Download or read book Fabrication Characterization and Stamp Thermoforming of Natural Fiber Polypropylene Composites Containing Kenaf Fibers written by Stacey Anne Yankovich and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multi layered Experimental and Numerical Analsysis of Stamp Thermoforming Processing of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Sheets written by Barbara Nicole Rodgers and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kenaf Fibers and Composites written by S. M. Sapuan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-06-14 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kenaf fiber is gaining attention as an alternative reinforcement for composite products due to low cost, reduced environmental impact, and attractive mechanical properties. Kenaf Fibers and Composites covers the breadth of these exciting materials, from raw material preparation to application in a variety of products. It discusses fiber characterization and properties, how to prepare kenaf-based composites, and design, manufacturing, and applications. It also covers hybrid fiber composites, kenaf fiber thermosetting composites, kenaf fiber thermoplastic composites, kenaf fibers in various lengths, and forms and arrangements such as particulates, continuous roving, and woven fabrics. Cellulose-based kenaf composites and kenaf fiber-filled biopolymer composites are presented.
Download or read book Effect of the Chemical Treatment on the Inorganic Content of Kenaf Fibers and on the Performance of Kenaf polypropylene Composites written by Nikole Lyn and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composites consisting of natural fibers and a polymer-based matrix have received considerable attention as an alternative to traditional mineral fibers such as glass-fiber. Composites containing natural fibers have the benefit of being light-weight and environmentally friendly but fall short with their mechanical properties, moisture resistance and thermal resistance, limiting their use to non-structural applications and low moisture environments. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate kenaf fibers as an alternative natural fiber in the development of polypropylene composites. The chemical composition and inorganic content of kenaf fibers was quantified. The effect of alkalization of milled kenaf fiber (MKF) with sodium hydroxide on inorganic content was assessed. The effects of MKF alkalization and the addition of the coupling agent maleic anhydride were investigated. MKF was treated for two hours with aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at different concentrations (0%, 3%, and 6%) and two temperatures (room temperature and 80°C). The treated MKF was analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and chemical composition analysis to assess the effect of sodium hydroxide treatment. Optical microscopy showed the presence of thin protrusions with MKF treated with 3% and 6% NaOH at 80°C. SEM images showed a smoother fibrillar surface of MKF when treated with 3% and 6% NaOH at 80°C. TGA analysis indicated that the hemicellulose shoulder between 240°C and 325°C disappeared when treated with 3% and 6% NaOH at room temperature and 80°C indicating removal of hemicellulose. This was confirmed by chemical composition analysis which showed a decrease in hemicellulose mass fraction and an increase in cellulose mass fraction when MKF was treated with NaOH at 3% and 6% at room temperature and 80°C. The inorganic content for alkalized MKF was obtained with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP) for 20 elements. Major elements (greater than 150 [microgram] element/g fiber) were Fe, Ca, Na, Mg, K, Al, and B. Minor elements (less than 150 [microgram] element/g fiber) were Ni, Mn, Ba, Zn, Pb, Sr, Cr, Y, Cu, Co, Cd, Li and V. Calcium had the greatest content (4503- 4982 [microgram] element/g fiber). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effects of NaOH treatment concentration and temperature on elemental concentration. Of the major elements, NaOH concentration had an effect on Fe, Ca, Na, K, Al and B while treatment temperature had an effect on Na, K and Al. The interaction between NaOH concentration and treatment temperature had an effect on all major elements. The inorganic elements analyzed by ICP accounted for 0.76-0.94 wt.% of kenaf depending on the alkali treatment conditions. Composites were prepared with MKF subjected to alkalization treatments and polypropylene (PP) using twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. Polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (MAPP) was added to assess its effect on composite performance. MKF-PP composites were tested for tensile strength (28.9-30.3 MPa), elongation at break (5.1-6.0%), and Young's Modulus (665.5-710.9 MPa). Tensile tests showed 3% and 6% NaOH treatment at room temperature and 80°C of MKF did not affect the mechanical performance (tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus) of the composite. Addition of MAPP to composites, with and without NaOH treatment, improved the tensile strength (31.6-35.0 MPa) of the composite. SEM showed that composites without MAPP had poor fiber wetting and showed fiber pull out in the fractured composite cross-sections. SEM of MKF-PP composites with MAPP showed a polymer coating on the surface of MKF. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of composites showed carbon and oxygen on all composites. Room temperature treated MKF composites showed higher oxygen concentrations in samples without MAPP. 80°C treated MKF composites showed lower oxygen concentrations in samples without MAPP. Future work should consider the effects of NaOH treatments at higher concentrations and temperature and their effects on cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and inorganic content. It would also be interesting to see if adding inorganic content to kenaf fiber alters its performance in polypropylene based composites.
