Download or read book Extended Cosmological Probes of Massive Dark Relics written by Deanna C. Hooper and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gravitational and Electromagnetic Signatures of Massive Relics in Cosmology written by Vivian Poulin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beside their great successes, Cosmology and Particle Physics are facing deep issues that have been puzzling physicists for a long time. In particular, 85% of the matter content in our Universe is in the form a cold, non-interacting component, whose only impacts have been probed through gravity. On the other hand, the discovery of neutrino oscillations point towards the existence of tiny but non-vanishing neutrino masses, a phenomenon that cannot be successfully explained within the Standard Model of Particle Physics. This work tries to tackle the Dark Matter and neutrino masses canondrums, by looking for electromagnetic and gravitational signatures of peculiar massive relics onto Cosmological probesthat have been developed over the years. In particular, we study the impact on i) CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies; ii) Large Scale Structure surveys; iii) Spectral distortions of the CMB blackbody spectrum; iv) and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.After a thorough review of all necessary tools to compute those observables, we make use of the latest data from present experiments, and forecast the potential for detection of future ones. We firstly focus on the purely gravitational effects of a decaying massive relics, deriving the strongest constraints to date from the pure gravitational effects of the decay and extending the phenomenology to multicomponent models with very high decay rate. Those constraints represent robust, vastly model independent bounds that any massive relic has to satisfy.In a second step, we switch on electromagnetic channels and compare the relative constraining power of non-thermal Big Bang nucleosynthesis, CMB spectral distortions and statistics of CMB anisotropies. As an example, we apply our results to specific models taken from the literature, and show that a loophole to the standard theory of e.m. cascade allow to solve the cosmological Lithium problem thanks to photon injection. We then study the impact of annihilating relics, with a special emphasis on annihilations in halos and its synergy with stars in reionizing our Universe.The last part of this work is devoted to the cosmological determination of neutrino properties with current and future data. We assess that: i) it is possible to make a robust statement about the detection of the cosmic neutrino background by CMB experiments; ii) the joint analysis of future CMB and Large Scale Structure data should allow the first Cosmological detection of neutrino masses. Our results emphasize the complementarity of the different probes, and the need for combined analyses when looking for new physics, especially in the era of precision Cosmology.
Download or read book Cosmological Probes of Light Relics written by Benjamin Wallisch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wealth of recent cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure data has transformed the field of cosmology. These observations have not only become precise enough to answer questions about the universe on the largest scales, but also to address puzzles in the microscopic description of Nature. This thesis investigates new ways of probing the early universe, the properties of neutrinos and the possible existence of other light particles. In particular, based on detailed theoretical insights and novel analyses, new evidence for the cosmic neutrino background is found in the distribution of galaxies and in cosmic microwave background data. This tests the Standard Model of particle physics and the universe back to a time when it was about one second old. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that future observations will be capable of probing physics beyond the Standard Model since they can achieve a particular target which would either allow the detection of any light particles that have ever been in thermal equilibrium or imply strong bounds on their properties.
Download or read book TAUP 91 written by A. Morales and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TAUP 91 covers the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Theoretical and Phenomenological Aspects of Underground Physics, held in Toledo, Spain on September 9-13, 1991. The book focuses on the processes, methodologies, reactions, and transformations involved in underground physics. The selection first offers information on the fundamental issues in particle astrophysics and an overview of the problems related to general cosmology. Topics include connections between particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology, stellar physics and particles, astrophysical ages, cosmic background radiation, and abundances of light elements. The text also takes a look at big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on new physics and microwave background radiation. The publication ponders on very wide band interferometric gravitational wave antenna and search for stellar gravitational collapse by macro. The text also examines high energy cosmic neutrinos of acceleration and non-acceleration origin; tests of general relativity and Newtonian gravity at large distances and the dark matter problem; and nuclear form factors for the scattering of neutralinos. The selection is a valuable reference for readers interested in underground physics.
