Download or read book Evolutionary Ecology of the Monotropoideae Ericaceae written by Martin Ignacio Bidartondo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Evolution and Mycorrhizal Ecology of the Monotropoideae written by Kenneth Wayne Cullings and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seedling Ecology and Evolution written by Mary Allessio Leck and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-18 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seedlings are highly sensitive to their environment. After seeds, they typically suffer the highest mortality of any life history stage. This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the seedling stage of the plant life cycle. It considers the importance of seedlings in plant communities; environmental factors with special impact on seedlings; the morphological and physiological diversity of seedlings including mycorrhizae; the relationship of the seedling with other life stages; seedling evolution; and seedlings in human altered ecosystems, including deserts, tropical rainforests, and habitat restoration projects. The diversity of seedlings is portrayed by including specialised groups like orchids, bromeliads, and parasitic and carnivorous plants. Discussions of physiology, morphology, evolution and ecology are brought together to focus on how and why seedlings are successful. This important text sets the stage for future research and is valuable to graduate students and researchers in plant ecology, botany, agriculture and conservation.
Download or read book Evolutionary Ecology of Rare Geophytes written by Richard Przemyslaw Shefferson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mycoheterotrophy written by Vincent Merckx and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of evolution, several plant lineages have found ways to obtain water, minerals, and carbohydrates from fungi. Some plants are able exploit fungi to such an extent that they lose the need for photosynthesis. The ability of a plant to live on fungal carbon is known as mycoheterotrophy. This intriguing process has fascinated botanists for centuries, yet many aspects of mycoheterotrophy have remained elusive for a long time. Mycoheterotrophy: The Biology of Plants Living on Fungi explores the biology of mycoheterotrophs, offering general insights into their ecology, diversity, and evolution. Written by renowned experts in the field and bolstered with lavish illustrations and photographs, this volume provides a thematic overview of different aspects of mycoheterotrophy. Comprehensive and readily accessible, Mycoheterotrophy: The Biology of Plants Living on Fungi is a valuable resource for researchers and students who are interested in the process of mycoheterotrophy.
Download or read book Synecology of the Monotropoideae Within Limpy Rock Research Natural Area Umpqua National Forest Oregon written by Daniel L. Luoma and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four aspects of the ecology of members of the Monotropoideae (achiorophyllous Ericaceae, referred to here as "monotropes") are presented: (1) a clarified conceptualization of monotrope nutrition based on a detailed literature review, (2) the relationship of monotrope populations to the plant communities of Limpy Rock RNA, (3) a test of Vreeland's hypothesis concerning the influence of overstory trees on the number of Sarcodes sanguinea plants in a forest stand, (4) the population dynamics of the northernmost known occurrence of Sarcodes san guinea. A literature survey provides insight into the development of concepts concerning the nutritional mode of monotropes. The experimental evidence reviewed showed that the fungi involved have little saprobic ability but are ectomycorrhizal with autotrophic plants. Hence, the concept "epiparasite" can be used to describe an indirect relationship in the life history of monotropes. With consideration of the operational environment of monotropes, however, it can be concluded that the term "epiparasite" is not appropriately used in the context of the nutritional mode of monotropes. Members of the Monotropoideae can be viewed as parasites of their mycorrhizal fungi. Some evidence showed growth of the fungi was stimulated by the presence of monotropes. Since the term "parasite" has negative connotations in general usage, the terms 'obligate mycotroph" and "mycotrophic" may be preferred when referring to members of the Monotropoideae. "Mycotrophic" could be strictly applied to only those organisms which depend on fungi for energy; however, the term has long been used in a broad sense interchangeably with "mycorrhizal." Limpy Rock Research Natural Area is located in the south central portion of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon. The 751 ha (1879 ac.) tract encompasses most of the drainage of Dog Creek. Elevation ranges from 525 to 1305 m (1750 - 4350 ft.). The high species diversity of the Limpy Rock area and local concentration of all eight western monotrope species, provided excellent and possibly unique research opportunities. Coniferous forest vegetation was classified by TWINS PAN into six community types: Pseudotsuga menziesiilAcer circinatum (PSME/ACCI), Pseudotsuga menziesiilCornus nuttalliilBerberis nervosa (PS ME/CONU/B ENE), Pseudotsuga rnenziesii-Arbutus menziesii/Gaultheria shallon-Berberis nervosa/Pleridiurn aquilinum (PS ME-A RME/GAS H- BENE/PTAQ), Pseudotsuga menziesii-Calocedrus decurrens/Gaultheria shallo n-Berberis nervosa (PS MECADE/ GAS H-B ENE), Pseudotsuga menziesii-Calocedrus decurrens/Gauliheria shallon-Berberis nervosa (PS ME-PILA/GAS H-B ENE), Pseudotsuga menziesii- Abies concolor/Berberis nervosal Xerophyllurn tenax (PSME-ABCO/ BENE/XETE). Community types were related to several general environmental measures by detrended correspondence analysis and correlation analysis. Allotropa virgata is strongly preferential to plots at the dryer end of the moisture gradient. Monotropa hypopithys shows a preference for higher elevation and cooler types. Pterospora andromedea was not found in any plots but was noted to be widespread throughout the RNA. Hernitoines con gestwn, Monotropa uniflora, Fityopus californica, and Pleuricosporafiinbrioiata were largely restricted to dryer types. No monotropes were found in plots of the PSME/CONU/BENE or PSME-ARME/GASH-BENE/PTAQ community types. Vreeland's (1980) hypothesis concerning predicting the number of Sarcodes in a stand was reviewed and discussed. In particular, his "Influence Factor" was tested with a data base of over 2000 measurements. The results show his hypothesis to be invalid. Population monitoring of the northernmost known population of Sarcodes sanguinea showed that flowering of individual plants in subsequent years was low in frequency. Despite the low rate of flowering recurrence, population levels were relatively stable over the five years of monitoring.