Download or read book Polypropylene Handbook written by József Karger-Kocsis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book extensively reviews Polypropylene (PP), the second most widely produced thermoplastic material, having been produced for over 60 years. Its synthesis, processing and application are still accompanied by vigorous R&D developments because the properties of PP are at the borderline between those of commodity and engineering thermoplastics. Readers are introduced to various tacticities and polymorphs of PP, and their effects on structural properties. Further, the book addresses the control of optical properties using nucleants, provides strategies for overcoming the limited cold/impact resistance of PP, examines in detail the effects of recycling, and presents guidelines for the property modification of PPs through foaming, filling and reinforcing with respect to target applications. Special attention is paid to descriptions and models of properties as a function of morphological variables. Last but not least, the book suggests potential practical applications of PP-based systems, especially in the packaging, appliances, building/construction, textile and automotive sectors. Each chapter, written by internationally respected scientists, reflects the current state-of-art in the respective field and offers a vital source of information for students, researchers and engineers interested in the morphology, properties, testing and modeling of PP and PP-based systems. The content is indispensable to the appropriate application of PPs and related composites.
Download or read book Natural Fibre Composites written by Alma THULE and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02-13 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of natural fibres as reinforcements in composites has grown in importance in recent years. Natural Fibre Composites summarises the wealth of significant recent research in this area. Chapters in part one introduce and explore the structure, properties, processing, and applications of natural fibre reinforcements, including those made from wood and cellulosic fibres. Part two describes and illustrates the processing of natural fibre composites. Chapters discuss ethical practices in the processing of green composites, manufacturing methods and compression and injection molding techniques for natural fibre composites, and thermoset matrix natural fibre-reinforced composites. Part three highlights and interprets the testing and properties of natural fibre composites including, non-destructive and high strain rate testing. The performance of natural fibre composites is examined under dynamic loading, the response of natural fibre composites to impact damage is appraised, and the response of natural fibre composites in a marine environment is assessed. Natural Fibre Composites is a technical guide for professionals requiring an understanding of natural fibre composite materials. It offers reviews, applications and evaluations of the subject for researchers and engineers. Introduces and explores the structure, properties, processing, and applications of natural fibre reinforcements, including those made from wood and cellulosic fibres Highlights and interprets the testing and properties of natural fibre composites, including non-destructive and high strain rate testing Examines performance of natural fibre composites under dynamic loading, the response of natural fibre composites to impact damage, and the response of natural fibre composites in a marine environment
Download or read book Engineering Solutions for Sustainability written by Jeffrey W. Fergus and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-06 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a collection of papers presented at Engineering Solutions for Sustainability: Materials and Resources II, a special symposium organized as part of the TMS 2015 Annual Meeting & Exhibition and held in Orlando, Florida, March 15-19, 2015. With impending and burgeoning societal issues affecting both developed and emerging nations, the global engineering community has a responsibility and an opportunity to truly make a difference and contribute. The papers in this collection address what materials and resources are integral to meeting basic societal sustainability needs in critical areas of energy, transportation, housing, and recycling. Contributions focus on the engineering answers for cost-effective, sustainable pathways; the strategies for effective use of engineering solutions; and the role of the global engineering community. Authors share perspectives on the major engineering challenges that face our world today; identify, discuss, and prioritize engineering solution needs; and establish how these fit into developing global-demand pressures for materials and human resources.
Download or read book Tribological Applications of Composite Materials written by Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the current advances and practices in tribological applications of composite materials under various processes, presenting the development, characterization, and morphological properties of composite materials in tribological applications. It covers a wide range of subjects, extending from fundamental research on the tribological characteristics of various multi-phase materials to the final applications of composites in wear loaded, technical components. It brings together contributions from researchers who discusses innovative experimental approaches and analytical techniques, creating a reference with comprehensive coverage of modern research techniques and the potential application of tribological composites in biomedical, aerospace, automotive, marines and construction industries. This volume will be of interest to material science researchers working in both industry and academia
Download or read book Fibrous Composites in Structural Design written by Edward M. Lenoe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design was a successor to the First-to-Third Conferences on Fibrous Composites in Flight Vehicle Design sponsored by the Air Force (First and Second Conferences, September 1973 and May 1974) and by NASA (Third Conference, November 1975) which were aimed at focusing national attention on flight vehicle applications of a new class of fiber reinforced materials, the advanced com posites, which afforded weight savings and other advantages which had not been previously available. The Fourth Conference, held at San Diego, California, 14-17 November 1978, was the fi rst of these conferences to be jointly sponsored by the Army, Navy and Ai r Force together with NASA, as well as being the first to give attention to non-aerospace applications of fiber reinforced composites. While the design technology for aerospace applications has reached a state of relative maturity, other areas of application such as mi litary bridging, flywheel energy storage systems, ship and surface vessel components and ground vehicle components are in an early stage of development, and it was an important objective to pinpoint where careful attention to structural design was needed in such applications to achfeve maximum structural performance payoff together with a high level of reliability and attractive economics.
