Download or read book Examining the Associations Between Depressive Symptoms Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Self efficacy in African American Mother child Dyads written by Y'Esha Vonyae Williams and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were estimated to determine associations between variables that were sampled from underlying normal distributions. Spearman correlation coefficients were estimated to assess correlates of maternal BMI because data from this variable did not reflect sampling from a normal distribution. Results indicated positive correlations between children's depressive symptoms and their BMI Z-scores and their mothers' depressive symptoms. More depressive symptoms in children were related to having a higher BMI Z-score and a mother with more depressive symptoms. Results also indicated important correlations for the children's physical activity self-efficacy with their depressive symptoms, their BMI Z-scores, and maternal depressive symptoms. Although several associations were found between the children's physical activity self-efficacy and their depressive symptoms, BMI Z-scores, and maternal depressive symptoms, researchers should cautiously rely on self-reports of physical activity self-efficacy from younger children given that some children had difficulty understanding the self-efficacy measure. Findings suggest that the associations between depressive symptoms, BMI, and physical activity self-efficacy in African American mother-child dyads merit additional examination as such research studies may inform future approaches to prevent and treat obesity and depression in this population.

Download or read book Examination of Behavioral Determinants in the Association Between Depression and Obesity written by Taline Marcarian and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Obesity and depressive symptoms are major public health problems, as, epidemiological studies suggest that depressive symptoms are linked to obesity. However, potential behavioral pathways linking depressive symptoms to obesity have not well examined. Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to assess behavioral factors as potential mediators between depressive symptoms and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Other objectives included: 1) examining the direct effects of depressive symptoms on BMI and WC and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors: 2) and examining the moderating effects of perceived social support on the association of depressive symptoms and BMI. Methods: Data on U.S. adults with a mean age of 40 from the CARDIA study was used in multivariate regression analyses models to test the association between depressive symptoms and BMI and other CVD risk factors. Path analysis using EQS was used to test the behaviors as mediators in the association of depressive symptoms and BMI and WC. Measures included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scores, frequency of fast food consumption per week, physical activity score, sleep quality and objective measures of BMI and WC. Results: Depressive symptom scores were positively associated with BMI, WC, triglycerides and fasting blood glucose and negatively associated with HDL levels in the whole cohort. Perceived social support did not moderate the association between depressive symptoms and BMI. However, after subgroup analyses, the association between depressive symptoms and WC remained stronger in females as compared to males. Mediation analyses showed that physical activity was the only significant mediator that linked depressive symptoms to BMI and WC in the entire cohort. Conclusion: Physical activity might be a potential pathway factor linking depressive symptoms to BMI and WC. Obesity prevention strategies should take these results into consideration and create innovative interventions to increase physical activity in individuals with higher levels of depressive symptoms with specific attention directed to females. Future studies are still needed to comprehensively examine the combination of mechanisms that link depressive symptoms to BMI and WC.

Download or read book Does Change in Physical Activity Predict Mental Health Outcomes in Pre Adolescent African American Girls written by Sarah A. Burkart and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric obesity is a significant clinical and public health issue for African American girls in which low physical activity (PA) is a contributor. The mother-daughter relationship (MDR) has rarely been examined in the context of improving health behaviors such as PA and mental health outcomes (MHO) within this population. PURPOSE: To examine if change in PA following a 12-week culturally-tailored mother-daughter PA intervention predicts change in MHO variables (self-esteem, depressive symptoms, body image dissatisfaction) and MDR in pre-adolescent African American girls. METHODS: Mothers (n=27; age=36.0±17.0 years; body mass index (BMI)=34.0±7.4 kg/m2) and daughters (n=27; age=9.0±1.4 years; BMI=20.3±5.7 kg/m2, BMI percentile=73%) randomized to the mother-daughter dance group were examined in this analysis. Physical activity levels were assessed with Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers for seven days and validated questionnaires. Mental health outcome variables and MDR were assessed using validated questionnaires. Spearman correlations were used to examine associations between variables. MANOVA was used to assess differences in PA levels across three time points. Paired t-tests and ANOVA were used for MHO variables and MDR across two and three time points, respectively. Simple regression was used to assess if PA self-efficacy and MDR mediated changes in PA. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) assessed if changes in PA variables predicted changes in MHO variables. RESULTS: Several significant correlations were observed at baseline and post-intervention such as the negative relationships between daughters' light PA (% time) and depressive symptoms as well as a daughters' BMI percentile and body image dissatisfaction. Significant reduction was observed in daughters' self-reported PA (p=0.04) pre- to post-intervention. No other significant changes were observed. Change in PA did not predict change in MHO variables, but there was a negative effect of average BMI percentile on self-esteem (p=0.017) and body image dissatisfaction (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: In this sample of pre-adolescent African American girls, change in objectively measured PA did not predict change in MHO. The lack of significant findings could be attributed to low attendance of the intervention. Future studies should examine these relationships in a larger sample and explore the use of technology to combat low attendance.

