Download or read book Experimental Study of the Behaviour and Strength of Deep Concrete Beams Reinforced with CFRP Bars written by Mohammadreza Zeididouzandeh and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Study on the Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams with Large Circular Openings Strengthened Using CFRP written by Wen Khai Chong and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This experimental research was conducted to study the behaviour of unstrengthen RC deep beams with openings and strengthened using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). Strengthening configuration of CFRP-wrap used in this study were U-wrap and surface-wrap which applied with one layer of CFRP and in vertical alignment (90o). Four RC deep beams which included a solid control beam, a beam with two large circular openings, beams with two large circular openings strengthened using U-wrap and surface-wrap were tested to failure under four-point loading. All the beam specimens were in a dimension of 120 x 600 mm and 2400 mm in length. The support and loading point were located at 300 mm and 800 mm from the edge of the RC deep beams, respectively. Circular openings was designed with a standard of 0.45h which considered as large circular openings in a diameter of 270 mm that located 435 mm from the edge of the RC deep beams. Shear span-to-depth ratio (a/h) in this study was 0.83 in which the distance between the loading point and the support was 500 mm in order for the beam specimens to fail in shear region. RC deep beam with large circular openings, NS-BCO greatly reduced the beam strength, approximately 51.20 % as compared to the control beam. On the other hand, RC deep beam with circular openings strengthened using U-wrap, UW-BCO increases the beam strength up to almost 85.0 % as compared to NS-BCO. Hence, the most effective strengthening method was U-wrap, UW-BCO which re-gained the beam strength up to 90.28 % as compared to control beam.

Download or read book Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams written by F K Kong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-05-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contents of this book have been chosen with the following main aims: to review the present coverage of the major design codes and the CIRIA guide, and to explain the fundamental behaviour of deep beams; to provide information on design topics which are inadequately covered by the current codes and design manuals; and to give authoritative revie

Download or read book Reinforced Concrete Design with FRP Composites written by Hota V.S. GangaRao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-11-20 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the use of composites has increased in many industrial, commercial, medical, and defense applications, there is a lack of technical literature that examines composites in conjunction with concrete construction. Fulfilling the need for a comprehensive, explicit guide, Reinforced Concrete Design with FRP Composites presents specific informat

