Download or read book Explaining Behavior written by Fred Dretske and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1991-02-05 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do human beings move? In this lucid portrayal of human behavior, Fred Dretske provides an original account of the way reasons function in the causal explanation of behavior. Biological science investigates what makes our bodies move in the way they do. Psychology is interested in why persons—agents with reasons—move in the way they do. Dretske attempts to reconcile these different points of view by showing how reasons operate in a world of causes. He reveals in detail how the character of our inner states—what we believe, desire, and intend—determines what we do.
Download or read book Explaining Social Behavior written by Jon Elster and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-30 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantially revised edition of Jon Elster's critically acclaimed book exploring the nature of social behavior and the social sciences.
Download or read book Explaining Abnormal Behavior written by Bruce F. Pennington and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2014-01-28 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting cutting-edge work on the brain systems involved in key domains of neuropsychological functioning, Pennington sheds light on acquired neurological disorders like aphasia and amnesia, as well as the development of such conditions as schizophrenia, depression, dyslexia, autism and intellectual disability. (Psychology)
Download or read book How the Mind Explains Behavior written by Bertram F. Malle and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-08-11 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative monograph, Bertram Malle describes behavior explanations as having a dual nature—as being both cognitive and social acts—and proposes a comprehensive theoretical model that integrates the two aspects. When people try to understand puzzling human behavior, they construct behavior explanations, which are a fundamental tool of social cognition. But, Malle argues, behavior explanations exist not only in the mind; they are also overt verbal actions used for social purposes. When people explain their own behavior or the behavior of others, they are using the explanation to manage a social interaction—by offering clarification, trying to save face, or casting blame. Malle's account makes clear why these two aspects of behavior explanation exist and why they are closely linked; along the way, he illustrates the astonishingly sophisticated and subtle patterns of folk behavior explanations. Malle begins by reviewing traditional attribution theories and their simplified portrayal of behavior explanation. A more realistic portrayal, he argues, must be grounded in the nature, function, and origins of the folk theory of mind—the conceptual framework underlying people's grasp of human behavior and its connection to the mind. Malle then presents a theory of behavior explanations, focusing first on their conceptual structure and then on their psychological construction. He applies this folk-conceptual theory to a number of questions, including the communicative functions of behavior explanations, and the differences in explanations given for self and others as well as for individuals and groups. Finally, he highlights the strengths of the folk-conceptual theory of explanation over traditional attribution theory and points to future research applications.
Download or read book Explaining Organizational Behavior written by Lawrence B. Mohr and published by San Francisco : Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 1982 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Explaining Buyer Behavior written by John O'Shaughnessy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph attempts to apply the philosophy of social science to the study of buyer behaviour. It encompasses ideas from various disciplines, such as philosophy and psychology.
Download or read book Explaining Social Behavior written by Jon Elster and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new edition of his critically acclaimed book, Jon Elster examines the nature of social behavior, proposing choice as the central concept of the social sciences. Extensively revised throughout, the book offers an overview of key explanatory mechanisms, drawing on many case studies and experiments to explore the nature of explanation in the social sciences; an analysis of the mental states - beliefs, desires, and emotions - that are precursors to action; a systematic comparison of rational-choice models of behavior with alternative accounts, and a review of mechanisms of social interaction ranging from strategic behavior to collective decision making. A wholly new chapter includes an exploration of classical moralists and Proust in charting mental mechanisms operating 'behind the back' of the agent, and a new conclusion points to the pitfalls and fallacies in current ways of doing social science, proposing guidelines for more modest and more robust procedures.
Download or read book Alternatives to Cognition written by Christina Lee and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative book, Christina Lee takes a consciously critical approach to the apparently unchallenged principle that conscious thought is the cause of all human behavior. Without becoming polemical or destructive, she reconsiders a wide range of issues in mainstream American and European social psychology. Suitable for an international audience, the book deals with issues in mainstream American and European social psychology. It assumes some familiarity with contemporary social and applied psychology, and would be appropriate as a text or supplementary reading for senior undergraduate and postgraduate courses in social psychology and psychological theory, although it is also written with an academic research audience in mind. While it is written largely for psychologists, it would also be of interest to academics from other social-science disciplines with a general interest in explanations of individual social behavior.
