Download or read book Extraretinal Photoreception written by Michael Menaker and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-18 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extraretinal Photoreception

Download or read book The Science of Photobiology written by Kendric C. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of The Science of Photobiology was published in 1977, and was the first textbook to cover all of the major areas of photobiology. The science of photobiology is currently divided into 14 subspecialty areas by the American Society for Photobiology. In this edition, however, the topics of phototechnology and spectroscopy have been com bined in a new chapter entitled "Photophysics." The other subspecialty areas remain the same, i.e., Photochemistry, Photosensitization, UV Radiation Effects, Environmental Photobiology, Photomedicine, Circadian Rhythms, Extraretinal Photoreception, Vision, Photomorphogenesis, Photomovement, Photosynthesis, and Bioluminescence. This book has been written as a textbook to introduce the science of photobiology to advanced undergraduate and graduate students. The chapters are written to provide a broad overview of each topic. They are designed to contain the amount of information that might be presented in a one-to two-hour general lecture. The references are not meant to be exhaustive, but key references are included to give students an entry into the literature. Frequently a more recent reference that reviews the literature will be cited rather than the first paper by the author making the original discovery. The chapters are not meant to be a repository of facts for research workers in the field, but rather are concerned with demon strating the importance of each specialty area of photobiology, and documenting its relevance to current and/or future problems of man.

Download or read book Biological Rhythms written by Vinod Kumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Chapters 11 to 14) summarise important features of the biological clock at the level of whole animal covering all vertebrate classes (fish to mammal). Chapters 15 and 16 are on long term (seasonal) rhythms in plants and higher vertebrates. Short term rhythms (ultradian rhythms), the significance of having a clock system in animals living in extreme (arctic) environments, and the diversity of circadian responses to melatonin, the key endocrine element involved in regulation of biological rhythms, have been discussed in Chapters 17 to 19. Finally, a chapter on sensitivity to light of the photoperiodic clock is added which, using vertebrate examples, illustrates the importance of wavelength and intensity of light on circadian and non-circadian functions. A well-known expert writes each chapter. When presenting information, the text provides consistent thematic coverage and feeling for the methods of investigation. Reference citation within the body of the text adequately reflects the literature as subject is developed. A chapter begins with an abstract that enables a reader to know at the first glance the important points covered in that chapter. The chapter concludes with a full citation of references included in the text, which could be useful for further reading. The book ends with a comprehensive subject index that may be useful for quick searches.

Download or read book Vision in Fishes written by M. Ali and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No more than a fish loves water. - Is not this a strange fellow, my lord, that so confidently seems to undertake this business, which he knows is not to be done; damns himself to do, and dares better be damn'd than to dolt? All's Well That Ends Well Act III, Sc. 6 This volume is the direct result of a NATO-Advanced Study Institute of the same title. held at Bishop's University, Lennoxville, Quebec, Canada, August 1974, under the joint sponsor ship of the NATO-Scientific Advisory Committee, National Research Council of Canada and the Universite de Montreal. It is not, however, strictly restricted to the lectures and seminars pre sented at the ASI. Contributions have been included from two workers who found at a fairly late stage that they could not attend and also included are a table giving the visual pigments and an other dealing with the distribution and development of retinomotor responses. I encouraged the authors to prepare speculative reviews highlighting their own research or that of their immediate col leagues and a number of them have done so. Several contributors, notably those who were asked to give lectures of a general nature at the ASI have written reviews of somewhat greater scope. The result is a collection of papers representing a great variety of approaches to the study of vision in fishes.