Download or read book Ecology and Evolution of Plants under Domestication in the Neotropics written by Alejandro Casas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neotropical area is a main setting of the earliest experiences of domestication ofplants, and evolutionary processes guided by humans, which continue being active inthe area. Studies comprised in this Research Topic show a general panorama aboutsimilarities and particularities of processes of domestication for different plant groupsand regions, some of them illustrate how the domestication processes originated anddiffused, how landscape domestication has operated and continues being practicedand others discuss some of the main challenges for designing policies for biosafetyand conservation of plant genetic resources. It is an attempt to identify main topicsfor research on evolution under domestication, and opportunities that researcherscan find in the Neotropics to understand how and why these processes occurredin the past and present.
Download or read book RiverTime written by Mary A. Hood and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2008-03-20 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Journeys on the world’s rivers, from a naturalist’s point of view.
Download or read book Biogeography of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis written by Leho Tedersoo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a timely overview and synthesis of biogeographic patterns of plants and fungi and their mycorrhizal associations across geographic scales. Written by leading experts in the field, it provides an updated definition of mycorrhizal types and establishes the best practices of modern biogeographic analyses. Individual chapters address the basic processes and mechanisms driving community ecology, population biology and dispersal in mycorrhizal fungi, which differ greatly from these of prokaryotes, plants and animals. Other chapters review the state-of-the-art knowledge about the distribution, ecology and biogeography of all mycorrhizal types and the most important fungal groups involved in mycorrhizal symbiosis. The book argues that molecular methods have revolutionized our understanding of the ecology and biogeography of mycorrhizal symbiosis and that rapidly evolving high-throughput identification and genomics tools will provide unprecedented information about the structure and functioning of mycorrhizal symbiosis on a global scale. This volume appeals to scientists in the fields of plant and fungal ecology and biogeography.
Download or read book Mycorrhizal Symbiosis written by Sally E. Smith and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The roots of most plants are colonized by symbiotic fungi to form mycorrhiza, which play a critical role in the capture of nutrients from the soil and therefore in plant nutrition. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis is recognized as the definitive work in this area. Since the last edition was published there have been major advances in the field, particularly in the area of molecular biology, and the new edition has been fully revised and updated to incorporate these exciting new developments. Over 50% new material Includes expanded color plate section Covers all aspects of mycorrhiza Presents new taxonomy Discusses the impact of proteomics and genomics on research in this area
Download or read book Flowering Plants written by Armen Takhtajan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-06 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Armen Takhtajan is among the greatest authorities in the world on the evolution of plants. This book culminates almost sixty years of the scientist's research of the origin and classification of the flowering plants. It presents a continuation of Dr. Takhtajan’s earlier publications including “Systema Magnoliophytorum” (1987), (in Russian), and “Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants” (1997), (in English). In his latest book, the author presents a concise and significantly revised system of plant classification (‘Takhtajan system’) based on the most recent studies in plant morphology, embryology, phytochemistry, cytology, molecular biology and palynology. Flowering plants are divided into two classes: class Magnoliopsida (or Dicotyledons) includes 8 subclasses, 126 orders, c. 440 families, almost 10,500 genera, and no less than 195,000 species; and class Liliopsida (or Monocotyledons) includes 4 subclasses, 31 orders, 120 families, more than 3,000 genera, and about 65,000 species.This book contains a detailed description of plant orders, and descriptive keys to plant families providing characteristic features of the families and their differences.
