Download or read book Exposure to Prenatal Psychosocial Stress written by Sonja Entringer and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prenatal stress written by Katja Erni and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various lines of research in animals and humans indicate that prenatal stress can have long-lasting effects on biological and psychological processes of the offspring. In particular, prenatal stress is associated with long-term disturbances in HPA axis function. Moreover, prenatal stress in animals is linked with anxiety in later life. Likewise, in humans, gestational stress has a significant impact on emotional problems of the offspring. However, to date, there have been no studies investigating the effects of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure on psychological, endocrine, and autonomic responses to a standardized psychosocial stress test in children aged 10 years. Furthermore, studies investigating the effects of prenatal glucocorticoids on anxiety in children aged 10 years as assessed by self-report as well as maternal and paternal rating are lacking. In particular, knowledge is lacking about healthy children born after the 34th week of gestation without complications (e.g. oxygen administration because of respiratory distress syndrome) as well as with no other physical diseases or disabilities after birth. In addition, to date, the long-term effects of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure in children who are healthy and show no disparities in their level of development are poorly understood. In a cross-sectional study design, a total sample of 135 children was examined. The Glucocorticoids+Tocolytics (GC+TOC) group was characterized by tocolytic treatment of the children’s mothers due to signs of preterm labor during the second trimester of pregnancy. In addition, the pregnant women received glucocorticoid treatment (betamethasone) in order to accelerate fetal lung maturation in case of preterm birth. The Tocolytics (TOC) group consisted of children whose mothers also had signs of preterm labor during the second trimester of pregnancy. These mothers, like the mothers of the GC+TOC group, were administered tocolytic treatment, but did not receive glucocorticoid treatment. In both of these groups, only pregnant women were included with no other reasons (e.g. premature rupture of membranes) for tocolytic treatment than preterm labor as reported in medical records. The CONTROL group consisted of children whose mothers experienced a complication-free pregnancy. Data 1: To investigate the psychological, endocrine and autonomic responses to a standardized psychosocial stress test for children (TSST-C) was applied. Psychological parameters using self-report questionnaires (EWL-KJ and PASA) as well as salivary cortisol and heart rate were measured during the experiment. Group comparisons revealed differences in psychological (control expectancies and stress appraisal) and in biological (salivary cortisol) parameters in children who were prenatally exposed to glucocorticoids as compared to both control groups. Data 2: The effects of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure on anxiety in children as assessed by themselves and their mothers and fathers were examined. Self-report questionnaires measuring anxiety were filled in by the children (SCAS-D and EWL-KJ). Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires measuring anxiety and emotional stability in their children (HiPIC). With respect to self-reported anxiety as wells as anxiety and emotional stability as assessed by the fathers, significant differences between the three groups were revealed in group comparisons. Moreover, we found a child-father agreement in anxiety ratings. Prenatal glucocorticoid exposure is associated with an altered psychological and biological stress reactivity in response to a psychosocial stress test even in healthy 10-year-old children. Moreover, children who were prenatally exposed to glucocorticoids showed higher anxiety values and were described as less emotionally stable than the control groups.
Download or read book Prenatal Exposures written by Roy P. Martin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first compendium in the growing literature of behavioral teratology, readers will discover an easy-to-access, concise presentation that covers a huge range of subjects. The book synthesizes important findings that help explain why prenatal events may result in abnormal behavior and learning disabilities later in life. It goes further to examine the role of prenatal perturbations in conditions as varied as dyslexia, schizophrenia, fetal alcohol syndrome, and autism.