Download or read book Understanding the Biological Basis of Behavior written by Rik Carl D'Amato and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-13 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the biological basis of behavior, broadly defined, with practical applications for higher education programs that focus on advances in neuroscience. It has a special focus on training practitioners based on American Psychological Association (APA) health service psychology guidelines. It reviews and digests information for clinical, counseling, and school psychologists serving clients of all ages in a variety of settings, such as schools, hospitals, and clinics. Content for all developmental stages, including birth to geriatric practices are highlighted. Some unique features of this book include: The integration of neuropsychological and theoretical foundations for clinical practice. Comprehensive consideration of projective, objective, and interviewing measures. Recent research in neuroimaging as it relates to clinical practice. Psychopharmacology and its effect within the neurosciences. Assessment for intervention in clinical, counseling, school, and neuropsychology. The use of research to guide neuropsychologically-based clinical practice. Eastern and western approaches to integration and case conceptualization. Interventions driven by brain-based scientific understanding. A variety of neuropsychological cases and report styles to improve practice The enduring contribution of psychology into modern times will remain contingent on practitioners' commitment to ethically-based, empirically-focused, evidence-based practice; continuing education; and scientific discovery. This book will help health service psychologists and counselors to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population by providing cutting-edge, evidence-based, ecologically valid neuropsychological interventions currently lacking within the field. Cultural considerations are provided within each chapter, which is especially important given societal inequity that continues to persist within our world. Implications for the COVID-19 pandemic are also discussed in light of neuroscientific advances in medicine.
Download or read book Behavior Analysis for Effective Teaching written by Julie S. Vargas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern classrooms face an increasing population of special needs students and 'regular' students who have behavioural problems. The mission of this book is to show teachers and other human service professionals working in school settings how to employ non-aversive, behaviour analysis principles in classrooms and other school settings.
Download or read book Teaching Behavior written by Terrance M. Scott and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to effective classroom management starts with instruction Teaching Behavior goes beyond setting classroom rules, communicating consequences, and providing the usual tips on engaging students and building relationships. It draws on the most current, evidence-based practices at the heart of effective teaching so you can maximize student success. Ideal as a teacher guide or textbook, it offers New insights on why instruction is the foundation for all student behavior Practical tools for managing all types of students and classrooms, including the most challenging Self-assessment checklists and discussion questions for teacher book-study groups Accompanying video modules for each chapter
Download or read book Understanding Belief Attitude and Behavior written by Brandt W. Pryor and published by IAP. This book was released on 2022-02-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a step-by-step guide for correctly applying Fishbein and Ajzen’s theories which together form “ . . the dominant conceptual framework for predicting, explaining, and changing human social behavior” (Ajzen, 2012). Evaluators and educational researchers, however, have often made less than optimal use of the theory of reasoned action, and the later theory of planned behavior, to understand, measure, and influence beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. This book is written expressly for investigators who are not trained in attitude theory and measurement. It provides examples from the fields of evaluation and educational research at each step, including many from the author’s applications. This book offers clear conceptual and operational definitions of belief, attitude, behavior, and other variables that are components of the theories. Figures illustrate relations among the variables. One chapter critically reviews efforts to apply the theories in evaluation and educational research, using positive and negative examples. The author has 30 years’ experience in evaluation and research, a doctorate in education, and training in attitude theory and measurement with Martin Fishbein. The author’s dissertation study was the first successful application of the theory of reasoned action to the issue of participation in adult education, and prompted others in that field to apply the theory. Praise for Understanding Beliefs, Attitude, and Behavior: "This book is invaluable for anyone interested in understanding, evaluating, and changing behaviors I in education. It presents the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior in clear and precise terms. It provides educational researchers and evaluators with the tools they need to pursue an understanding and assessment of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors." David Fetterman, President and CEO Fetterman & Associates San Jose, CA "Although student and teacher attitudes are an area of intensive study in STEM and other educational fields, many studies lack a rigorous theoretical approach. Pryor's new book offers a lucid account of the theory of reasoned action and its application to studies of attitudes, intentions, and behaviors in educational settings. The ideas have transformed my own approach to studying the impact of our STEM interventions on pre-service teacher attitudes and their future intentions for their own classroom. I think this volume is a 'must-read' or STEM education researchers and practitioners." Sharon Locke, Director Center for STEM Research, Education, and Outreach Southern Illinois University Edwardsville "Educators are often concerned with the beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of students, teachers, administrators, school board members, policy makers, or even voters. However, most educational researchers, are not trained in attitude theory and measurement. This book is written expressly for these evaluators and researchers to help them properly measure, understand, and influence attitudes. The book guides one, step by step, through Fishbein and Ajzen’s theory. With a focus on practitioners, it has many examples and figures to help people understand this theory and apply it to their work." Joe O'Reilly, Director Decision Center for Educational Excellence Arizona State University
Download or read book Understanding Behavior in the Context of Time written by Alan Strathman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Behavior in the Context of Time reviews the research on temporal orientation and brings together the disparate social behaviors influenced by time perspective. Organized into four sections, each chapter includes theory, research, applications, and directions for future research. Some chapters outline novel theoretical approaches that help to expand and/or integrate existing theories. The second part focuses on individual level processes and reviews the conceptualization, measurement, and lifespan development of time orientation; the outcomes associated with various time orientations; and how temporal factors influence attitudes and persuasion. Part three explores the role of time within interpersonal and group level processes as applied to such areas as close relationships, group cooperation, aggression, organizational behavior, pro-environmental behavior, and cultural issues. This book will be of interest to social and personality psychologists, and the book's applied emphasis will appeal to health, environmental, and industrial psychologists.