Download or read book Cosmological Pattern of Microphysics in the Inflationary Universe written by Maxim Y. Khlopov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern cosmology is a quickly developing ?eld of research. New technical devices and tools supply the community with new experimental data measured with high accuracy. The self-consistent explanation of these data needs t- oretical models that are based on hypothetical predictions of particle theory. In their turn, such predictions imply cosmology for their probe. Speci?c st- ies of the cosmological consequences of particle theory, linking them to their observable signatures, are actual. This boiling kettle of theoretical research and experimental efforts produces ideas that will be preserved for following generations. The aim of this book is to acquaint the reader with some of these ideas, - fering nontrivial ways to probe the physical basis of modern cosmology. An extensive review of the newest ideas in modern cosmology, e. g. , related with the development of the M-brane theory, lies beyond the scope of our book, which is aimed at providing a ?rmly established system of probes for these ideas, linking their predictions to their possible experimental test. We use the framework of in?ationary paradigm to reveal the phenomena that can shed light on the physical origin of the observed Universe, of its matter content and large-scale structure. The crucial role of quantum ?uctuations in creation of our Universe and in possible features, re?ecting cosmological impact of microphysics, is discussed. These features are shown to be accessible to - perimental test in the near future.
Download or read book Aspects of WIMP Dark Matter Searches at Colliders and Other Probes written by Enrico Morgante and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis covers several theoretical aspects of WIMP (weakly interacting massive particles) dark matter searches, with a particular emphasis on colliders. It mainly focuses on the use of effective field theories as a tool for Large Hadron Collider (LHC) searches, discussing in detail the issue of their validity, and on simplified dark matter models, which are receiving a growing attention from the physics community. It highlights the theoretical consistency of simplified models, which is essential in order to correctly exploit their potential and for them to be a common reference when comparing results from different experiments. This thesis is of interest to researchers (both theorists and experimentalists) in the field of dark matter searches, and offers a comprehensive introduction to dark matter and to WIMP searches for students and non-experts.
Download or read book Cosmological Terrestrial and Astrophysical Probes of Particle Dark Matter Theories written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been shown through multiple observations that there is approximately five times as much dark matter as normal matter in the universe. Understanding the nature of this dark matter is currently one of the major goals of particle physics. In this dissertation, I examine the relationship between the different ways that dark matter can be detected---including direct detection, indirect detection in cosmic rays, and direct production at colliders---and its cosmological properties. In particular, I focus on the relationship between the different detection avenues and two cosmological observables: the thermal relic density of dark matter and cutoff to the matter power spectrum, which corresponds to the smallest dark matter halo that can form in the early universe.
Download or read book Future Of The Large Hadron Collider The A Super accelerator With Multiple Possible Lives written by Oliver Bruning and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-08-08 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the highest energy collider ever built. It resides near Geneva in a tunnel 3.8m wide, with a circumference of 26.7km, which was excavated in 1983-1988 to initially house the electron-positron collider LEP. The LHC was approved in 1995, and it took until 2010 for reliable operation. By now, a larger set of larger integrated luminosities have been accumulated for physics analyses in the four collider experiments: ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE.The LHC operates with an extended cryogenic plant, using a multi-stage injection system comprising the PS and SPS accelerators (still in use for particle physics experiments at lower energies). The beams are guided by 1232 superconducting high field dipole magnets.Intense works are underway in preparation of the High Luminosity LHC, aimed at upgrading the LHC and detectors for collecting ten times more luminosity, and extending the collider life to the early 2040's. So far, the (HL-)LHC project represents a cumulation of around one hundred thousand person-years of innovative work by technicians, engineers, and physicists from all over the world; probably the largest scientific effort ever in the history of humanity. The book is driven by the realisation of the unique value of this accelerator complex and by the recognition of the status of high energy physics, described by a Standard Model — which still leaves too many questions unanswered to be the appropriate theory of elementary particles and their interactions.Following the Introduction are: three chapters which focus on the initial decade of operation, leading to the celebrated discovery of the Higgs Boson, on the techniques and physics of the luminosity upgrade, and finally on major options - of using the LHC in a concurrent, power economic, electron-hadron scattering mode, when upgraded to higher energies or eventually as an injector for the next big machine. The various technical and physics chapters, provided by 61 authors, characterise the fascinating opportunities the LHC offers for the next two decades ahead (possibly longer), with the goal to substantially advance our understanding of nature.
Download or read book 1st Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics written by Piero Nicolini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings collect the selected contributions of participants of the First Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics, held in Frankfurt, Germany to celebrate the 140th anniversary of Schwarzschild's birth. They are grouped into 4 main themes: I. The Life and Work of Karl Schwarzschild; II. Black Holes in Classical General Relativity, Numerical Relativity, Astrophysics, Cosmology, and Alternative Theories of Gravity; III. Black Holes in Quantum Gravity and String Theory; IV. Other Topics in Contemporary Gravitation. Inspired by the foundational principle ``By acknowledging the past, we open a route to the future", the week-long meeting, envisioned as a forum for exchange between scientists from all locations and levels of education, drew participants from 15 countries across 4 continents. In addition to plenary talks from leading researchers, a special focus on young talent was provided, a feature underlined by the Springer Prize for the best student and junior presentations.