Download or read book Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars written by ACI Committee 440 and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structural Behaviour of Conventional and FRP Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams written by Fawzi Latosh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many structural applications such as pile caps, girders, foundation walls and offshore structures include the use of reinforced concrete deep beams as structural elements. The structural behaviour of deep beams is affected by its span to depth ratio, type of loading, reinforcement ratio in vertical and horizontal directions, concrete strength, and type of cross section. Since the traditional beam theory is not applicable for designing deep beams, the strut and tie model (STM) was developed earlier as a rational method for estimating the capacity of a reinforced concrete deep beam and accepted in the current codes and standards for the design of such beams. While for designing a conventional (i.e. steel reinforced) concrete deep beams STM has been available in different codes and standards, for FRP-reinforced concrete deep beams such provisions are not available in most codes and standards. Only in the recent edition of the relevant Canadian standard (i.e., CAN/CSA S-806-12) which came out much later than the commencement of the present research, an STM approach has been provided, which is primarily based on that of conventional deep beams with some adjustments by using FRP reinforcement’s properties to calculate the tie capacity. One of the reasons for the lack of standards or code provisions for such systems in other codes (e.g., ACI and Eurocode) is perhaps the lack of adequate experimental data available on the performance of such beams. As the use of FRP reinforced concrete structures is increasing, there is a need to the development of a design method for FRP-reinforced concrete deep beams, which could be similar to the existing STM method available for the conventional deep beams, similar to the approach taken by the Canadian standard. But, such provisions must be validated and/or modified appropriately and calibrated with experimental studies. The objectives of the present research are to: (1) Identify the critical parameters governing the behaviour of conventional concrete deep beams; (2) Develop a design procedure for FRP reinforced concrete deep beams; (3) Study the critical factors in FRP-reinforced concrete deep beams and evaluate the proposed design procedure using numerical and experimental tests; and (4) Evaluate the STM procedure outlined in the CSA-S806-12[2012] for designing FRP reinforced deep beams. The current design provisions for conventional concrete deep beams as provided in the following three prominent standards that use the strut–and-tie model have been extensively reviewed: ACI 318-08, Eurocode EN 1992-1-1-2004(E) and Canadian code CSA A23-3-04. The influence of different variables on the ultimate strength of deep beam estimated using STM provisions in the codes are studied. A large database of available experimental studies on conventional deep beams has been created. The ultimate load capacity and failure pattern for each sample in the database have been evaluated using the STM models provided in the above three standards, and compared with the experimental results and critical parameters that have been identified. The results of the preliminary study show that the use of Strut and Tie model are generally appropriate method for beams with shear-span to depth ratio less than or equal to two. Also the study confirmed that both the shear span-to-depth ratio and the amount of shear web reinforcement have the most significant effect on the behaviour of deep beams and on the codes predictions of the ultimate strength of deep beams. Based on the review of the STM models available for the conventional deep beams as provided in the current standards, a similar model has been developed here to design FRP-reinforced deep beams. Using the proposed method, a set of FRP-reinforced deep beam has been designed and constructed. An experimental program has been carried out to test these beams to study the applicability of the proposed method and effect of the critical design parameters. Nine FRP reinforced concrete deep beams were divided into three groups, based on their shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d), and tested under a single concentrated load to investigate their behaviour and strength. The test variables were the shear span-to-depth ratio and the quantity of web shear reinforcement. The behaviour of deep beams is indicated by their shear strength capacity, mid span deflection, strain at the FRP longitudinal and web reinforcement, crack propagation, and type of failure. A new equation is presented in this study to calculate the contribution of the FRP web reinforcement to the ultimate shear capacity of FRP-reinforced concrete deep beams. As a new version of the CSA standard is available now which provides STM procedure for FRP-reinforced deep beams, the test results have been compared to predictions based on the current CSA design procedure. This investigation reveals that the Strut and Tie model procedure in the CSA-S806-12 code provides a conservative and convenient design procedure for FRP-reinforced concrete deep beams. However, there are some areas where the code provisions can be improved and some inconsistencies in the way the strut capacity is determined can be removed. In addition, the shear design procedures of the ACI 440.1R-06 Code and of the modified Strut and Tie model (STM) from Appendix A of the ACI 318-08 Code were compared based on their test results and a modified STM procedure based on ACI 318-08 provision has been proposed for the adoption to ACI 440. This investigation reveals that adopting the procedure in the ACI 318-08 Code and taking into consideration the properties of FRP reinforcement provides a conservative and rational design procedure for FRP reinforced concrete deep beams.

Download or read book Concrete Beams with Openings written by M. A. Mansur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-01-29 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compiles state-of-the-art information on the behavior, analysis, and design of concrete beams containing transverse openings. Discussions include the need, effects, and classification of openings as well as the general requirements for fulfilling design pure bending, combined bending, and shear - illustrated with numerical examples torsion alone or in combination with bending and shear large rectangular openings as well as opening size and location on beam behavior methods for analyzing ultimate strength and serviceability requirements effects of torsion in beams large openings in continuous beams and their effects on possible redistribution of internal forces as well as guidelines and procedures for the design of such beams effect of prestressing on the serviceability and strength of beams with web openings design against cracking at openings and ultimate loads Concrete Beams with Openings serves as an invaluable source of information for designers and practicing engineers, especially useful since little or no provision or guidelines are currently available in most building codes.

Download or read book Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Having Large Square Openings in Shear Zone with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer CFRP Wrap written by Kin Mun Ng and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Typically, the reinforced concrete (RC) deep beam with large openings are facing some severe problems such as the interruption of natural load transfer by concrete struts acting in compression which can cause an intensive reduction in strength; and the clearly visible cracks in serviceability conditions. The CFRP has become an alternative solution to this issue and being extensively used as an external reinforcement to resolve the strength requirements in structural systems due to extremely strong yet light weight, outstanding fatigue properties, excellent corrosion resistance and easy yet efficient application on concrete. This experimental study is focuses on the investigation of the effect of CFRP wrap in strengthening RC deep beams with large square openings located in shear zone. Three approaches are under consideration; the first is the determination of natural load transfer in normal deep beam without opening, the second is the large square openings in deep beam without CFRP strengthening, and the third is the large square openings in deep beam with CFRP attached around the openings. A total of four RC deep beams which included a solid RC control beam, a deep beam with two large square openings, and two beams with two large square openings strengthened by using CFRP strips in different strengthening configurations, were tested to failure under four point loading to determine the relative structural behaviour such as ultimate load, failure mode, crack patterns, and load deflection behaviour. All RC deep beams were designed in a dimension of 120 x 600 mm and 2400 mm in length. The width and height of large square openings were in a dimension of 270 x 270 mm and located 300 mm from the edge of the deep beam. The loading point and support were located at 800 mm and 300 mm from the edge of the deep beam, respectively. RC deep beam with large square openings, US-BSO was significantly reduced the beam capacity by 61.76 % as compared to solid control beam, CB. However, the RC deep beam with large square openings strengthened by CFRP strips wrapped in U-shaped, SU-BSO has increases the beam capacity by 62.77 % compared to US-BSO. From the results obtained, it was found that the most effective CFRP strengthening method for RC deep beam with large square openings was U-shaped, which recovered the beam capacity up to 62.24 % as compared to solid control beam.