Download or read book Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Depression Symptoms written by Sara Dover and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Previous studies examining the relationship between depression and physical activity have been epidemiological in nature and have measured physical activity subjectively. The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between objectively measured physical activity and depressive symptoms. Methods: The study sample included 24 sedentary obese participants (3 male, 21 female) with elevated waist circumference and one additional cardiovascular risk factor. To assess depression, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Average steps/day were measured over the course of 7-consecutive days using a Lifecorder Plus pedometer (Lees Summit, Missouri). Pearson correlations were performed to evaluate the association between average steps/day and depression. Results: The study sample had a mean (SD) body mass index of 34.7 (± 4.2 kg/m2), a mean steps/day of 5310.6 (± 2041.3 steps/day), and a mean PHQ-9 score of 3.0 (± 2.6). Average step counts were not significantly associated with PHQ (r=0.17, p=0.44). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that there is no association between objectively determined step counts and depression. The present analysis may be limited by a constrained range of physical activity levels and depression scores, and the small sample size.

Download or read book Health Risk Reduction Among African American Females written by Debra Hamada and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Associations Among African American Parent Education Perceptions Behaviors and Child Weight Status written by Tracey Marie Barnett and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Obesity in children and adolescents is a worldwide epidemic that is anticipated to worsen over time (Budd & Volpe, 2006; Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005; Hossain, Kawar, & El Nahas, 2007). Within the past 30 years, the prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has more than doubled among children and quadrupled in adolescents (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). People often have inaccurate perceptions of their body size and weight status and this may play a key role in the prevalence of obesity especially for ethnic minorities (Gillard, Lackland, Mountfored, & Egan, 2007; Hendley, et al., 2011). In order to combat child obesity, it is imperative for future research to explore the phenomenon of parent education, behaviors, perceptions and the impact on child weight status within a strong theoretical conceptual model. The purpose of this dissertation is to build a theoretical conceptual model and testable model to understand the associations among African American parent education, behaviors, and perceptions of their child's body size and the impact on their child's weight status. Methods: The School Physical Activity and Nutrition survey (SPAN) was developed using a repeated cross-sectional study design to estimate changes in body mass index (BMI) by three major racial/ethnic groups (African Americans, Hispanics, and whites/others) in Texas public school children (Hoelscher, Day, Lee, Frankowski, Kelder, Ward & Scheurer, 2003). For this study, only African American 4th grade students (n=372) and their parents (n=372) will be used. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple regression, moderation, and mediation analysis. Results: Findings suggest that a parent's level of education had a direct impact on health knowledge and discrimination. Parent perceptions of their child's body size was directly associated with child weight status, but parent weight status moderated this relation. The number of children living in the home had a direct impact socioeconomic status (SES), SES had a direct impact on stress, and stress had a direct impact on parenting rules and discipline. The more physical activity parents did with their children, the lower their child's weight status, however, parent weight status mediated this relation. Lastly, as the consumption of more healthy foods increased, so did the child's weight status. Implications: The findings of this study offer a comprehensive picture of how parent education, perceptions and behaviors impact child weight status. These results highlight suggested areas that may be used by social work practitioners, researchers, and policy makers when working African American parents and their children. This study also suggests a final robust theoretical conceptual model of theory and evidence-based literature to guide future research.

Download or read book Affective Traits and Adiposity written by Misty Anne Hawkins and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research indicates that negative affective traits (e.g., depression) are predictors and consequences of excess adiposity. Given that racial minorities and positive affective traits have been underrepresented in past investigations, more prospective studies are needed which examine multiple affective traits in relation to obesity in these populations. The objective of the current study was to investigate the prospective, bidirectional associations between multiple affective traits and multiple adiposity indicators in African Americans using data from the African American Health (AAH) study. The AAH study is a prospective cohort study of African Americans aged 49-65 years at baseline (N = 998). The longest follow-up period in the current study was 9 years (N = 579). Self-reported and measured body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) and body fat percent (BF%) were used as adiposity indicators. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), and anxiety was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) scale. Positive affective traits were assessed with the Vitality subscale of the Short Form-36 and Positive Affect subscale from the CES-D. Latent variable path analysis, a structural equation modeling technique, was conducted. Although fit statistics indicated that the models fit the data (RMSEA .06), examination of the structural paths revealed that the CES-D and GAD-2 were not predictors or consequences of self-reported BMI, measured BMI, or BF% (ps .05). Likewise, Vitality and CES-D Positive Affect were not related to any adiposity indicator (ps> .05). The results of this prospective cohort study suggest that affective traits are not predictors or consequences of adiposity in middle-aged African Americans and that this group may require obesity prevention or intervention programs with little to no emphasis on affective traits. Possible explanations for the current results include ethnic differences in the mechanistic pathways between affective traits and adiposity.