Download or read book The Behavioral Significance of Color written by Edward H. Burtt, Jr. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to publication the study of animal coloration was plagued by fanciful speculations, post hoc explanations and untestable hypotheses. This title, originally published in 1979, draws together widely scattered research into the coloration of animals; formulates predictive hypotheses to account for color; documents the accuracy of many of these hypotheses; and suggests directions for future research. The book grew out of a symposium, The Behavioral Significance of Color at the 1977 meeting of the Animal Behavior Society, and presents evidence concerning patterns of coloration and their influence on animal behaviour and interaction Physical principles of radiation are discussed in Chapter 1, followed, in subsequent chapters, by an examination of the physiological functions of animal coloration (e.g. thermoregulation, hydroregulation, abrasion-resistance, extraretinal photoreception). Treatment of coloration that affects the animal’s visibility to other animals opens with a masterful overview of theories of color vision and its occurrence throughout the animal kingdom. Chapter 6 explores the role of color vision and fruit color in the selection of food by wild primates with comments on the coevolution of fruiting trees and their primate customers. Dr Jack P. Hailman addresses the elusive concept of conspicuousness. He summarizes a strategy for calculating conspicuous coloration based on measurements in natural habitats. Experiments, naturalistic observations and anecdotes of optical communication are exceedingly numerous. Chapters 8 and 9 review these data and suggest general principles of inter- and intraspecific optical communication. Each chapter is enhanced by the critical evaluations of Drs. C. Richard Tracy and W. J. Hamilton III. In closing, the editor discusses coloration as it affects an animal’s own vision (e.g., black eyelines to reduce glare). Most significantly the book emphasizes the need for a balanced, scientifically rigorous approach to the question of evolution of animal coloration. It is an important source for anyone contemplating or currently involved in research in this field of investigation.

Download or read book Adaptive Mechanisms in the Ecology of Vision written by S. Archer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Lythgoe was one of the pioneers of the 'Ecology of Vision', a subject that he ably delineated in his classic and inspirational book published some 20 years ago [1]. At heart, the original book aimed generally to identify inter-relationships between vision, animal behaviour and the environment. John Lythgoe excelled at identifying the interesting 'questions' in the ecology of an animal that fitted the 'answers' presented by an analysis of the visual system. Over the last twenty years, however, since Lythgoe's landmark publication, much progress has been made and the field has broadened considerably. In particular, our understanding of the 'adaptive mechanisms' underlying the ecology of vision has reached considerable depths, extending to the molecular dimension, partly as a result of development and application of new techniques. This complements the advances made in parallel in clinically oriented vision research [2]. The current book endeavours to review the progress made in the ecology of vision field by bringing together many of the major researchers presently active in the expanded subject area. The contents deal with theoretical and physical considerations of light and photoreception, present examples of visual system structure and function, and delve into aspects of visual behaviour and communi cation. Throughout the book, we have tried to emphasise one of the major themes to emerge within the ecology of vision: the high degree of adaptability that visual mechanisms are capable of undergoing in response to diverse, and dynamic, environments and behaviours.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 2275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish form an extremely diverse group of vertebrates. At a conservative estimate at least 40% of the world's vertebrates are fish. On the one hand they are united by their adaptations to an aquatic environment and on the other they show a variety of adaptations to differing environmental conditions - often to extremes of temperature, salinity, oxygen level and water chemistry. They exhibit an array of behavioural and reproductive systems. Interesting in their own right, this suite of adaptive physiologies provides many model systems for both comparative vertebrate and human physiologists. This four volume encyclopedia covers the diversity of fish physiology in over 300 articles and provides entry level information for students and summary overviews for researchers alike. Broadly organised into four themes, articles cover Functional, Thematic, and Phylogenetic Physiology, and Fish Genomics. Functional articles address the traditional aspects of fish physiology that are common to all areas of vertebrate physiology including: Reproduction, Respiration, Neural (Sensory, Central, Effector), Endocrinology, Renal, Cardiovascular, Acid-base Balance, Osmoregulation, Ionoregulation, Digestion, Metabolism, Locomotion, and so on. Thematic Physiology articles are carefully selected and fewer in number. They provide a level of integration that goes beyond the coverage in the Functional Physiology topics and include discussions of Toxicology, Air-breathing, Migrations, Temperature, Endothermy, etc. Phylogenetic Physiology articles bring together information that bridges the physiology of certain groupings of fishes where the knowledge base has a sufficient depth and breadth and include articles on Ancient Fishes, Tunas, Sharks, etc. Genomics articles describe the underlying genetic component of fish physiology and high light their suitability and use as model organisms for the study of disease, stress and physiological adaptations and reactions to external conditions. Winner of a 2011 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Multivolume Science Reference from the Association of American Publishers The definitive encyclopedia for the field of fish physiology Three volumes which comprehensively cover the entire field in over 300 entries written by experts Detailed coverage of basic functional physiology of fishes, physiological themes in fish biology and comparative physiology amongst taxonomic Groups Describes the genomic bases of fish physiology and biology and the use of fish as model organisms in human physiological research Includes a glossary of terms