Download or read book Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Strengthened in Flexure with CFRP written by Mustafa Mohammed Raheem and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research presents an analytical and experimental investigation for the use of flexural CFRP sheets as a strengthening technique to improve the shear capacity of reinforced concrete deep beams. The analytical work presents a new analysis method that is developed to predict the response of reinforced concrete deep beams with and without flexural CFRP strengthening. The method utilizes the truss analogy approach that is extended from the Strut-and-Tie Model (STM) for unstrengthened beams. In contrary to STM, the new method is used to capture the full structural response of unstrengthened beams by modeling a single truss. On the other hand, the new method is used to predict the entire response of strengthened beams by assuming the beam to be composed of two parallel compatible trusses. The first truss has its lower chord member composed of the steel bars while the second truss has its lower chord member composed of the flexural CFPR sheets. By imposing the compatibility condition of a statically indeterminate truss, the contribution of each truss is realized. The experimental work was conducted on three deep beam specimens with identical rectangular cross-sectional area. The first beam was tested as a control beam, and the other two beams were strengthened in flexure with four layers of flexural CFRP sheets anchored by two different flexural anchorage devices. The first strengthened beam was anchored with GFRP patches applied to both sides of the beam. The second strengthened beam was anchored with side GFRP bars inserted longitudinally to both sides of the beam. The comparison between the analytical and experimental results showed reasonable agreement and asserted the validity of the analytical approach and methodology developed in this study.

Download or read book Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Under Static and Dynamic Loading written by Fred W. Beaufait and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the review of eleven references concerning reinforced concrete deep beams, it was possible to summarize: (1) the modes of failure of deep beams, (2) the static ultimate strength design equations for flexure and shear, and (3) the flexure and shear design equations for deep beams subjected to dynamic loading. In addition, a computer program was written to develop the moment-curvature curve for a reinforced concrete beam section with tensile reinforcement in a single layer. A limited experimental investigation was conducted for two reinforced concrete deep beams having span-to-depth ratios of 1.67 and subjected to a single, concentrated dynamic load at midspan. The results served to point out the areas where additional research is required to develop a more complete understanding of the behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams. Recommendations are made as to needs for additional study. (Author).

Download or read book Behavior of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams with Various Reinforcements written by Abdullah Almakrab and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this study is to investigate the behavior of high strength concrete beams reinforced with various reinforcement under monotonic loading with various shear span-to-depth ratios and to compare the measured load-deflection history with the available prediction equations. In this study, eight high strength concrete (HSC) beams were prepared and cast using a concrete strength of 10 ksi. All beams spanned 7 ft. and were 12 inches deep and 6 inches' wide. Some of beams were reinforced with conventional #5 steel and others were reinforced with carbon fiber (CF) and glass fiber grids. Three beams were reinforced with #3 stirrups at 8 inches spacing and one beam was reinforced with #3 stirrups at 3-inch spacing. The beams were simply supported under monotonic four-point bending load using a servo-valve actuator with a capacity of 75 kips under three shear span-to-depth ratios. The data collected in this study included load-displacement-history at midspan, steel and carbon fiber strains, mode of failure and crack patterns. The experimental results were compared to analytical models from the literature. The models are very commonly used to predict the effective moment of inertia of reinforced concrete beams and consequently predict the deflection at the cracking and at the ultimate loads. The study concluded that the behavior of the HSC beams was dependent on the type of reinforcement and on the shear span-to-depth ratio as well as the availability of transverse reinforcement. The analytical models, predictions of failure ultimate loads and mode of failure were in good agreement with the experimental results. For the HSC beams reinforced with steel bars, Branson's deflection equation highly overestimated the deflection. For beams reinforced with CFRP and GFRP grids, the analytical equations underestimated the deflection at the midspan, which suggests the need to modify the existing deflection equations when HSC is reinforced with carbon fiber grids.