Download or read book Environmental Social and Relational Factors that Influence the Health and Physical Activity Participation of Christian African American Mother daughter Dyads written by Jevonne Bradley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a major health risk factor in the United States (US) and African American women are the least active segment of the US society. African American women's choices to be active or inactive can be well understood by carefully examining the meaning they ascribe to physical activity and health. The primary purpose of the proposed study was to describe and explain environmental, relational, and social factors that influence the health and physical activity participation of Christian African American mother-daughter dyads. The secondary purpose of this study was to use constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory to explain the personal, social and environmental determinants of physical activity among Christian African American mother-daughter dyads and to investigate how networking within the church can provide a venue for African American mother-daughter dyads to experience physical activity. The research paradigm was qualitative situated in Social Cognitive Theory. The purposefully sampled participants were Christian African American mother-daughter dyads. This population was chosen because a large segment of African American women attend churches in southern Illinois and the church is a cornerstone institution to convey information for African American women. The study was comprised of 35 participants who ranged in ages from 15 to 68 years-old. These participants represented a combination of African American mother-daughter dyads. The mean age of the mothers was 49.7 and their age range was 32-68, SD = 11.2. The mean age of the daughters was 23.5 and their age range was 15-34, SD =6.37. Data resources included focus group discussions and interviews guided by Social Cognitive Theory. Several themes emerged from the data associated with the participants' health and physical activity experiences. These themes included health as a motivator to participate in physical activity, body image, social support, and barriers influencing participation in physical activity. Outcomes from the study were examines to assist in planning physical activity programs. These physical activity programs were designed to promote health education, increase the quality and years of life, and address health disparities.

Download or read book Examining the Mediating Effects of Self regulation Skills for Exercise and Exercise Self efficacy on the Relationship Between BMI and Physical Activity Among Adolescents Residing in Appalachia written by Devin J. Laurent and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the high prevalence of obesity with low rates of physical activity among Appalachian adolescents, it is critical to understand the factors that are associated with promoting healthy lifestyle change. Behavioral researchers have been continuously examining factors that directly influence physical activity behavior among adolescents. However, the relationship between physical activity, BMI, and self-regulation skills is not fully understood among adolescents at high risk of obesity. The purpose of this study is to determine if self-regulation skills for exercise and exercise self-efficacy mediate the association between BMI percentile and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at baseline among a sample of 9th and 10th-grade Appalachian adolescent boys and girls. This study was a secondary analysis that examined pre-existing baseline data from high school adolescents participating in a behavioral intervention from an NIH funded group-randomized controlled trial. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire to measure how well they use self-regulation strategies to influence their physical activity. The self-regulation subscales measured include self-monitoring, goal setting, social support, self-reward, time management, and overcoming barriers. Free-living physical activity was measured using the wGT3X-BT Actigraph accelerometer over a 7-consecutive day period. BMI percentile was calculated using measures of height and weight and referenced by the CDC age-and-sex-specific growth chart. The bootstrap resampling method was used to examine mediating effects between the variables of interest. At baseline, the sample of 9th and 10th grade adolescents report low rates of use of self-regulation strategies (mean = 2.17 – 2.74). Among Appalachian adolescents, BMI percentile was not significant to daily MVPA at baseline. Additionally, none of the self-regulation skills or exercise self-efficacy mediated the relationship between BMI percentile and daily MVPA among 9th and 10th-grade Appalachian adolescents. In general, there was no mediation detected due to the nonsignificant relationship between BMI percentile and the self-regulation skills or exercise self-efficacy. The results of this study provide a descriptive analysis of self-regulatory skills and MVPA before participation in a G-RCT behavioral intervention. While no mediating effects were determined, more research is needed to examine other health markers of obesity that affect self-regulatory skills to further understand the impact on physical activity behavior.