Download or read book Biocomplexity of Plant Fungal Interactions written by Darlene Southworth and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-03 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants interact with a wide variety of organisms in their natural growing environments. Key amongst these relationships is the interplay between plants and diverse fungal species that impact plants in complex symbiotic, parasitic and pathogenic ways. Biocomplexity of Plant-Fungal Interactions explores a broad spectrum of research looking at both positive and negative interactions of these relationships on plants and their ecosystems. Biocomplexity of Plant-Fungal Interactions takes a more holistic view of the plant-fungal interactions than most traditional volumes on the topic. Focusing on the truly complex biological interplay among plants and fungi, as well as other organisms—mammals, insects, bacteria, viruses, this book provides a unique perspective on this fundamentally important relationship. Chapters are written from molecular, evolutionary and ecological perspectives to provide readers with a full understanding of the diverse implications of plant-fungal interactions. Written by a global team of experts from varied scientific backgrounds, Biocomplexity of Plant-Fungal Interactions will be an essential title for readers looking for a better understanding of the diverse array of interactions between plants and fungi in natural ecosystems.
Download or read book The Evolutionary Ecology of Plants written by Yan B. Linhart and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 2138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology, Four Volume Set is the definitive go-to reference in the field of evolutionary biology. It provides a fully comprehensive review of the field in an easy to search structure. Under the collective leadership of fifteen distinguished section editors, it is comprised of articles written by leading experts in the field, providing a full review of the current status of each topic. The articles are up-to-date and fully illustrated with in-text references that allow readers to easily access primary literature. While all entries are authoritative and valuable to those with advanced understanding of evolutionary biology, they are also intended to be accessible to both advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Broad topics include the history of evolutionary biology, population genetics, quantitative genetics; speciation, life history evolution, evolution of sex and mating systems, evolutionary biogeography, evolutionary developmental biology, molecular and genome evolution, coevolution, phylogenetic methods, microbial evolution, diversification of plants and fungi, diversification of animals, and applied evolution. Presents fully comprehensive content, allowing easy access to fundamental information and links to primary research Contains concise articles by leading experts in the field that ensures current coverage of each topic Provides ancillary learning tools like tables, illustrations, and multimedia features to assist with the comprehension process
Download or read book Environmental and Microbial Relationships written by Christian P. Kubicek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides insight into current research on fungal populations and communities. It focuses on fungal responses to the physical environment, interactions with other fungi, microorganisms and invertebrates, the role of fungi in ecosystem processes such as decomposition and nutrient cycling, and aspects of biogeography and conservation. The second edition has been completely updated and revised to accommodate the introduction of molecular methods, and the flood of new findings since then.
Download or read book The Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution written by John N. Thompson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2005-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coevolution—reciprocal evolutionary change in interacting species driven by natural selection—is one of the most important ecological and genetic processes organizing the earth's biodiversity: most plants and animals require coevolved interactions with other species to survive and reproduce. The Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution analyzes how the biology of species provides the raw material for long-term coevolution, evaluates how local coadaptation forms the basic module of coevolutionary change, and explores how the coevolutionary process reshapes locally coevolving interactions across the earth's constantly changing landscapes. Picking up where his influential The Coevolutionary Process left off, John N. Thompsonsynthesizes the state of a rapidly developing science that integrates approaches from evolutionary ecology, population genetics, phylogeography, systematics, evolutionary biochemistry and physiology, and molecular biology. Using models, data, and hypotheses to develop a complete conceptual framework, Thompson also draws on examples from a wide range of taxa and environments, illustrating the expanding breadth and depth of research in coevolutionary biology.
Download or read book Mutualism written by Judith L. Bronstein and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-07-30 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mutualisms, interactions between two species that benefit both of them, have long captured the public imagination. Their influence transcends levels of biological organization from cells to populations, communities, and ecosystems. Mutualistic symbioses were crucial to the origin of eukaryotic cells, and perhaps to the invasion of land. Mutualisms occur in every terrestrial and aquatic habitat; indeed, ecologists now believe that almost every species on Earth is involved directly or indirectly in one or more of these interactions. Mutualisms are essential to the reproduction and survival of virtually all organisms, as well as to nutrient cycles in ecosystems. Furthermore, the key ecosystem services that mutualists provide mean that they are increasingly being considered as conservation priorities, ironically at the same time as the acute risks to their ecological and evolutionary persistence are increasingly being identified. This volume, the first general work on mutualism to appear in almost thirty years, provides a detailed and conceptually-oriented overview of the subject. Focusing on a range of ecological and evolutionary aspects over different scales (from individual to ecosystem), the chapters in this book provide expert coverage of our current understanding of mutualism whilst highlighting the most important questions that remain to be answered. In bringing together a diverse team of expert contributors, this novel text captures the excitement of a dynamic field that will help to define its future research agenda.
