Download or read book Experimental Studies of Entrainment at the Top of the Dry Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by Bernard M. Claxton and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Case Studies of the Structure of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Entrainment Zone written by Timothy D. Crum and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of the atmospheric entrainment zone, an interfacial layer between the convective boundary layer and the stable air aloft, is studied using data obtained during Boundary Layer Experiment 1983 in Oklahoma. Coincident high resolution aircraft and lidar observations provided a unique picture of the daytime continental entrainment zone. Fast-response Lyman alpha hygrometer output voltages from the aircraft are calibrated to yield meteorological units of humidity. Humidity values indicative of surface layer air are observed at all levels within rising thermals, and the corresponding top-hat humidity cross sections suggest little lateral entrainment. Two approaches are taken to describe the humidity structure of the entrainment zone. The first uses the linear mixing character of specific humidity. This yields vertical profiles of the proportion of surface layer air that are described well by the cumulative distribution function of asymmetrical double exponential functions. The second approach models frequency distributions of three types of air in the entrainment zone: unmixed free atmosphere (dry); unmixed surface layer air (moist); and a mixture of these two. These results can be useful in cloud models and for future studies of the boundary layer.
Download or read book Field Measurements of the Amount of Surface Layer Air Versus Height in the Entrainment Zone written by Timothy D. Crum and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of the atmospheric entrainment zone, an interfacial layer between the convective boundary layer and the stable air aloft, is studied using coincident high resolution aircraft and lidar observations obtained during Boundary Layer Experiment-1983. Humidity as measured by a fast-response Lyman alpha humidiometer is used as a tracer to estimate the of surface-layer origin air reaching various heights in the entrainment zone. Two approaches are taken to describe the humidity structure of the entrainment zone. The first approach models the frequency distributions of the three types of air in the entrainment zone: unmixed free atmosphere (dry); unmixed surface layer air (moist); and a mixture of these two. The resultant modeled frequency distributions of specific humidity capture the following observed features: Low in the convective boundary layer, surface layer air is frequently observed with little mixture air and no free atmosphere air. Higher in the convective boundary layer, near the middle of the entrainment zone, the proportion of unmixed free atmosphere and mixture air increases while the proportion of unmixed surface layer air decreases. Approaching the top of the entrainment zone, unmixed surface layer and mixture air proportions decrease to zero leaving only unmixed free atmosphere air. These results are critical for the successful forecasts of fair-weather cumulus. The second approach uses the linear mixing character of air with different specific humidities and yields vertical profiles of the proportion of surface layer air present.
Download or read book The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by J. R. Garratt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Download or read book Practical Meteorology written by Roland Stull and published by Sundog Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2018 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.
Download or read book An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology written by Roland B. Stull and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-07-31 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the excitement in boundary-layer meteorology is the challenge associated with turbulent flow - one of the unsolved problems in classical physics. An additional attraction of the filed is the rich diversity of topics and research methods that are collected under the umbrella-term of boundary-layer meteorology. The flavor of the challenges and the excitement associated with the study of the atmospheric boundary layer are captured in this textbook. Fundamental concepts and mathematics are presented prior to their use, physical interpretations of the terms in equations are given, sample data are shown, examples are solved, and exercises are included. The work should also be considered as a major reference and as a review of the literature, since it includes tables of parameterizatlons, procedures, filed experiments, useful constants, and graphs of various phenomena under a variety of conditions. It is assumed that the work will be used at the beginning graduate level for students with an undergraduate background in meteorology, but the author envisions, and has catered for, a heterogeneity in the background and experience of his readers.
Download or read book A High Resolution Entrainment Model for the Convective Planetary Boundary Layer written by Ray F. Kamada and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coastal Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost half the U.S. population lives along the coast. In another 20 years this population is expected to more than double in size. The unique weather and climate of the coastal zone, circulating pollutants, altering storms, changing temperature, and moving coastal currents affect air pollution and disaster preparedness, ocean pollution, and safeguarding near-shore ecosystems. Activities in commerce, industry, transportation, freshwater supply, safety, recreation, and national defense also are affected. The research community engaged in studies of coastal meteorology in recent years has made significant advancements in describing and predicting atmospheric properties along coasts. Coastal Meteorology reviews this progress and recommends research that would increase the value and application of what is known today.
Download or read book The Physics and Parameterization of Moist Atmospheric Convection written by R.K. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date summary of our understanding of the dynamics and thermodynamics of moist atmospheric convection, with a strong focus on recent developments in the field. The book also reviews ways in which moist convection may be parameterised in large-scale numerical models - a field in which there is still some controversy - and discusses the implications of convection for large-scale flow. Audience: The book is aimed at the graduate level and research meteorologists as well as scientists in other disciplines who need to know more about moist convection and its representation in numerical models.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploratory Meeting on Airborne Doppler Lidar Wind Velocity Measurements written by George H. Fichtl and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on more than twenty years of research and lecturing, Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano and his team's textbook provides an excellent introduction to the interactions between the atmosphere and the land for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and a reference text for researchers in atmospheric physics and chemistry, hydrology, and plant physiology. The combination of the book, which provides the essential theoretical concepts, and the associated interactive Chemistry Land-surface Atmosphere Soil Slab (CLASS) software, which provides hands-on practical exercises and allows students to design their own numerical experiments, will prove invaluable for learning about many aspects of the soil-vegetation-atmosphere system. This book has a modular and flexible structure, allowing instructors to accommodate it to their own learning-outcome needs.
Download or read book Exchange and Transport of Air Pollutants over Complex Terrain and the Sea written by Soren E. Larsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the regional models required to understand and control the generation, distribution and deposition of air pollutants become more precise, the need to understand the detailed effects of hilly and mountainous terrain becomes more acute. The Alpine regions and the mountainous Mediterranean coasts have large effets on the way the pollutant burden is spread in their areas. Similarly an understanding of the effects of chemical and physical processes controlling pollutant deposition and the emission of biogenic compounds is essential to the correct modelling of the coastal regions which surround so much of Europe. The results from two projects on these problems are presented in this volume: one involved a series of field campaigns in the Alps and in the Rhine valley, the other involves ships and platforms in the North Sea and also in the Mediterranean.
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layer Bursting written by Beric E. Wells and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Summaries of Projects Completed in Fiscal Year written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1090 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology written by Roland B. Stull and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the excitement in boundary-layer meteorology is the challenge associated with turbulent flow - one of the unsolved problems in classical physics. An additional attraction of the filed is the rich diversity of topics and research methods that are collected under the umbrella-term of boundary-layer meteorology. The flavor of the challenges and the excitement associated with the study of the atmospheric boundary layer are captured in this textbook. Fundamental concepts and mathematics are presented prior to their use, physical interpretations of the terms in equations are given, sample data are shown, examples are solved, and exercises are included. The work should also be considered as a major reference and as a review of the literature, since it includes tables of parameterizatlons, procedures, filed experiments, useful constants, and graphs of various phenomena under a variety of conditions. It is assumed that the work will be used at the beginning graduate level for students with an undergraduate background in meteorology, but the author envisions, and has catered for, a heterogeneity in the background and experience of his readers.