Download or read book The Effects of Early Adversity on Neurobehavioral Development written by Charles A. Nelson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000-09 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together experts in developmental and clinical psychology and behavorial neuroscientists concerned with the course of developmental in the face of pre and perinatal adversity. For graduate-level researchers and academics
Download or read book Psychosocial Adaptation to Pregnancy written by Regina Lederman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: presented in the Introduction (Chapter 1). The focus of Chapter 1 is twofold: (1) to present the research foundations for the psychophysiological correlates of prenatal psychosocial adaptation and the seven prenatal personality dimensions with progress in labor and birth outcomes, and particularly (2) to present the theory underlying the seven dimensions of prenatal psychosocial adaptation, which are further analyzed in the following seven chapters. Chapters 2–8 present a content analysis of the interview responses to the seven significant prenatal personality dimensions that are predictive of pregnancy adap- tion, progress in labor, birth outcomes, and postpartum maternal psychosocial adaptation, and they include: (1) Acceptance of Pregnancy, (2) Identification with a Motherhood Role, (3) Relationship with Mother, (4) Relationship with Husband, (5) Preparation for Labor, (6) (Prenatal) Fear of Pain, Helplessness, and Loss of Control in Labor, and (7) (Prenatal) Fear of Loss of Self-Esteem in Labor. There is no other comparable comprehensive, in-depth, prenatal personality research or empirical and content analysis of pregnancy-specific dimensions of maternal psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy.
Download or read book Greenspan Social emotional Growth Chart written by Stanley I. Greenspan and published by Psychcorp. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prenatal Stress and Child Development written by Ashley Wazana and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the complex impact of prenatal stress and the mechanism of its transmission on children’s development and well-being, including prenatal programming, epigenetics, infl ammatory processes, and the brain-gut microbiome. It analyzes current findings on prenatal stressors affecting pregnancy, including preconception stress, prenatal maternal depression, anxiety, and pregnancy-specific anxieties. Chapters explore how prenatal stress affects cognitive, affective, behavioral, and neurobiological development in children while pinpointing core processes of adaptation, resilience, and interventions that may reduce negative behaviors and promote optimal outcomes in children. Th is complex perspective on mechanisms by which early environmental influences interact with prenatal programming of susceptibility aims to inform clinical strategies and future research targeting prenatal stress and its cyclical impact on subsequent generations. Key areas of coverage include: The developmental effects of prenatal maternal stress on children. Epigenetic effects of prenatal stress. Intergenerational transmission of parental early life stress. The microbiome-gut-brain axis and the effects of prenatal stress on early neurodevelopment. The effect of prenatal stress on parenting. Gestational stress and resilience. Prenatal stress and children’s sleeping behavior. Prenatal, perinatal, and population-based interventions to prevent psychopathology. Prenatal Stress and Child Development is an essential resource for researchers, professors and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and related professionals in infancy and early childhood development, maternal and child health, developmental psychology, pediatrics, social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, developmental neuroscience, and related behavioral and social sciences and medical disciplines. Excerpt from the foreword: “I would make the plea that in addition to anyone with an interest in child development, this book should be essential reading for researchers pursuing “pre-clinical, basic science models of neurodevelopment and brain health”.... This book provides what in my mind is the most advanced compilation of existing knowledge and state-of-the-art science in the field of prenatal psychiatry/psychology (and perhaps in the entire field of prenatal medicine). This volume can brilliantly serve to focus future directions in our understanding of the perinatal determinants of brain health.” Michael J Meaney James McGill Professor of Medicine Translational Neuroscience Programme Adjunct Professor of Paediatrics
Download or read book Stress Genetics Epigenetics and Genomics written by George Fink and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-24 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth volume in the Handbook of Stress series, Stress: Genetics, Epigenetics and Genomics, deals with the influence that genetics, epigenetics, and genomics have on the effects of and responses to stress. Chapters refer to epigenetic mechanisms that involve DNA methylation, histone modification, and/or noncoding RNA-associated gene activation or silencing. There is also coverage of epigenetic mechanisms in stress-related transgenerational transmission of characteristics, and how these may help explain heritability in some complex human diseases.The Handbook of Stress series, comprised of self-contained volumes that each focus on a specific stress area, covers the significant advances made since the publication of Elsevier’s Encyclopedia of Stress (2000 and 2007). Volume 4 is ideal for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, faculty and clinicians interested in stress genetics, epigenetics and genomics involved in neuroendocrinology, neuroscience, biomedicine, endocrinology, psychology, psychiatry and the social sciences Articles carefully selected by eminent stress researchers and prepared by contributors representing outstanding scholarship in the field, with each chapter fully vetted for reliable expert knowledge Richly illustrated with explanatory figures and tables Each chapter includes a boxed “Key points call out section Affordably priced, self-contained volume for readers specifically interested in stress genetics and epigenetics, removing the need to purchase the whole Handbook series