Download or read book How to Think Like a Behavior Analyst written by Jon Bailey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to Think Like a Behavior Analyst is a revolutionary resource for understanding complex human behavior and making potentially significant quality of life improvements. Behavior analysts offer a worldview of the human condition different than almost any other professional perspective. To a behavior analyst, human behavior is largely learned and subject to change if the right variables are put into play. This is an empowering outlook, providing an opportunity for individuals to analyze the actions of those around them and an understanding of why others exhibit such behavior. Practical, clear, and direct, this book addresses basic questions such as how behavior analysis is different from psychotherapy, what analysis involves, and the meaning of evidence-based treatment. A chapter on Applications presents tips on using behavioral procedures to improve lives and deal with others, and articulates how behavioral procedures are used in community settings. In question and answer format, the text thoroughly covers 50 frequently asked questions about behavior analysis in an educational and entertaining manner. It was developed out of questions raised by students in behavior analysis classes over the last 35 years, as well as questions raised by consumers of behavior analysis services. This text is written for all professionals concerned with behavior, including undergraduate students in psychology and behavior analysis, parents, teachers, employers, and employees. The book can easily be used as a supplement to primary texts in introductory psychology courses, and the exercises that follow each question can be used to stimulate lively discussion in role-play and other active learning situations.
Download or read book Representation and Behavior written by Fred Keijzer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001-02-12 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keijzer provides a reconstruction of cognitive science's implicit representational explanation of behavior, which he calls Agent Theory (AT), the use of mind as a subpersonal mechanism of behavior. Representation is a fundamental concept within cognitive science. Most often, representations are interpreted as mental representations, theoretical entities that are the bearers of meaning and the source of intentionality. This approach views representation as the internal reflection of external circumstances—that is, as the end station of sensory processes that translate the environmental state of affairs into a set of mental representations. Fred Keijzer stresses, however, that representations are also the starting point for a set of processes that lead back to the external environment. They are used as theoretical components within an explanation of a person's outwardly visible behavior. In this book Keijzer investigates the usefulness of representation for behavioral explanation, irrespective of mental issues. Viewing representation solely in terms of its contribution to explaining behavior allows him to build a serious case for a nonrepresentational approach and to evaluate representation's role in cognitive science. Keijzer provides a reconstruction of cognitive science's implicit representational explanation of behavior, which he calls Agent Theory (AT). AT is the use of mind as a subpersonal mechanism of behavior. He proposes an alternative to AT called Behavioral Systems Theory (BST), which explains behavior as the result of interactions between an organism and its environment. Keijzer compares BST to related work in the biology of cognition, in the building of animal-like robots, and in dynamical systems theory. Most important, he extends BST to the difficult issue of anticipatory behavior through an analogy between behavior and morphogenesis, the process by which a multicellular body develops.
Download or read book Understanding Other People written by Beverly D. Flaxington and published by Ata Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn to increase your communication effectiveness, in order to deal effectively with the difficult people in your life. You can express yourself confidently, work effectively, and take charge of your own actions and reactions.
Download or read book Understanding Human Information Behavior written by Beth St. Jean and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introductory textbook for undergraduate students in information science, information studies, computer science, and related disciplines provides an applied grounding in information behavior. The book positions information behavior as a foundational element undergirding all of the information and computer science disciplines and professions