Download or read book On the Genetic and Environmental Associations Between Body Composition Depression Symptoms and Smoking Behavior written by Roseann Elizabeth Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity is a serious public health crisis and recent estimates of its incidence are the highest in United States history, with 35% and 17% of American adults and children affected, respectively. The clinical definition of adult obesity is operationalized as a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2. Although the prevalence of common obesity has increased dramatically over the past 30 years largely thought to be due to changes in the environment, such as high calorie diets and sedentary lifestyles twin and family studies have shown consistently that relative body weight is under considerable genetic influence in both children and adults, with heritability estimates ranging from 40% to 90%. Elucidating the genetic and environmental liability to relative body weight is an important public health endeavor. To further our understanding of the genetics of BMI and common complex obesity, several studies are described that integrate clinical, twin, and genome-wide association (GWAS) methodology in the context of genetic risk scores, clinical risk prediction, development across adolescence into adulthood, and comorbidity with depression symptoms and smoking behavior. First, in two cross-sectional genetic association studies, the utility of genetic risk sum scores (GRSS) were assessed, which summarize the total number of risk alleles, as an alternative form of replication and for potential clinical utility for obesity risk prediction. Next, since there has been only limited research on when during development BMI-associated variants begin influencing BMI, a longitudinal twin study was utilized to assess the effects of adult-validated BMI-SNPs across adolescence into adulthood. In addition, obesity is comorbid with numerous medical conditions including cardiovascular disease, insulin-resistance and some forms of cancer, as well as, various psychiatric disorders including eating disorders, mood disorders, and substance use. The next series of studies aimed to understand phenotypic and genetic associations between BMI/obesity and binge eating disorder (BED), depression symptoms and smoking behavior. Using a clinical sample of overweight and obese women with and without BED, the relationship of BED, food intake and internalizing symptoms of depression and anxiety was examined. Next, twin study methodology was used to investigate if shared genetic and/or environmental liability was responsible for phenotypic associations found between BMI, depression symptoms, and impulsivity. Finally, a genetic association study aimed at investigating whether genetic variants were associated with multiple behaviors, body composition and smoking behavior, or were trait-specific is presented. By utilizing several samples and methodologies and by pursuing methods development, a comprehensive approach is presented that is hoped to represent a more powerful evidence-based strategy to understanding the genetic and environmental determinants of BMI and common complex obesity, along with associated depression symptoms and smoking behavior.

Download or read book Obese Adolescents written by Christie Mariam Kavossi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research shows that the association between depression and obesity may be strongest among the most obese individuals. Appearance is a central evaluative dimension for females in Western culture, therefore body dissatisfaction can contribute directly to depression. Adolescents and females are at greater risk for self-esteem problems because body image is an important component of their self-esteem. The present study will add to the existing literature on adolescent obesity by examining the associations between family functioning, self-esteem levels, and depression in a self-selected sample of female adolescents who attended a weight-loss program. More specifically, this study will investigate how high and low levels of self-esteem and family functioning affect depression levels. Reasons for such an investigation are to increase the awareness of the effects and causes of depression levels among obese children and adolescents. A total of 45 obese adolescents with a mean age of 13.32 years participated in the initial evaluations (baseline measures). Fifty-three percent of the participants were Caucasian, 22% were Hispanic, 20% were African American, and 4% were multi-racial. The mean BMI was 34.04 kg, and ranged from 25.80 to 56.17. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine a relationship between body image and depressive symptoms and between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. The analysis produced a significant relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms, t(39) = -7.20, p .001 and between body image and depressive symptoms, t(39) = 2.52, p

Download or read book Examining the moderating role of demographic factors and depressive symptoms in direct and indirect associations between the objective and perceived neighborhood environment and physical activity in three U S populations written by Stephanie L. Orstad and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Community based Exercise Program Attendance and Exercise Self efficacy in African American Women written by Kisha Marie Virgil and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rates of chronic disease and physical inactivity are disproportionately high among African American women. Despite the known benefits of physical activity and an increasing number of programs designed to increase activity, attendance rates to many exercise programs remain low. There is much to learn about program types, such as healthy lifestyle programs (HLP); individual factors, such as self-efficacy; and mediating variables that may influence exercise program attendance. An observational study design was used to compare exercise self-efficacy and attendance in a community-based exercise program in African American women who were enrolled in a HLP (N = 53) to women who were not (N = 27). Exercise program attendance was gathered across six months; demographics, self-efficacy and physical activity behaviors were assessed through surveys; and physiological variables (resting heart rate and blood pressure, height, and weight) and physical fitness (muscular strength and endurance and cardiovascular endurance) were measured at baseline. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants and groups were compared using T-tests, chi-square and non-parametric statistics. Finally, mediation analyses were conducted using multiple regression models to assess self-efficacy as a potential mediator to exercise program attendance. Women who enrolled in this study were of low income (61% having an annual income less than $20,000), obese with a mean (standard deviation) body mass index (BMI) of 37.7 (7.6), pre-hypertensive with a mean (standard deviation) systolic blood pressure of 125.9 (14.4), and scored poorly and marginally on two fitness tests. On average, women reported being Moderately Confident in their ability to exercise regularly, yet had low attendance in the exercise program with a median number .5 days over six months and there were no significant differences in exercise self-efficacy (p = .23) or attendance in the exercise program between groups (p = .79). Additionally, exercise self-efficacy was not a mediating variable to program attendance. Women in this study had little discretionary income and several chronic disease risk factors, yet exercise program attendance was low even in those enrolled in a HLP. Identifying factors that increase exercise self-efficacy and factors that influence attendance beyond self-efficacy may help future program design and attendance.