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 1819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioral Neuroscientists study the behavior of animals and humans and the neurobiological and physiological processes that control it. Behavior is the ultimate function of the nervous system, and the study of it is very multidisciplinary. Disorders of behavior in humans touch millions of people’s lives significantly, and it is of paramount importance to understand pathological conditions such as addictions, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, autism among others, in order to be able to develop new treatment possibilities. Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience is the first and only multi-volume reference to comprehensively cover the foundation knowledge in the field. This three volume work is edited by world renowned behavioral neuroscientists George F. Koob, The Scripps Research Institute, Michel Le Moal, Université Bordeaux, and Richard F. Thompson, University of Southern California and written by a premier selection of the leading scientists in their respective fields. Each section is edited by a specialist in the relevant area. The important research in all areas of Behavioral Neuroscience is covered in a total of 210 chapters on topics ranging from neuroethology and learning and memory, to behavioral disorders and psychiatric diseases. The only comprehensive Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience on the market Addresses all recent advances in the field Written and edited by an international group of leading researchers, truly representative of the behavioral neuroscience community Includes many entries on the advances in our knowledge of the neurobiological basis of complex behavioral, psychiatric, and neurological disorders Richly illustrated in full color Extensively cross referenced to serve as the go-to reference for students and researchers alike The online version features full searching, navigation, and linking functionality An essential resource for libraries serving neuroscientists, psychologists, neuropharmacologists, and psychiatrists
Download or read book Preterm Birth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-23 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.
Download or read book Children s health highlights written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Handbook of Stress Science written by Andrew Baum, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[F]or those who are entering the field or who want to broaden their perspective, Ibelieve that this Handbook is indispensible. More than just a contribution to the field, theHandbook may well become a classic."--PsycCRITIQUES "The editors fully achieved their goal of producing a state-of-the-science stress reference for use by investigators, educators, and practitioners with clinical and health interests."--Psycho-Oncology "This is an important book about the scientific study of stress and human adaptation. It brings together both empirical data and theoretical developments that address the fundamental question of how psychosocial variables get inside the body to influence neurobiological processes that culminate in physical disease." From the Foreword by David C. Glass, PhD Emeritus Professor of Psychology Stony Brook University Edited by two leading health psychologists, The Handbook of Stress Science presents a detailed overview of key topics in stress and health psychology. With discussions on how stress influences physical health-including its effects on the nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, and immune systems-the text is a valuable source for health psychologists, as well as researchers in behavioral medicine, neuroscience, genetics, clinical and social psychology, sociology, and public health. This state-of-the-art resource reviews conceptual developments, empirical findings, clinical applications, and investigative strategies and tools from the past few decades of stress research. It represents all major approaches to defining stress and describes the themes and developments that characterize the field of health-related stress research. The five sections of this handbook cover: Current knowledge regarding the major biological structures and systems that are involved in the stress response Social-contextual contributions to stress and to processes of adaptation to stress, including the workplace, socioeconomic status, and social support The concept of cognitive appraisal as it relates to stress and emotion psychological factors influencing stress such as, personality, gender, and adult development The evidence linking stress to health-related behaviors and mental and physical health outcomes Research methods, tools, and strategies, including the principles and techniques of both laboratory experimentation and naturalistic stress research
Download or read book Neural Circuit and Cognitive Development written by Bin Chen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural Circuit and Cognitive Development, Second Edition, the latest release in the Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series, provides a much-needed update to underscore the latest research in this rapidly evolving field, with new section editors discussing the technological advances that are enabling the pursuit of new research on brain development. This volume is devoted mainly to anatomical and functional development of neural circuits and neural systems and cognitive development. Understanding the critical role these changes play in neurodevelopment provides the ability to explore and elucidate the underlying causes of neurodevelopmental disorders and their effect on cognition. This series is designed to fill the knowledge gap, offering the most thorough coverage of this field on the market today and addressing all aspects of how the nervous system and its components develop. Features leading experts in various subfields as section editors and article authors Presents articles that have been peer reviewed to ensure accuracy, thoroughness and scholarship Includes coverage of mechanisms that control the assembly of neural circuits in specific regions of the nervous system and multiple aspects of cognitive development