Download or read book Massive Neutrinos Flavor Mixing Of Leptons And Neutrino Oscillations written by Harald Fritzsch and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of neutrino oscillations neutrino physics has become an interesting field of research in physics. They imply that neutrino must have a small mass and that the neutrinos, coupled to the charged leptons, are mixtures of the mass eigenstates, analogous to the flavor mixing of the quarks. The mixing angles for the quarks are small, but for the leptons two of the mixing angles are large. The masses of the three neutrinos must be very small, less than 1 eV, but from the oscillation experiments we only know the mass differences — the absolute masses are still unknown. Also we do not know, if the masses of the neutrinos are Dirac masses, as the masses of the charged leptons and of the quarks, or whether they are Majorana masses.In this volume, an overview of the present state of research in neutrino physics is given by well-known experimentalists and theorists. The contents — originated from talks and discussions at a recent conference addressing some of the most pressing open questions in neutrino physics — range from the oscillation experiments to CP-violation for leptons, to texture zero mass matrices and to the role of neutrinos in astrophysics and cosmology.
Download or read book Neutrino Cosmology written by Julien Lesgourgues and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A self-contained guide to the role played by neutrinos in the Universe and how their properties influence cosmological and astrophysical observations.
Download or read book The Role of Halo Substructure in Gamma Ray Dark Matter Searches written by Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important, open research topic today is to understand the relevance that dark matter halo substructure may have for dark matter searches. In the standard cosmological model, halo substructure or subhalos are predicted to be largely abundant inside larger halos, for example, galaxies such as ours, and are thought to form first and later merge to form larger structures. Dwarf satellite galaxies—the most massive exponents of halo substructure in our own galaxy—are already known to be excellent targets for dark matter searches, and indeed, they are constantly scrutinized by current gamma-ray experiments in the search for dark matter signals. Lighter subhalos not massive enough to have a visible counterpart of stars and gas may be good targets as well, given their typical abundances and distances. In addition, the clumpy distribution of subhalos residing in larger halos may boost the dark matter signals considerably. In an era in which gamma-ray experiments possess, for the first time, the exciting potential to put to test the preferred dark matter particle theories, a profound knowledge of dark matter astrophysical targets and scenarios is mandatory should we aim for accurate predictions of dark matter-induced fluxes for investing significant telescope observing time on selected targets and for deriving robust conclusions from our dark matter search efforts. In this regard, a precise characterization of the statistical and structural properties of subhalos becomes critical. In this Special Issue, we aim to summarize where we stand today on our knowledge of the different aspects of the dark matter halo substructure; to identify what are the remaining big questions, and how we could address these; and, by doing so, to find new avenues for research.
Download or read book From the Fermi Scale to Cosmology written by Alberto Salvio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutrino Physics written by Kai Zuber and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Kai Zuber’s pioneering text on neutrinos was published in 2003, the author correctly predicted that the field would see tremendous growth in the immediate future. In that book, Professor Zuber provided a comprehensive self-contained examination of neutrinos, covering their research history and theory, as well as their application to particle physics, astrophysics, nuclear physics, and the broad reach of cosmology; but now to be truly comprehensive and accurate, the field’s seminal reference needs to be revised and expanded to include the latest research, conclusions, and implications. Revised as needed to be equal to the research of today, Neutrino Physics, Third Edition delves into neutrino cross-sections, mass measurements, double beta decay, solar neutrinos, neutrinos from supernovae, and high-energy neutrinos, as well as entirely new experimental results in the context of theoretical models. Written to be accessible to graduate students and readers from diverse backgrounds, this edition, like the first, provides both an introduction to the field as well as the information needed by those looking to make their own contributions to it. And like the second edition, it whets the researcher’s appetite, going beyond certainty to pose those questions that still need answers. Features Presents the only single-author comprehensive text on neutrino physics Includes experimental and theoretical particle physics and examines solar neutrinos and astroparticle implications Offers details on new developments and recent experiments
Download or read book New Worlds New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