Download or read book The Shear Behaviour of Concrete Beams Strengthened with CFRP written by Wissam Sadiq and published by . This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Eexperimental and Numerical Studies on Behaviour of Frp Strengthened Deep Beams with Openings written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinforced concrete deep beams are widely used as transfer girders in offshore structures and foundations, walls of bunkers and load bearing walls in buildings. The presence of web openings in such beams is frequently required to provide accessibility such as doors and windows or to accommodate essential services such as ventilating and air conditioning ducts. Enlargement of such openings due to architectural/mechanical requirements and/or a change in the building's function would reduce the element's shear capacity, thus rendering a severe safety hazard. Limited studies have been reported in the literature on the behavior and strength of RC deep beams with openings. When such enlargement is unavoidable adequate measures should be taken to strengthen the beam and counteract the strength reduction. The present experimental investigation deals with the study of deep beams containing openings and the validation of results with FEM model using ANSYS. A total of 5 deep beams with openings are casted without shear reinforcements and are tested under three-point loading. Test specimen has a cross section of 150x460 mm and a total length of 1200 mm. Two circular openings, one in each shear span, are placed symmetrically about the mid-point of the beam. The structural response of RC deep beams with openings was primarily dependent on the degree of the interruption of the natural load path. Externally bonded GFRP shear strengthening around the openings was found very effective in upgrading the shear strength of RC deep beams. The strength gain caused by the GFRP sheets was in the range of 68-125%. Finite element modeling of RC deep beams containing openings strengthened with GFRP sheets is studied using ANSYS and the results are compared with experimental findings.

Download or read book Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures written by L C Hollaway and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-03-05 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in situ rehabilitation or upgrading of reinforced concrete members using bonded steel plates is an effective, convenient and economic method of improving structural performance. However, disadvantages inherent in the use of steel have stimulated research into the possibility of using fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials in its place, providing a non-corrosive, more versatile strengthening system.This book presents a detailed study of the flexural strengthening of reinforced and prestressed concrete members using fibre reinforces polymer composite plates. It is based to a large extent on material developed or provided by the consortium which studied the technology of plate bonding to upgrade structural units using carbon fibre / polymer composite materials. The research and trial tests were undertaken as part of the ROBUST project, one of several ventures in the UK Government's DTI-LINK Structural Composites Programme.The book has been designed for practising structural and civil engineers seeking to understand the principles and design technology of plate bonding, and for final year undergraduate and postgraduate engineers studying the principles of highway and bridge engineering and structural engineering. - Detailed study of the flexural strengthening of reinforced and prestressed concrete members using fibre reinforced polymer composites - Contains in-depth case histories

Download or read book Fiber reinforced plastic FRP Reinforcement for Concrete Structures written by Antonio Nanni and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1993 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites for prestressed and non-prestressed concrete reinforcement has developed into a technology with serious and substantial claims for the advancement of construction materials and methods. Research and development is now occurring worldwide. The 20 papers in this volume make a further contribution in advancing knowledge and acceptance of FRP composites for concrete reinforcement. The articles are divided into three parts. Part I introduces FRP reinforcement for concrete structures and describes general material properties and manufacturing meth.

Download or read book The Behaviour of Deep Reinforced Concrete Beams written by C. R. Braam and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete ACI 318 08 and Commentary written by ACI Committee 318 and published by American Concrete Institute. This book was released on 2008 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality and testing of materials used in construction are covered by reference to the appropriate ASTM standard specifications. Welding of reinforcement is covered by reference to the appropriate AWS standard. Uses of the Code include adoption by reference in general building codes, and earlier editions have been widely used in this manner. The Code is written in a format that allows such reference without change to its language. Therefore, background details or suggestions for carrying out the requirements or intent of the Code portion cannot be included. The Commentary is provided for this purpose. Some of the considerations of the committee in developing the Code portion are discussed within the Commentary, with emphasis given to the explanation of new or revised provisions. Much of the research data referenced in preparing the Code is cited for the user desiring to study individual questions in greater detail. Other documents that provide suggestions for carrying out the requirements of the Code are also cited.