Download or read book An Investigation Into the Relationship Between Body Mass Index Propensity for Physical Activity Dietary Self efficacy Academic Achievement and Their Manifestation Between Gender and Ethnic Groups at the Middle School Level written by Stacy Leigh DeCarbo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of BMI and Self efficacy Levels on the Accuracy in Self reported Physical Activity Recall written by Brooke Graves and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to compare self-reported and objectively measured physical activity levels among college students with different body mass index (BMI) classifications (normal weight and overweight/obese), in order to determine if BMI influences physical activity recall accuracy. A secondary purpose was to examine the accuracy in physical activity recall by physical activity self-efficacy. On day one, 52 college students completed the Marlow Crowne Social Desirability Questionnaire, a moderate physical activity self-efficacy questionnaire, a vigorous physical activity self-efficacy questionnaire, and received an ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer to wear for 7 consecutive days. After wearing the accelerometer, participants completed self-report physical activity measures including the Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). They also completed a self-efficacy towards physical activity recall questionnaire. No significant difference was found between the average minutes per day spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity by normal and overweight/obese groups for the BRFSS, IPAQ and ActiGraph GT1M. Also, recall accuracy was similar between the normal weight and overweight/obese participants on the BRFSS and IPAQ questionnaires. No significant relationship was found between moderate physical activity self-efficacy and recall accuracy on either the IPAQ or BRFSS. However, vigorous physical activity self-efficacy was positively related to recall accuracy on both the IPAQ and BRFSS. These results suggest that BMI does not affect either the amount of physical activity completed or recall accuracy in college students. In contrast, vigorous physical activity self-efficacy influences recall accuracy of vigorous physical activity.

Download or read book The Influence of Perceptions and Experiences of Racial Discrimination on Body Mass Index Among the Black Women s Health Study Cohort written by Dana-Marie Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) and building on what is currently known about perceptions of racism and discrimination and its mechanisms, this study attempts to demonstrate the value of identifying additional variables that may serve as potential risk factors for obesity among African American women. Using secondary data analysis, the purpose of this study was to expand the scope of existing obesity research by examining a 1997 cross-sectional dataset of self-reported questionnaire responses among a random sample of African American women enrolled in the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) to examine the association between perceptions of racism and discrimination within 3 domains (e.g., perceived racism, institutional racism, race consciousness) and body mass index (BMI) after controlling for selected sociodemographic, psychological, behavioral, and reproductive factors. The general hypothesis of the study was that self-reported responses to perceptions and experiences of racism and discrimination would be significantly associated with differences in weight (as measured by BMI) among the sample utilized for the current study. A convenience sample of 5,044 African American women enrolled in the BWHS was included for analysis in this non-probability cross-sectional study. A biopsychosocial theoretical framework was used to understand the unique role of perceived racism, institutional racism and race consciousness had on body mass index (BMI) among the BWHS cohort. These factors were examined because of their relevance to African American females' experiences. The data were analyzed through hierarchical multiple and logistic regression through SPSS 14.0. The major findings of this research indicate that a large random sample of African American women enrolled in the Black Women's Health Study found a clear relationship between perceived racism and body mass index (BMI). Results revealed consistent with the study's main hypothesis that self-reported responses to perceptions and experiences of racial discrimination would be significantly associated with differences in weight (as measured by BMI), the summary variable for perceived racism was significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) among the BWHS cohort. Elevated odds ratios were observed for the variable that summarized perceived racism. Elevated odds ratios were also observed for most of the individual perceived racism questions. Results also revealed the variable for race consciousness was a significant individual predictor of body mass index (BMI) among the sample. Notably, perceptions and experiences of racial discrimination did not predict differences in the level of obesity among the sample. Overall, the finding that the summary variable for perceived racism was predictive of the odds of being obese (BMI> 30kg/m2) vs. non-obese (BMI

Download or read book Examining the Change in Physical Activity Fitness and Self efficacy of African American Adolescent Girls Following an 8 week Intervention Cultural Moves written by Angela Farr Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: