Download or read book Exhaust Plume Effects of Small Thrusters on Spacecraft Surfaces written by H. Trinks and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hall Thruster Plume Effects and Sputtering of Spacecraft Surfaces written by S. H. Hu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contamination Control and Plume Assessment of Low Energy Thrusters written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potential contamination of a spacecraft cryogenic surface by a xenon (Xe) ion generator was evaluated. The analysis involves the description of the plume exhausted from the generator with its relative component fluxes on the spacecraft surfaces, and verification of the conditions for condensation, adsorption, and sputtering at those locations. The data describing the plume fluxes and their effects on surfaces were obtained from two sources: the tests carried out with the Xe generator in a small vacuum chamber to indicate deposits and sputter on monitor slides; and the extensive tests with a mercury (Hg) ion thruster in a large vacuum chamber. The Hg thruster tests provided data on the neutrals, on low-energy ion fluxes, on high-energy ion fluxes, and on sputtered materials at several locations within the plume. Scialdone, John J. Goddard Space Flight Center NASA-TM-104585, 93E01024, NAS 1.15:104585 ...
Download or read book Minimization of Thruster Plume Effects on Spacecraft Surfaces written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past several years, Advatech Pacific has been maintaining and enhancing the COLISEUM plume simulation environment under the direction of AFRL/PRSS. COLISEUM is a software environment used to model the propagation of a plasma plume and its interactions with solid surfaces (including both sputtering and re-deposition). A recent addition to the capabilities of COLISEUM is its integration with ModelCenter, the optimization and integration framework developed by Phoenix Integration. With the help of ModelCenter, the thrust directions of four Hall Effect Thrusters (HETs) for a representative satellite geometry are optimized such that the overall sputtering on the solar panels is minimized, subject to performance constraints on the overall thrust and torque. The satellite is assumed to be in a geosynchronous orbit, with the solar panels always facing the sun. Different positions in the satellite's orbit are considered, as is a case where one thruster is disabled. All cases considered showed smooth convergence behavior, and sputtering on the solar panels could be reduced significantly while meeting all performance constraints.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion written by Dan M. Goebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. Now, the future has arrived. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and Hall thrusters. The authors provide an introduction to plasma physics in order to allow readers to understand the models and derivations used in determining electric thruster performance. They then go on to present detailed explanations of: Thruster principles Ion thruster plasma generators and accelerator grids Hollow cathodes Hall thrusters Ion and Hall thruster plumes Flight ion and Hall thrusters Based largely on research and development performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the aerospace industry. It also serves as an equally valuable resource for professional engineers already at work in the field.
Download or read book Contamination Study of a Micro Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by Ceylan Kesenek and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrazine and Its Derivatives written by Eckart Walter Schmidt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-08-24 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of the authoritative source on hydrazine chemistry In the past century, hydrazine, an important intermediate in the synthesis of countless chemicals with N-N bonds, has grown into a major industrial commodity with a wide range of uses. It is used as a fuel in rocket propulsion, as a boiler feedwater deoxygenating agent, and in the manufacture of foamed plastics, pharmaceuticals, and biodegradable pesticides and herbicides, to name just a few uses. Since the first edition of Hydrazine and Its Derivatives: Preparation, Properties, Applications was published in 1984, there has been considerable development in this field and many new aspects of hydrazine chemistry and applications have evolved. Offering an overview of hydrazines and their industrial applications, this book also provides a compilation of numerous references to the scientific and technical literature arranged in a systematic manner, allowing the reader to find the necessary information by accessing the pages either from the table of contents or the alphabetical subject index. Some other features of the significantly enlarged Second Edition include: Frequent "see also" cross-references/links to other relevant sections of the bookOver 8,400 references, most of which cover the period from 1980 to 1998 Extremely thorough, encyclopedia-style coverage of topics Information to aid in the design of environmentally benign, biodegradable pesticides and more energetic rocket propellants Background information on the adverse effects of pesticide residue in food Hydrazine and Its Derivatives: Preparation, Properties, Applications, Second Edition is the most comprehensive book ever published on hydrazines, and this new edition is indispensable reading material for chemists, toxicologists, environmentalists, propulsion engineers, materials engineers, and satellite builders.
Download or read book Summary of Experiments Performed to Investigate the Effects of Ion Thruster Plumes on Microwave Propagation written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric propulsion systems have now reached a level of maturity where they are being used on operational spacecraft. One concern for the designers however, is the effect of the ion exhaust plumes produced by the systems, on microwave communication with the spacecraft. To better understand these effects, a number of propagation experiments were performed at the NASA Glenn Research Center with an operating ion thruster. This report describes the experiments and presents the results of the data obtained. Lambert, Kevin M. and Zaman, Afroz J. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-1999-209276, E-11732, NAS 1.15:209276
Download or read book Effects of Thruster Firings on the Shuttle Environment 1 written by Donald Edward Hunton and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changes in the neutral gas composition surrounding the Space Shuttle caused by the Shuttle's Vernier Reaction Control System (VRCS) and Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) rocket engines were measured with a quadrupole mass spectrometer aboard STS-4. There are substantial differences between the measured composition changes in the payload bay and the calculated composition of the thruster exhaust plumes. These differences can be explained by kinematic effects that occur as the exhaust products collide with surfaces and other gas phase species in the Shuttle environment. Hydrogen, because of its light mass, is enriched in the return flux to the spacecraft, and tends to permeate the Shuttle environment during thruster firings more easily than heavier species. The effect of the thruster firings on the mass spectrometer also depended on the attitude of the instrument with respect to the velocity vector. When the mass spectrometer was pointed into the velocity vector, decreases in atomic oxygen concentration were detected during the engine firings.
Download or read book AIAA 87 1600 AIAA 87 1651 with omissions in numbering written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monopropellant Thruster Exhaust Plume Contamination Measurements written by R. K. Baerwald and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential spacecraft contaminants in the exhaust plume of a 0. 89N (0.2 lbf) monopropellant hydrazine thruster were measured in an ultrahigh vacuum molecular sink facility. The engine plume was directed toward five quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) located at angles of approximately 0, + or - 15, and + or - 30 degrees with respect to the nozzle centerline. The crystal temperatures were controlled such that the mass adhering to the crystal surface at temperatures of from 106 K to 256 K degrees could be measured. Thruster duty cycles of 25 ms on/5 seconds off, 100 ms on/10 seconds off, and 200 ms on/20 seconds off were investigated. The change in contaminant production with thruster life was assessed by subjecting the thruster to a 100,000 pulse aging sequence and comparing the before and after contaminant deposition rates. The predominant contaminant at a surface temperature of 106 degrees K was postulated to be ammonia, while water and undecomposed hydrazine probably represent the primary constituents remaining on a surface at 144 degrees K. The deposits on higher temperature surfaces were much more difficult to characterize, but small amounts of water and hydrazine, which subsequently revaporize, hydrazine compounds, and aniline or aniline-derived hydrocarbons are likely candidates. Duty cycle appeared to have little effect on contaminant production except as the duty cycle influenced the average propellant flowrate. A decrease in the contaminants measured by the 144 degrees K surface and an increase in deposits on the 172 K and 200 degrees K surfaces were noted as the thruster was aged.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion written by Dan M. Goebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-11-30 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion Understand the fundamental basis of spaceflight with this cutting-edge guide As spacecraft engineering continues to advance, so too do the propulsion methods by which human beings can seek out the stars. Ion thrusters and Hall thrusters have been the subject of considerable innovation in recent years, and spacecraft propulsion has never been more efficient. For professionals within and adjacent to spacecraft engineering, this is critical knowledge that can alter the future of space flight. Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion offers a thorough grounding in electric propulsion for spacecraft, particularly the features and mechanisms underlying Ion and Hall thrusters. Updated in the light of rapidly expanding knowledge, the second edition of this essential guide detailed coverage of thruster principles, plasma physics, and more. It reflects the historic output of the legendary Jet Propulsion Laboratory and promises to continue as a must-own volume for spacecraft engineering professionals. Readers of the second edition of Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion readers will also find: Extensive updates to chapters covering hollow cathodes and Hall thrusters, based on vigorous recent research New sections covering magnetic shielding, cathode plume instabilities, and more Figures and homework problems in each chapter to facilitate learning and retention Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion is an essential work for spacecraft engineers and researchers working in spacecraft propulsion and related fields, as well as graduate students in electric propulsion, aerospace science, and space science courses.
Download or read book Effects of Thruster Firings on the Shuttle Environment written by Donald Edward Hunton and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changes in the neutral gas composition surrounding the Space Shuttle caused by the Shuttle's Vernier Reaction Control System (VRCS) and Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) rocket engines were measured with a quadrupole mass spectrometer aboard STS-4. There are substantial differences between the measured composition changes in the payload bay and the calculated composition of the thruster exhaust plumes. These differences can be explained by kinematic effects that occur as the exhaust products collide with surfaces and other gas phase species in the Shuttle environment. Hydrogen, because of its light mass, is enriched in the return flux to the spacecraft, and tends to permeate the Shuttle environment during thruster firings more easily than heavier species. The effect of the thruster firings on the mass spectrometer also depended on the attitude of the instrument with respect to the velocity vector. When the mass spectrometer was pointed into the velocity vector, decreases in atomic oxygen concentration were detected during the engine firings.
Download or read book Rocket Propulsion Elements written by George P. Sutton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ROCKET PROPULSION ELEMENTS THE DEFINITIVE INTRODUCTION TO ROCKET PROPULSION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS The recent upsurge in global government and private spending and in space flight events has resulted in many novel applications of rocket propulsion technology. Rocket Propulsion Elements remains the definitive guide to the field, providing a comprehensive introduction to essential concepts and applications. Led by industry veteran George P. Sutton and by Professor Oscar Biblarz, this book provides interdisciplinary coverage including thermodynamics, aerodynamics, flight performance, propellant chemistry and more. This thoroughly revised ninth edition includes discussion and analysis of recent advances in the field, representing an authoritative reference for students and working engineers alike. In any engineering field, theory is only as useful as it is practical; this book emphasizes relevant real-world applications of fundamental concepts to link “thinking” and “doing”. This book will help readers: Understand the physics of flight and the chemistry of propulsion Analyze liquid, solid, gas, and hybrid propellants, and the engines they fuel Consider high-temperature combustion, stability, and the principles of electric and chemical propulsion Dissect the workings of systems in common use around the world today Delve into the latest advances in materials, systems, propellants, and more Broad in scope, rich in detail, and clear in explanation, this seminal work provides an unparalleled foundation in aerospace engineering topics. Learning through the lens of modern applications untangles complex topics and helps students fully grasp the intricacies on a more intuitive level. Rocket Propulsion Elements, Ninth Edition merges information and utility building a solid foundation for innovation.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Contamination Control written by Alan C. Tribble and published by SPIE Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Tutorial Text provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject of contamination control, with specific applications to the aerospace industry. The author draws upon his many years as a practicing contamination control engineer, researcher, and teacher. The book examines methods to quantify the cleanliness level required by various contamination-sensitive surfaces and to predict the end-of-life contamination level for those surfaces, and it identifies contamination control techniques required to ensure mission success.
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