Download or read book A Multi preferred Fiber Orientation Constitutive Model for Fiber Mat Reinforced Thermoplastics with a Random Orientation Applied to the Stamp Thermo hydroforming Process written by Michael Andrew Zampaloni and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Properties and Performance of Natural Fibre Composites written by Kim Pickering and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-06-23 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about global warming has led to renewed interest in the more sustainable use of natural fibres in composite materials. This important book reviews the wealth of recent research into improving the mechanical properties of natural-fibre thermoplastic composites so that they can be more widely used. The first part of the book provides an overview of the main types of natural fibres used in composites, how they are processed and, in particular, the way the fibre-matrix interface can be engineered to improve performance. Part two discusses the increasing use of natural-fibre composites in such areas as automotive and structural engineering, packaging and the energy sector. The final part of the book discusses ways of assessing the mechanical performance of natural-fibre composites. With its distinguished editor and team of contributors, Properties and performance of natural-fibre composites is a valuable reference for all those using these important materials in such areas as automotive and structural engineering. Provides an overview of the types of natural fibres used in composites Discusses fibre-matrix interface and how it can be engineered to improve performance Examines the increasing use of natural-fibre composites in automotive and structural engineering and the packaging and energy sector
Download or read book Advances in Engineering Materials written by Bhupendra Prakash Sharma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Future Learning Aspects of Mechanical Engineering (FLAME 2020). This book, in particular, focuses on characterizing materials using novel techniques. It covers a variety of advanced materials, viz. composites, coatings, nanomaterials, materials for fuel cells, biomaterials among others. The book also discusses advanced characterization techniques like X-ray photoelectron, UV spectroscopy, scanning electron, atomic power, transmission electron and laser confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy, and gel electrophoresis chromatography. This book gives the readers an insight into advanced material processes and characterizations with special emphasis on nanotechnology.
Download or read book Materials Design and Manufacturing for Lightweight Vehicles written by P.K. Mallick and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into the manufacture of lightweight automobiles is driven by the need to reduce fuel consumption to preserve dwindling hydrocarbon resources without compromising other attributes such as safety, performance, recyclability and cost. Materials, design and manufacturing for lightweight vehicles will make it easier for engineers to not only learn about the materials being considered for lightweight automobiles, but also to compare their characteristics and properties.Part one discusses materials for lightweight automotive structures with chapters on advanced steels for lightweight automotive structures, aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys for lightweight powertrains and automotive structures, thermoplastics and thermoplastic matrix composites and thermoset matrix composites for lightweight automotive structures. Part two reviews manufacturing and design of lightweight automotive structures covering topics such as manufacturing processes for light alloys, joining for lightweight vehicles, recycling and lifecycle issues and crashworthiness design for lightweight vehicles.With its distinguished editor and renowned team of contributors, Materials, design and manufacturing for lightweight vehicles is a standard reference for practicing engineers involved in the design and material selection for motor vehicle bodies and components as well as material scientists, environmental scientists, policy makers, car companies and automotive component manufacturers. Provides a comprehensive analysis of the materials being used for the manufacture of lightweight vehicles whilst comparing characteristics and properties Examines crashworthiness design issues for lightweight vehicles and further emphasises the development of lightweight vehicles without compromising safety considerations and performance Explores the manufacturing process for light alloys including metal forming processes for automotive applications
Download or read book Characterization of Minerals Metals and Materials 2015 written by John Carpenter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-20 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection focuses on the characterization of minerals, metals, and materials as well as the application of characterization results on the processing of these materials. Papers cover topics such as clays, ceramics, composites, ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, minerals, electronic materials, magnetic materials, environmental materials, advanced materials, and soft materials. In addition, papers covering materials extraction, materials processing, corrosion, welding, solidification, and method development are included. This book provides a current snapshot of characterization in materials science and its role in validating, informing, and driving current theories in the field of materials science. This volume will serve the dual purpose of furnishing a broad introduction of the field to novices while simultaneously serving to keep subject matter experts up-to-date.
Download or read book Green Composites written by Sabu Thomas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents important developments in green chemistry, with a particular focus on composite materials chemistry. In recent years, natural polymers have generated much interest due to their unique morphology and physical properties. The book gives an introductory overview of green composites, and discusses their emerging interdisciplinary applications in various contemporary fields. The chapters, written by leading experts from industry and academia, cover different aspects of biodegradable green composites and natural polymers including their processing, manufacturing, properties, and applications. This book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers as well as industry professionals interested in biodegradable composites.
Download or read book Textiles in Automotive Engineering written by W Fung and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-11-28 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive treatment of both functional and decorative textiles used in the automotive industry including seat covers, headliners, airbags, seat belts and tyres. Written in a clear, concise style it explains material properties and the way in which they influence manufacturing processes as well as providing practical production details. The subject treatment cuts across the disciplines of textile chemistry, fabric and plastics technology and production engineering. Environmental effects and recycling are also covered. It is aimed at the design and process engineer in industry as well as researchers in universities and colleges. Quality engineers will also benefit from the book's sections on identifying problems and material limitations.
Download or read book Metal Polymer Composites written by John Delmonte and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-21 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
