Download or read book Existence of Credit Rationing for Sme s in the Belgian Corporate Bank Loan Market written by Tensie Steijvers and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Credit rationing is by many Keynesian economists nowadays seen as one of the most important examples of market failure in a modern capitalistic economy. Credit rationing occurs if in equilibrium the demand for loans exceeds the supply at the ruling price (interest rate). Since (Belgian) SMEs heavily rely on bank finance, this restricted access to bank finance could have a negative effect on the investment in new profitable projects and growth of the economy.Due to the lack of empirical research in this domain, we study the empirical significance of credit rationing for SMEs in a Belgian (bank based) context for the period 1993-2001. The novelty of our research consists of the distinction we make between credit rationing for long and short term bank credit. Moreover, in contrast to the numerous previous studies, pioneered by Fazzari et al. (1988), we opt for an endogenous classification into 'credit rationed' and 'non credit rationed' firms, allowing for switching between both groups throughout time.An extensive panel data set consisting of 2.698 SMEs reporting data over the period 1993-2001 is used to estimate the demand-supply disequilibrium model for long and short term bank debt. This is done by means of the instrumental variable technique 3 Stage Least Squares (3SLS). Based on these estimated models, the proportion of credit rationed SMEs is calculated. Our results suggest that, over the entire period, more than 50% of the Belgian SMEs are credit rationed for long and short term bank credit. In most years, long term bank credit is being slightly more rationed than short term bank credit, except in 2001. Moreover, in that year a spectacular increase in credit rationing of more than 10% is perceived.The results reveal that credit rationed firms for short term bank credit are smaller, faster growing firms with a low return on assets, added value, quick ratio, cash flow to assets ratio and much less accounts receivable and inventories to offer as collateral. For long term bank credit, credit rationed firms are in general smaller and younger firms with low cash flow to assets ratios, low growth rate and much less tangible assets to offer as collateral even though they have a higher added value and return on assets ratio than unconstrained firms.We can conclude from both analyses that constrained Belgian SMEs can be mainly characterized as young, small SMEs with little internal financial resources and a lack of assets to guarantee the repayment of debt.
Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Family Business written by Franz Kellermanns and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Companion to Family Business offers a definitive survey of a field that has seen rapid growth in research in recent years. Edited by leading scholars with contributions from the top minds in family business from around the world, this volume provides researchers and scholars with a comprehensive understanding of the state of the discipline. Over 25 chapters address a wide variety of subjects, providing readers with a thorough review of the key research themes in the modern family firm, such as corporate social responsibility and bank debt rationing. International examples cover a wide range of economies including China, Europe, and Latin America. The book will appeal to undergraduates, postgraduates and business instructors seeking a definitive view of the issues and solutions that affect and support family business.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurial Finance written by Douglas Cumming and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive picture of issues dealing with different sources of entrepreneurial finance and different issues with financing entrepreneurs. The Handbook comprises contributions from 48 authors based in 12 different countries.
Download or read book The Determinants of Financing Obstacles written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book UNCITRAL Model Law on Secured Transactions written by United Nations Commission on International Trade Law and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "Model Law" deals with security interests in all types of tangible and intangible movable property, such as goods, receivables, bank accounts, negotiable instruments, negotiable documents,
Download or read book Estimating the Costs of Financial Regulation written by Mr.Andre Santos and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Staff Discussion Notes showcase the latest policy-related analysis and research being developed by individual IMF staff and are published to elicit comment and to further debate. These papers are generally brief and written in nontechnical language, and so are aimed at a broad audience interested in economic policy issues. This Web-only series replaced Staff Position Notes in January 2011.
Download or read book Expanding Access to Finance written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book's prime audience is government policy-makers. It provides a policy framework for governments to increase micro, small and medium enterprises' access to financial services?one which is based on empirical evidence from around the world. Financial sector policies in many developing countries often work against the ability of commercial financial institutions to serve this market segment, albeit, often unintentionally. The framework guides governments on how to best focus scarce resources on three things: ? developing an inclusive financial sector policy; ? building healthy financial ins
Download or read book Trade Credit and Bank Credit written by Inessa Love and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors study the effect of financial crises on trade credit in a sample of 890 firms in six emerging economies. They find that although provision of trade credit increases right after the crisis, it consequently collapses in the following months and years. The authors observe that firms with weaker financial position (for example, high pre-crisis level of short-term debt and low cash stocks and cash flows) are more likely to reduce trade credit provided to their customers. This suggests that the decline in aggregate credit provision is driven by the reduction in the supply of trade credit, which follows the bank credit crunch. The results are consistent with the "redistribution view" of trade credit provision, in which bank credit is redistributed by way of trade credit by the firms with stronger financial position to the firms with weaker financial stand "--World Bank web site.
Download or read book Matarenda Talents in Zimbabwean Pentecostalism written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Matarenda/Talents in Zimbabwean Pentecostalism, the contributors reflect on how Pentecostalism contributes to the empowerment of marginalised societies, empowers women through the matarenda practices, and contributes to the development of wider society.
Download or read book New Paradigm in Macroeconomics written by R. Werner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-03-21 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern mainstream economics is attracting an increasing number of critics of its high degree of abstraction and lack of relevance to economic reality. Economists are calling for a better reflection of the reality of imperfect information, the role of banks and credit markets, the mechanisms of economic growth, the role of institutions and the possibility that markets may not clear. While it is one thing to find flaws in current mainstream economics, it is another to offer an alternative paradigm which, can explain as much as the old, but can also account for the many 'anomalies'. That is what this book attempts. Since one of the biggest empirical challenges to the 'old' paradigm has been raised by the second largest economy in the world - Japan - this book puts the proposed 'new paradigm' to the severe test of the Japanese macroeconomic reality.