Download or read book Insect Diapause written by David L. Denlinger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-03 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Captures the full scope of the literature, integrating ecological and molecular mechanisms that enable insects to enter a dormant state.

Download or read book Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews written by Kendric C. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of the science of photobiology can be divided into four categories: to develop (I) ways to optimize the beneficial effects of light on man and his environment, (2) methods to protect organisms, including man, from the detrimental effects of light, (3) photochemical tools for use in studies of life processes, and (4) photochemical therapies in medicine. To achieve these goals will require the knowledgeable collaboration of biologists, chemists, engineers, mathematicians, physicians, and physicists; because photobiology is a truly multidisciplinary science. While a multidis ciplinary science is more intellectually demanding, it also has a greater potential for unexpected breakthroughs that can occur when data from several areas of science are integrated into new concepts for theoretical or practical use. Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews continues to provide in depth coverage of the many specialty areas of photobiology. It is hoped that these reviews will provide an important service to the younger scientists in the field and to senior scientists in related fields, because they provide a ready access to the recent literature in the field, and more importantly, they frequently offer a critical evaluation of the direction that the field is taking, or suggest a redirection when appropriate. Since it is important that this review series remain responsive to the needs of photochemists and photobiologists, the Editor would value com ments and suggestions from its readers.

Download or read book Psychology Library Editions Comparative Psychology written by Various Authors and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 5254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology Library Editions: Comparative Psychology (16 Volume set) brings together a number of titles which explore animal behaviour and learning, some in isolation but mostly comparing it with human behaviour. Research in this area looks at many different issues, using various methods and examines species from insects to primates. The series of previously out-of-print titles, originally published between 1928 and 1997, with the majority from the 1970s and 1980s, includes contributions from many highly respected authors.

Download or read book Vertebrae Phototransduction and the Visual Cycle Part B written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-04-19 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major topics covered include photoreceptor proteins, phototransduction calcium-binding proteins and calcium measurement in photoreceptor cells, enzymes of the visual cycle, posttranslational and chemical modifications, analysis of animal models of retinal diseases. Inherited retinal disease; from the defective gene to its function and repair. This volume and its companion Volume 315 include newly developed methods to study vertebrate phototransduction and the visual cycle.The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now with more than 300 volumes (all of them still in print), the series contains much material still relevant today--truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Circadian Systems in Animals and Their Clinical Relevance written by Raúl Aguilar-Roblero and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well known experts in the field of Chronobiology from around the world, provide an integrative view of the state of the art of circadian biology. At present, genetic and epigenetic interaction of regulatory pathways among circadian oscillators, metabolic networks, cellular differentiation and neuronal communication are subject of intense scrutiny. The book is organized in three sections: The first includes selected examples of the circadian systems of crustaceans, insects, fish, birds and mammals. The second is a detailed view of the physiological mechanisms underlying the circadian clocks in mammals. Finally, in the third section some examples of the relevance of circadian biology and circadian misalignment to health and disease are provided including nutrition and metabolism, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, Huntington and affective diseases. This section concludes with a brief review on gene therapy and its potential use as a therapeutic tool to correct “clock genes” pathologies. This book is aimed at all those interested in contemporary aspects of physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology applied to the study and characterization of timing systems.. It could be used as an initial approach to this field, but it also provides updated information for those already familiar with the fascinating field of Chronobiology.

