Download or read book Experimental Studies of Laser Kinetic Processes written by William Hartnell Pence and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Kinetic Processes in Gases and Molecular Lasers written by Boris F. Gordiets and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1988 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a complete systematic analysis of the processes of relaxation kinetics and the study of physical models of gas lasers. It begins by introducing the reader to the basic theory and fundamental problems in relaxation processes in gasses, and goes on to examine the new trend of physico-chemical kinetics in the field of laser emission. Finally, it presents the operating principles and physical models of all fundamental types of gas lasers.

Download or read book Laser Processing and Chemistry written by Dieter Bäuerle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-02 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser Processing and Chemistry gives an overview of the fundamentals and applications of laser-matter interactions, in particular with regard to laser material processing. Special attention is given to laser-induced physical and chemical processes at gas-solid, liquid-solid, and solid-solid interfaces. Starting with the background physics, the book proceeds to examine applications of laser techniques in micro-machining, and the patterning, coating, and modification of material surfaces. This fourth edition has been revised and enlarged to cover new topics such as 3D microfabrication, advances in nanotechnology, ultrafast laser technology and laser chemical processing (LCP). Graduate students, physicists, chemists, engineers, and manufacturers alike will find this book an invaluable reference work on laser processing.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Laser Processing of Materials written by Jacques Perriere and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-03-29 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser materials interaction and processing is an established and growing field within the materials science community. By taking a detailed look at the fundamentals of laser matter interaction, Recent Advances in Laser Processing of Materials charts the recent progress of laser materials interaction and processing in various emerging materials science domains. With special emphasis placed on nanostructures and future developments, this book provides an interdisciplinary support for basic and applied photo-assisted processing research. Coverage includes: laser assisted synthesis of new materials (nanoparticles, nanotubes, active molecules, new phases...) laser assisted surface transformation (nanostructuring, lithography, etching...) laser assisted bulk material transformation (doping, marking, crystallisation...) Laser assisted synthesis of new materials (nanoparticles, nanotubes, active molecules, new phases...) Laser assisted surface transformation (nanostructuring, lithography, etching...) Laser assisted bulk material transformation (doping, marking, crystallisation...)

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Physical Processes in Laser Materials Interactions written by M. Bertolotti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a pleasure to write a few words as an introduction to the proceedings of the 1980 NATO ASI on "Physical Processes in Laser Naterial Interaction." This ASI is the ninth course of a series devoted to lasers and their applications, held under the responsibility of the Quantum Electronics Division of the European Physical Society, and for this reason known as the "Europhysics School of Quantum Electronics." Since 1971 the School has been operating with the joint direc tion of myself as representative of the academic research, and Dr. D. Roess (formerly with Siemens AEG, Munich, and now with Sick, Optik und Electronik, GmbH, Munich) for the industrial applications. Indeed the aim of the School is to alternate fundamental and applied frontier topics in the area of quantum electronics and modern optics, in order to introduce young research people from universities and industrial R&D laboratories to the new aspects of research opened by the laser.

Download or read book Metal Vapor Visible Laser Kinetics Program written by D. Trainor and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective: The objective of this program is to investigate experimentally and theoretically the important kinetic rate processes pertinent to the development of a high power metal vapor visible laser. This research consists of three tasks. Each of the tasks are summarized below. Task I - Lower Level Kinetics (Experimental) Objective: The purpose of this task is to identify metal atom systems that allow selective collisional relaxation processes to efficiently quench lower levels of potential or demonstrated laser transitions. The present experimental study is directed to kinetic rate constant measurements for collisional relaxation of low-lying metastable states of lead, copper, and bismuth. TASK II - UPPER LEVEL KINETICS (EXPERIMENTAL) Objective: The purpose of this task is to determine the efficiency of various quenching gases in deactivating the upper laser level of lead. To be useful, a quenching gas must rapidly relax the lower laser level and slowly relax the upper laser level, i.e. be selective. Accomplishments: The high temperature resonance fluorescence apparatus utilizing DC phase sensitive detection techniques constructed under this contract was used to provide cross-section information on the lead(6p7s) 3P 10 state. This task was completed and results reported in the semi-annual technical report dated February 1976. TASK III - EXCITATION PROCESSES (THEORETICAL) Objective: The objective of this effort is to calculate electronic impact and quenching cross sections for the upper and lower laser levels of copper. Accomplishments: Important cross sections required for modeling the copper vapor laser were calculated.

