDOT. This resource provides full chemical, physical, and technical information about this important conducting polymer, discussing basic knowledge and exploring its technical applications. Presented information is based on information generated at universities and through academic research, as well as by industrial scientists, providing a complete picture of the experimental and the practical aspects of this important polymer.
Download or read book Conducting Polymer Hybrids written by Vijay Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive survey about conducting polymers and their hybrids with different materials. It highlights the topics pertinent to research and development in academia and in the industry. The book thus discusses the preparation and characterization of these materials, as well as materials properties and their processing. The current challenges in the field are addressed, and an outline on new and even futuristic approaches is given. “Conducting Polymer Hybrids” is concerned with a fascinating class of materials with the promise for wide-ranging applications, including energy generation and storage, supercapacitors, electronics, display technologies, sensing, environmental and biomedical applications. The book covers a large variety of systems: one-, two-, and three-dimenstional composites and hybrids, mixed at micro- and nanolevel.
Download or read book Flexible Supercapacitor Nanoarchitectonics written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-29 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21 chapters in this book presents a comprehensive overview of flexible supercapacitors using engineering nanoarchitectures mediated by functional nanomaterials and polymers as electrodes, electrolytes, and separators, etc. for advanced energy applications. The various aspects of flexible supercapacitors, including capacitor electrochemistry, evaluating parameters, operating conditions, characterization techniques, different types of electrodes, electrolytes, and flexible substrates are covered. This is probably the first book of its type which systematically describes the recent developments and progress in flexible supercapacitor technology, and will be very helpful for generating new and innovative ideas in the field of energy storage material for wearable/flexible industry applications.
Download or read book Materials Nanoarchitectonics written by Katsuhiko Ariga and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-07 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. - Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures - Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials - Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems - Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures
Download or read book Conducting Polymers written by György Inzelt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-08 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a systematic survey of the knowledge accumulated in this field in the last thirty years. It includes material on the thermodynamic aspects of the polymers, the theory of the mechanism of charge transport processes, and the chemical and physical properties of these compounds. Also covered are the techniques of characterization, the electrochemical methods of synthesis, and the application of these systems. Inzelt’s book is a must-read for electrochemists and others.
Download or read book Biomimetic Polymers written by C.G. Gebelein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term biomimetic is comparatively new on the chemical scene, but the concept has been utilized by chemists for many years. Furthermore, the basic idea of making a synthetic material that can imitate the func tions of natural materials probably could be traced back into antiquity. From the dawn of creation, people have probably attempted to duplicate or modify the activities of the natural world. (One can even find allusions to these attempts in the Bible; e. g. , Genesis 30. ) The term "mimetic" means to imitate or mimic. The word "mimic" means to copy closely, or to imitate accurately. Biomimetic, which has not yet entered most dictionaries, means to imitate or mimic some specific bio logical function. Usually, the objective of biomimetics is to form some useful material without the need of utilizing living systems. In a simi lar manner, the term biomimetic polymers means creating synthetic poly mers which imitate the activity of natural bioactive polymers. This is a major advance in polymer chemistry because the natural bioactive polymers are the basis of life itself. Thus, biomimetic polymers imitate the life process in many ways. This present volume delineates some of the recent progress being made in this vast field of biomimetic polymers. Chemists have been making biomimetic polymers for more than fifty years, although this term wasn't used in the early investigations.
Download or read book MXenes and their Composites written by Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MXenes and their Composites: Synthesis, Properties and Potential Applications presents a state of the art overview of the recent developments on the synthesis, functionalization, properties and emerging applications of two-dimensional (2D) MXenes and their composites.The book systematically describes the state-of-the-art knowledge and fundamentals of MXene synthesis, structure, surface chemistry and functionalization. The book also discusses the unique electronic, optical, mechanical and topological properties of MXenes. Besides, this book covers the various emerging applications of MXenes and their composites across different fields such as energy storage and conversion, gas sensing and biosensing, rechargeable lithium and sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulphur and multivalent batteries, electromagnetic interference shielding, hybrid capacitors and supercapacitors, hydrogen storage, catalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, gas separation and water desalination, environmental remediation and medical and biomedical applications. All these applications have been efficiently discussed in the specific chapters and in each case, the processing of MXene composites has also been discussed.This book will be an excellent reference for scientists and engineers across various disciplines and industries working in the field of highly promising 2D MXenes and their composites. The book will also act as a guide for academic researchers, material scientists, and advanced students in investigating the new applications of 2D MXenes based materials. - Covers fundamentals of technologically important MAX phases, MXene derivatives, MXene synthesis methods, intercalation and delamination strategies, surface functionalization, fundamental characteristics and properties - Demonstrates major application areas of MXenes, including catalytic, energy storage and energy generation, flexible electronics, EMI shielding, sensors and biosensors, medical and biomedical, gas separation and water desalination - Presents a detailed discussion on the processing and performance of various MXenes towards different applications