Download or read book Human Reproductive Genetics written by Juan A. Garcia-Velasco and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-19 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Reproductive Genetics: Emerging Technologies and Clinical Applications presents a great reference for clinicians and researchers in reproductive medicine. Part I includes a brief background of genetics and epigenetics, probability of disease, and the different techniques that are being used today for analysis and genetic counseling. Part II focuses on the analysis of the embryo, current controversies and future concepts. Part III comprises different clinical scenarios that clinicians frequently face in practice. The increasing amount of genetic tests available and the growing information that patients handle makes this section a relevant part of the fertility treatment discussion. Finally, Part IV concludes with the psychological aspects of genetic counseling and the role of counselor and bioethics in human reproduction. Provides an essential reference for clinicians involved in reproductive medicine Builds foundational knowledge on new genetic tests coming into the clinical scenario for physicians involved with patients Assembles critically evaluated chapters that cover basic concepts of genetics and epigenetics and the techniques involved, including preimplantation genetic testing, controversies, and more
Download or read book Perinatal Programming of Neurodevelopment written by Marta C. Antonelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of the brain and nervous system is shaped not just by a genetic program, but also by the effects of multiple environmental stimuli. There are currently no book-length treatments of perinatal neurodevelopment. The proposed book seeks to fill this gap by presenting a collection of chapters from leading experts in the field. It is intended to be comprehensive and will cover all aspects of neurodevelopmental programming in lab animals and in human subjects. The third section of the book will look at ways of translating insights we have garnered from animal studies to human and clinical studies. The primary audience for this work is basic researchers interested in the effects of perinatal imprinting on the development of the nervous system and associated diseases.
Download or read book Prenatal Development and Parents Lived Experiences How Early Events Shape Our Psychophysiology and Relationships Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology written by Ann Diamond Weinstein and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence of the preconception and prenatal period on child development and parent-child relationships. This book presents recent knowledge, research, and theory about the earliest developmental period—from conception to birth—which holds even greater consequences for the health and development of the human organism than was previously understood. Theory and research in multiple disciplines provide the foundation for the exploration of how experiences during conception and time in the womb; during and after birth; and experiences with caregivers and the family system in the early postnatal period impact an individual physically, cognitively, emotionally, and socially over their life span. Knowledge drawn from numerous fields highlights the opportunity for parents-to-be and the practitioners who care for them to intentionally support the cultivation of nurturing internal and external environments during the preconception, prenatal, and early parenting periods. Theory and research from the fields of psychology, medicine, psychophysiology, epigenetics, and traumatology, among others, suggest that doing so will support lifelong multidimensional aspects of healthy development in children and adults and may also benefit future generations.
Download or read book Parental Stress and Early Child Development written by Kirby Deater-Deckard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-14 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the complex impact of parenting stress and the effects of its transmission on young children’s development and well-being (e.g., emotion self-regulation; executive functioning; maltreatment; future parenting practices). It analyzes current findings on acute and chronic psychological and socioeconomic stressors affecting parents, including those associated with poverty and cultural disparities, pregnancy and motherhood, and caring for children with developmental disabilities. Contributors explore how parental stress affects cognitive, affective, behavioral, and neurological development in children while pinpointing core adaptation, resilience, and coping skills parents need to reduce abusive and other negative behaviors and promote optimal outcomes in their children. These nuanced bidirectional perspectives on parent/child dynamics aim to inform clinical strategies and future research targeting parental stress and its cyclical impact on subsequent generations. Included in the coverage: Parental stress and child temperament. How social structure and culture shape parental strain and the well-being of parents and children. The stress of parenting children with developmental disabilities. Consequences and mechanisms of child maltreatment and the implications for parenting. How being mothered affects the development of mothering. Prenatal maternal stress and psychobiological development during childhood. Parenting Stress and Early Child Development is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students in infancy and early childhood development, developmental psychology, pediatrics, family studies, and developmental neuroscience.