Download or read book The Theory of Laser Materials Processing written by John Dowden and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised edition of this important reference volume presents an expanded overview of the analytical and numerical approaches employed when exploring and developing modern laser materials processing techniques. The book shows how general principles can be used to obtain insight into laser processes, whether derived from fundamental physical theory or from direct observation of experimental results. The book gives readers an understanding of the strengths and limitations of simple numerical and analytical models that can then be used as the starting-point for more elaborate models of specific practical, theoretical or commercial value. Following an introduction to the mathematical formulation of some relevant classes of physical ideas, the core of the book consists of chapters addressing key applications in detail: cutting, keyhole welding, drilling, arc and hybrid laser-arc welding, hardening, cladding and forming. The second edition includes a new a chapter on glass cutting with lasers, as employed in the display industry. A further addition is a chapter on meta-modelling, whose purpose is to construct fast, simple and reliable models based on appropriate sources of information. It then makes it easy to explore data visually and is a convenient interactive tool for scientists to improve the quality of their models and for developers when designing their processes. As in the first edition, the book ends with an updated introduction to comprehensive numerical simulation. Although the book focuses on laser interactions with materials, many of the principles and methods explored can be applied to thermal modelling in a variety of different fields and at different power levels. It is aimed principally however at academic and industrial researchers and developers in the field of laser technology.

Download or read book Pulsed Laser Ablation written by Ion N. Mihailescu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulsed laser–based techniques for depositing and processing materials are an important area of modern experimental and theoretical scientific research and development, with promising, challenging opportunities in the fields of nanofabrication and nanostructuring. Understanding the interplay between deposition/processing conditions, laser parameters, as well as material properties and dimensionality is demanding for improved fundamental knowledge and novel applications. This book introduces and discusses the basic principles of pulsed laser–matter interaction, with a focus on its peculiarities and perspectives compared to other conventional techniques and state-of-the-art applications. The book starts with an overview of the growth topics, followed by a discussion of laser–matter interaction depending on laser pulse duration, background conditions, materials, and combination of materials and structures. The information outlines the foundation to introduce examples of laser nanostructuring/processing of materials, pointing out the importance of pulsed laser–based technologies in modern (nano)science. With respect to similar texts and monographs, the book offers a comprehensive review including bottom-up and top-down laser-induced processes for nanoparticles and nanomicrostructure generation. Theoretical models are discussed by correlation with advanced experimental protocols in order to account for the fundamentals and underline physical mechanisms of laser–matter interaction. Reputed, internationally recognized experts in the field have contributed to this book. In particular, this book is suitable for a reader (graduate students as well as postgraduates and more generally researchers) new to the subject of pulsed laser ablation in order to gain physical insight into and advanced knowledge of mechanisms and processes involved in any deposition/processing experiment based on pulsed laser–matter interaction. Since knowledge in the field is given step by step comprehensively, this book serves as a valid introduction to the field as well as a foundation for further specific readings.

Download or read book Laser Ablation and Desorption written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-12-10 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume introduces the subject of laser ablation and desorption to scientists and engineers. It covers fundamental experimental and theoretical tools, models, and techniques, and introduces the most important applications. Clearly written and organized in a straightforward manner, Laser Ablation and Desorption lead the reader straight through the fundamentals of laser-surface interactions. Each chapter is self-contained and includes references to other chapters as necessary, so that readers may begin with the topic of greatest interest and follow the references to other aspects of the subject contained within the book. Key Features * Provides up-to-date information about one of the most active fields in physics today * Written and edited by major figures in the field of laser ablation and desorption * Represents the most comprehensive treatment of the state-of-the-art available

Download or read book Laser Ablation in Liquids written by Guowei Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 1194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the fundamental concepts and physical and chemical aspects of pulsed laser ablation of solid targets in liquid environments and its applications in the preparation of nanomaterials and fabrication of nanostructures. The areas of focus include basic thermodynamic and kinetic processes of laser ablation in liquids, and its applications in metal and metal oxides nanocrystals synthesis and semiconductor nanostructures fabrication. The book comprises theoretical and experimental analysis of laser ablation in liquids, research methods, and preparation techniques.

Download or read book Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V5 written by C. Bradley Moore and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical and Biological Applications of Lasers, Volume V focuses on the laser applications in photochemistry and spectroscopy. This book examines the spectroscopic detection of single atoms and explores the purification of industrial chemicals. Organized into seven chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the methods developed for laser detection of single atoms, including fluorescence, photoionization, photodeflection, and their combinations. This text then discusses the methods of high resolution spectroscopy, which provide detailed information on molecular structure and reaction kinetics studies. Other chapters review several laser photodissociation studies, which explain dissociation dynamics. This book discusses as well the possibilities for selective photochemical reactions and examines the potential of lasers for practical application in chemical processing. The final chapter considers the various metals that can undergo a photochemical change in oxidation state in ordinary solvents. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, chemists, electrochemists, photochemists, electrical engineers, and chemical engineers.