Download or read book Biological Rhythms written by Jurgen Aschoff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in biological rhythms has been traced back more than 2,500]ears to Archilochus, the Greek poet, who in one of his fragments suggests ",,(i,,(VWO'KE o'olos pv{}J.tos txv{}pW7rOVS ~XH" (recognize what rhythm governs man) (Aschoff, 1974). Reference can also be made to the French student of medicine J. J. Virey who, in his thesis of 1814, used for the first time the expression "horloge vivante" (living clock) to describe daily rhythms and to D. C. W. Hufeland (1779) who called the 24-hour period the unit of our natural chronology. However, it was not until the 1930s that real progress was made in the analysis of biological rhythms; and Erwin Bunning was encouraged to publish the first, and still not outdated, monograph in the field in 1958. Two years later, in the middle of exciting discoveries, we took a breather at the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Biological Clocks. Its survey on rules considered valid at that time, and Pittendrigh's anticipating view on the temporal organization of living systems, made it a milestone on our way from a more formalistic description of biological rhythms to the understanding of their structural and physiological basis.

Download or read book Molecular Genetics of Biological Rhythms written by Michael Young and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-11-18 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews cellular model systems in an effort to determine the mechanism by which mutation can alter rhythmicity. The text explains how new research fits into the emerging picture of the genetic and molecular basis of biological rhythmicity.

Download or read book Comparative Physiology and Evolution of Vision in Invertebrates written by H. Autrum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the comparative physiology of photoreception by the Protista and the invertebrates two aspects are emphasized: (1) the diversity of visual processes in these groups and (2) their bearing upon general mechanisms of photoreception. Invertebrates have evolved a far greater variety of adaptations than vertebrates modifications aiding survival in the remarkably different biotopes they occupy. The number of species in itself suggests this multiformity; each of them has peculiarities of its own, in morphology as well as in physiology and behavior. But these special adaptations are variations on a few great themes. Although the catalogue of invertebrate species is immense, the literature concerning them nearly rivals it in extent-even if one considers only that fraction dealing with visual physiology. Taxonomy proceeds by grouping the species, categorizing them in genera, families, orders, and progressively larger units. Similarly, comparative physiology aims at an analogous, more or less compre hensive, classification. This Part A of Volume VII/6, like Part B that follows it, emphasizes the broad questions that concern groups larger than the individual species; in some cases these questions have general applicability. The middle course between approaches that are too specialized and those that are too general is often elusive, but here we attempt to follow it. The vast number of special adaptations-probably, as we have said, as large as the number of species-is beyond the range even of a handbook.

Download or read book Biological Regulation and Development written by Robert F. Goldberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The motivation for us to conceive this series of volumes on regulation was mainly our belief that it would be fun, and at the same time productive, to approach the subject in a way that differs from that of other treatises. We thought it might be interesting and instructive for both author and reader-to examine a particular area of investigation in a framework of many different problems. Cutting across the traditional boundaries that have separated the subjects in past volumes on regulation is not an easy thing to do-not because it is difficult to think of what interesting topics should replace the old ones, but because it is difficult to find authors who are willing to write about areas outside those pursued in their own laboratories. Anyone who takes on the task of reviewing a broad area of interest must weave together its various parts by picking up the threads from many different laboratories, and attempt to produce a fabric with a meaningful design. Finding persons who are likely to succeed in such a task was the most difficult part of our job. In the first volume of this treatise, most of the chapters dealt with the mechanisms of The second volume involved a somewhat regulation of gene expression in microorganisms. broader area, spanning the prokaryotic-eukaryotic border. Topics ranged from phage mor phogenesis to the role of gradients in development. The last volume-Volume 3A-con cerned hormones, as does this volume-Volume 3B.

Download or read book Circadian Clocks written by Joseph S. Takahashi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology series deals with the aspects of neurosciences that have the most direct and immediate bearing on behavior. It presents the most current research available in the specific areas of sensory modalities. This volume explores circadian rhythms.