Download or read book Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs 2012 An OECD Scoreboard written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book establishes a comprehensive international framework for monitoring SMEs’ and entrepreneurs’ access to finance over time.
Download or read book EIB Investment Report 2020 2021 written by European Investment Bank and published by European Investment Bank. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Europe Union's massive efforts to rebuild after the coronavirus pandemic present a unique opportunity to transform its economy, making it more green and digital – and ultimately more competitive. The Investment Report 2020-2021 looks at the toll the pandemic took on European firms' investment and future plans, as well as their efforts to meet the demands of climate change and the digital revolution. The report's analysis is based on a unique set of databases and data from a survey of 12 500 firms conducted in the summer of 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 crisis. While providing a snapshot of the heavy toll the pandemic took on some forms of investment, the report also offers hope by pointing out the economic areas in which Europe remains strong, such as technologies that combine green and digital innovation.
Download or read book Global Financial Development Report 2015 2016 written by The World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Financial Development Report 2015/2016 focuses on the ability of financial systems to sustainably extend the maturity of financial contracts for private agents. The challenges of extending the maturity structure of finance are often considered to be at the core of effective, sustainable financial development. Sustainably extending long-term finance may contribute to the objectives of higher growth and welfare, shared prosperity and stability in two ways: by reducing rollover risks for borrowers, thereby lengthening the horizon of investments; and by increasing the availability of long-term financial instruments, thereby allowing households to address their lifecycle challenges. The aim of the report is to contribute to the global policy debate on long-term finance. It builds upon findings from recent and ongoing research, lessons from operational work, as well as on inputs from financial sector professionals and researchers both within and outside the World Bank Group. Benefitting from new worldwide datasets and information on financial development, it will provide a broad and balanced review of the evidence and distill pragmatic lessons on long-term finance and related policies. This report, the third in the Global Financial Development Report series, follows the second issue on Financial Inclusion and the inaugural issue, Rethinking the Role of the State in Finance. The Global Financial Development Report 2015/2016 will be accompanied by a website worldbank.org/financialdevelopment containing extensive datasets, research papers, and other background materials as well as interactive features.
Download or read book Understanding the Use of Long term Finance in Developing Economies written by Mr.Maria Soledad Martinez Peria and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-04-26 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This short paper reviews recent literature on the use of long-term finance in developing economies (relative to advanced ones) to identify where long-term financing occurs, and what role different financial intermediaries and markets play in extending this type of financing. Although banks are the most important providers of credit, they do not seem to offer long-term financing. Capital markets have grown since the 1990s and can provide financing at fairly long terms. But few firms use these markets. Only some institutional investors provide funding at long-term maturities. Governments might help to expand long-term financing, although with limited policy tools.
Download or read book Emerging Capital Markets and Globalization written by Augusto de la Torre and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-10-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Back in the early 1990s, economists and policy makers had high expectations about the prospects for domestic capital market development in emerging economies, particularly in Latin America. Unfortunately, they are now faced with disheartening results. Stock and bond markets remain illiquid and segmented. Debt is concentrated at the short end of the maturity spectrum and denominated in foreign currency, exposing countries to maturity and currency risk. Capital markets in Latin America look particularly underdeveloped when considering the many efforts undertaken to improve the macroeconomic environment and to reform the institutions believed to foster capital market development. The disappointing performance has made conventional policy recommendations questionable, at best. 'Emerging Capital Markets and Globalization' analyzes where we stand and where we are heading on capital market development. First, it takes stock of the state and evolution of Latin American capital markets and related reforms over time and relative to other countries. Second, it analyzes the factors related to the development of capital markets, with particular interest on measuring the impact of reforms. And third, in light of this analysis, it discusses the prospects for capital market development in Latin America and emerging economies and the implications for the reform agenda.
Download or read book Managing Elevated Risk written by Iwan J. Azis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the risks and opportunities that arise in Emerging Asia given the context of a new environment in global liquidity and capital flows. It elaborates on the need to ensure financial and overall economic stability in the region through improved financial regulation and other policy measures to minimize the emergent risks. "Managing Elevated Risk: Global Liquidity, Capital Flows, and Macroprudential Policy—An Asian Perspective" also explores the range of policy options that may be deployed to address the impact of global liquidity on domestic financial and socio-economic conditions including income inequality. The book is primarily aimed at policy makers, financial market regulators and supervisory agencies to help them improve national regulatory systems and to promote harmonization of national regulations and practices in line with global standards. Scholars and researchers will also gain important information and knowledge about the overall impacts of changing global liquidity from the book.
Download or read book Entrepreneurial Borrowing written by Stuart Fraser and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entrepreneurial Borrowing: Do Entrepreneurs Seek and Receive Enough Credit? reviews the extant literature on entrepreneurial borrowing and provides insights into some of the key concepts and findings in the literature. The term 'entrepreneurial borrowing' is used as shorthand for 'borrowing by Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)'. The emphasis on the term 'borrowing' as opposed to 'lending' indicates there is a particular interest in exploring issues related to the demand for credit. In this respect, issues of entrepreneurial cognition and cognitive biases, along with related insights from the behavioral finance literature, receive due attention insofar as they may affect entrepreneurs' borrowing decisions. Finally, one cannot review this literature without examining the other (supply) side of the equation (that is, 'banks' and 'lending' to SMEs).