Download or read book Ultraviolet Laser Absorption Studies of the Vibrational Relaxation and Reaction Kinetics of Shock heated Air Species written by Jesse William Streicher and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series of experimental studies leverages ultraviolet (UV) laser absorption diagnostics to probe quantum-state-specific time-histories, which are subsequently used to infer vibrational relaxation and reaction kinetics rate parameters for shock-heated air species. Validation of high-fidelity models for high-temperature hypersonic flows requires high-accuracy kinetics data, motivating these time-history and rate parameter measurements. Experiments were performed in a pressure-driven shock tube, with measurements made behind reflected shocks. Additionally, three new UV laser absorption diagnostics were developed to sensitively probe absorbance, temperature, and number density time-histories. Specific wavelengths were chosen to probe oxygen (O2) in multiple vibrational levels and nitric oxide (NO) in multiple rotational levels, enabling the inference of multiple temperatures and number densities. These time-histories enabled inferences of rate parameters for vibrational relaxation, coupled vibration-dissociation, and NO decomposition processes with low uncertainty. The combined use of reflected shocks and UV laser absorption diagnostics resulted in time-histories and rate parameters that address the need for low-uncertainty, quantum-state-specific data for validation of high-fidelity computational models of high-temperature air. Reflected shock experiments benefit time-history and rate parameter measurements by accessing a wide range of post-shock conditions and mixtures, by observing a well-defined time-zero for inferring rate parameters, and by nearly stagnating the test gas, thereby avoiding impacts of flow effects on rate measurements. Experimental temperatures ranged from 2,000 - 14,000 K, pressures from 0.022 - 1.524 atm, and test gases containing pure O2, mixtures of 2%, 5%, 20%, and 50% O2 diluted in argon (Ar), mixtures of 10% and 21% O2 diluted in nitrogen (N2), and mixtures of 2%, 1%, and 0.4% NO diluted in either pure Ar, pure N2, or equal parts N2/Ar. For all of the mixtures considered, measurements were made at higher temperatures than any past studies, and measurements at 14,000 K represent a significant advancement in the use of reflected-shock experiments to probe high-temperature nonequilibrium phenomena. Besides extending data to high temperatures, the range of mixture compositions also extended the available rate data for the O2 and NO interactions with N2 that strongly influence high-temperature air. Three UV lasers -- two continuous-wave (CW) lasers and one pulsed laser -- measured absorbance time-histories from the fourth, fifth, and sixth vibrational levels of the electronic ground state of O2 and multiple rotational states in the ground vibrational and electronic state of NO. The absorbance time-histories subsequently yielded post-shock time-histories for vibrational temperature, translational/rotational temperature, total number density, and vibrational-state-specific number density. These state-specific temperature and number density time-histories demonstrated low uncertainty, as needed for high-temperature model validation, while also providing data to higher temperature than previous experiments. Five studies were completed to investigate high-temperature vibrational relaxation and reaction kinetics -- three for O2 and two for NO. For each study, the absorbance sensitivity to each of the reaction rate parameters was quantified, thereby informing the fitting windows and demonstrating the changing reaction sensitivity over the experimental test time. The sensitivity and time-histories were used to infer multiple rate parameters, and the results were compared to a range of models and literature studies. In the first study, the three vibrational relaxation times that influence O2 in high-temperature air were inferred from vibrational temperature time-histories. These measurements were sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between vibration-translation (VT) and vibration-vibration (VV) relaxation processes. Results for O2-O2 VT times agree with the Millikan and White correlation at temperatures below 4,000 K, while high-temperature data deviate from the Millikan and White correlation exhibiting a reduced temperature dependence. In contrast, data for O2-N2 VT times exceed the Millikan and White correlation by 70% at all temperatures but show reasonable agreement with previous data below 5,000 K. High-temperature results again show a reduced temperature dependence, but this study shows longer relaxation times than previous work. Finally, the data for O2-N2 VV times exceed the semi-empirical relation developed by Berend et al. by 70%, but overlap with previous measurements. Due to insensitivity of the chemical system to VV transfer at high temperatures, results for O2-N2 VV times were only inferred below 6,000 K. The full set of rate data thereby clarify three of the five important relaxation processes in air, while extending available data to nearly 9,000 K. In the second and third studies, shock-tube experiments with UV laser absorption were performed to measure quantum-state-specific time-histories and coupled vibration-dissociation (CVDV) rate parameters in shock-heated, nondilute O2 and oxygen-argon (O2/Ar) mixtures. The second study established the methodology in highly dilute O2/Ar mixtures, with the third study extending the method to investigate O2-O2 and O2-O interactions. The analysis of the temperature and number density time-histories allowed inference of rate parameters in the Marrone and Treanor CVDV model, including vibrational relaxation time, average vibrational energy loss, vibrational coupling factor, and dissociation rate coefficients. Results for each of these seven parameters show reasonable consistency across the range of temperatures, pressures, and mixtures and generally agree with a modified Marrone and Treanor (MMT) model by Chaudhry et al. Finally, results for these rate parameters exhibit much lower scatter than previous experimental studies and extend measurements to higher temperatures than previous experiments. These CVDV studies demonstrated the inference of coupling parameters in O2 experiments and extended rate data to nearly 14,000 K. In the fourth and fifth studies, the shock tube and UV laser absorption diagnostics were extended to probe NO vibrational relaxation and decomposition. The fourth study leveraged pure Ar dilution to investigate the autocatalytic decomposition of NO, while the fifth study extended time-history and rate measurements to dilution in N2 and equal parts N2/Ar. For these experiments, the absorbance, temperature, and number-density time-histories yielded four vibrational relaxation times and five rate coefficients for multiple NO decomposition reactions with reduced scatter and uncertainty. Few studies have directly inferred the NO-N2 rates from experiments, emphasizing the novelty of these data. Generally, these rate data are consistent with data from the literature, although NO VT times are observed to differ strongly from both the Millikan and White correlation and Park two-temperature model. Additionally, the NO-N2 VV time is four times slower than an inference from Taylor et al. The reaction rate coefficients are consistent with previous work by Wray and Teare, although the dissociation reaction rate coefficients notably differ from the Park two-temperature model. Together, the available data for NO vibrational relaxation and decomposition were extended to nearly 9,000 K. Overall, these experiments determined eight vibrational relaxation times, eight reaction rate coefficients, and two coupling parameters, providing low-uncertainty rate data and extending the available data to high temperatures. The rate parameters were directly compared to available model and literature values, but the full set of data broadly enable model validation. Zero-dimensional model results can be compared to the particle-time-adjusted time-history measurements, whereas models that include the one-dimensional incident and reflected shock processes can be compared to the lab-time measurements. Measuring 5 mm from the endwall ensured the difference between particle time and lab time was small. Similarly, the available data provide many options for the wide variety of nonequilibrium model frameworks, and details of the frameworks and comparisons to the current data are included throughout the various studies. As a specific example using the current time-histories for model validation, the O2/Ar time-histories were compared against state-to state modeling, and the temperature and state-specific number density time-histories agree reasonably well with the state-to-state modeling at low temperatures but deviate significantly at high temperatures. Additional validation studies are anticipated, enabling many more opportunities for model refinement and validation.

Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electric Discharge and Afterglow Kinetics for Laser Mixtures with Carbon Monoxide Oxygen and Iodine written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report results from a contract tasking Lebedev Physics Institute as follows: Previous research carried out under the ISTC partner contracts has demonstrated that an electric discharge could be a powerful means for producing highly excited CO molecules needed for overtone CO lasers, for producing electrically excited oxygen and for obtaining iodine atoms via iodine dissociation, which can be extremely useful for the development of the electrically assisted oxygen-iodine laser. Therefore, the Project will be aimed at improving understanding of three main problems tightly related to each other: the experimental and theoretical study of the kinetics of highly excited CO molecules in an E-beam and RF discharge, which is extremely important for development of efficient overtone CO laser (including the supersonic CO laser); the experimental and theoretical study of singlet-delta oxygen (SDO) kinetics in E-beam and DC discharges, which is important for efficient SDO production and development of an electrically-assisted oxygen-iodine laser; the experimental and theoretical study of the kinetics of atomic iodine production in vortex flow DC discharges, which is important for the improvement of chemical oxygen-iodine lasers. The research team proposed for this project consists of experts from the Gas Laser Lab and Chemical Lasers Lab of the Quantum Radiophysics Institute of the Lebedev Physics Institute in Moscow and the Samara Branch of the Lebedev Institute. The research team has extensive experience in the field of experimental and theoretical fundamental research on kinetic processes taking place in the active media of different electric discharge and chemical lasers.

Download or read book OAR written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: