Download or read book Sparks of Life written by James E. Strick and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-01 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How, asks James E. Strick, could spontaneous generation--the idea that living things can suddenly arise from nonliving materials--come to take root for a time (even a brief one) in so thoroughly unsuitable a field as British natural theology? No less an authority than Aristotle claimed that cases of spontaneous generation were to be observed in nature, and the idea held sway for centuries. Beginning around the time of the Scientific Revolution, however, the doctrine was increasingly challenged; attempts to prove or disprove it led to important breakthroughs in experimental design and laboratory techniques, most notably sterilization methods, that became the cornerstones of modern microbiology and sped the ascendancy of the germ theory of disease. The Victorian debates, Strick shows, were entwined with the public controversy over Darwin's theory of evolution. While other histories of the debates between 1860 and 1880 have focused largely on the experiments of John Tyndall, Henry Charlton Bastian, and others, Sparks of Life emphasizes previously understudied changes in the theories that underlay the debates. Strick argues that the disputes cannot be understood without full knowledge of the factional infighting among Darwinians themselves, as they struggled to create a socially and scientifically viable form of Darwinian science. He shows that even the terms of the debate, such as biogenesis, usually but incorrectly attributed to Huxley, were intensely contested.
Download or read book Evolution and the Spontaneous Generation Debate written by H. Charlton Bastian and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2001-04-15 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Carefully selected by James Strick, this comprehensive collection of primary source materials resurrects the forgotten man of evolutionary theory, Henry Charlton Bastian, and opens a new window on controversies which divided the ranks of evolutionary naturalists. The hostile reaction of Thomas Henry Huxley and his allies to Bastian's challenge - that they accept the theory of spontaneous generation and the materialism connected with it - shows just how far they were willing to go to sanitize evolutionary theory for public consumption while maintaining their own respectability. Strick's collection is a vivid reminder of the volatile politics of evolution and the importance of not losing sight of "the losers" in scientific controversy.' - Bernard Lightman 'Strick garners all the backbiting documents to show how crucial aspects of the Darwinian orthodoxy were made. The knock-down fight in the 1870s between Huxley and Tyndall, and the brilliant pathology professor Henry Bastian, was over the inclusion of spontaneous generation. Bastian's initial success in justifying it and picking up rival medical support reveals that Huxley's evolutionary view was not an inevitable outcome. The sparring in Strick's volumes proves that it took all of Huxley's and Tyndall's scientific, rhetorical and darker skills to establish their version of Darwinism.' - Adrian Desmond 'An invaluable resource for the understanding of the controversies on the origin of life on earth.' - Dr Iris Fry 'Everybody knows that life's creation was the last redoubt of natural theology in the nineteenth century and spontaneous generation the atheists' siege-weapon for destroying it. Strick's authoritative collection breaks new ground by showing how unbelievers themselves came to blows over the origin of life - even Darwin's followers. Their contest for the Victorian moral heights is a case study of the politics of science and a timely reminder that arguments among 'public scientists' are never simply about "the facts".' - Dr James Moore Evolution and the Spontaneous Generation Debate collects the rare primary works on the origin of life by Henry Charlton Bastian (1837--1915), one of the brightest young rising Darwinian stars of the time. It contains all Bastian's key works on this subject, from his very first in 1871, The Modes of Origin of Lowest Organisms, through to one of his last, The Evolution of Life in 1907. The set also includes contemporary reviews and responses to Bastian's work which illustrate how emotive this theory was during the 1870s and why the likes of T. H. Huxley and John Tyndall went to extraordinarily great lengths to oppose Bastian. In the first two decades after the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859), a lively, often heated debate broke out about what the implications of Darwin's theory were for understanding the origin of life from non-living matter. Nowhere was the debate more acrimonious than among the Darwinians themselves. The response to Bastian's work was uniformly negative in Christian religious circles, and created a tremendous response, both negative and positive, from the Darwinians. One faction, including medical doctors and scientific journals, strongly supported Bastian's ideas, another, including Huxley, Tyndall and the powerful X Club, fiercely attacked Bastian, eventually declaring him vanquished by 1878. This set contains examples of both reactions, including Huxley's famous 'Biogenesis and Abiogenesis' address. This set is crucial to understanding the genesis of today's ideas about the origin of life. Much of the broad outlines of modern Darwinian ideas took shape in the debate over Bastian's work and have remained with us since. Featuring an introduction by James Strick, Assistant Professor of Biology and Society, Arizona State University, Evolution and the Spontaneous Generation Debate will amply reward study by scientists, physicians, historians of science, and all in the modern scientific world, who wish to better understand public controversy in science. --contains important writings by nineteenth-century scientists on the spontaneous generation debate --important case study of a Victorian debate on evolution --crucial to understanding the development of the origin of life theory in the nineteenth century
Download or read book The Evolution of Life written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Life written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Nature and Origin of Living Matter written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Spontaneous Generation Controversy from Descartes to Oparin written by John Farley and published by Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1977 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Beginnings of Life written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Nature and Origin of Living Matter written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Beginnings of Life written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Genesis of Germs written by Alan L. Gillen and published by New Leaf Publishing Group. This book was released on 2007 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth look at microbes and diseases.
Download or read book The Beginnings of Life written by Henry Charlton Bastian and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microbiology written by Nina Parker and published by . This book was released on 2016-05-30 with total page 1301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology's art program enhances students' understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs. Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology."--BC Campus website.
Download or read book Evolution and Dogma written by John Augustine Zahm and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Garfield written by Allan Peskin and published by Kent State University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This biography evaluates and examines James A. Garfield's military career, the congressional years and the Presidency. Allan Perkins has had access to the Garfield and other papers, as well as drawing upon other resources of the Reconstruction Era.
Download or read book Genesis In The Beginning written by Joseph Seckbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genesis – In The Beginning deals with the origin and diversity of Life and early biological evolution and discusses the question of where (hot or cold sources) and when the beginning of Life took place. Among the sections are chapters dealing with prebiotic chemical processes and considering self-replication of polymers in mineral habitats. One chapter is dedicated to the photobiological regime on early Earth and the emergence of Life. This volume covers the role of symmetry, information and order (homochrial biomolecules) in the beginning of Life. The models of protocells and the genetic code with gene transfer are important topics in this volume. Three chapters discuss the Panspermia hypothesis (to answer “Are we from outer Space?”). Other chapters cover the Astrobiological aspects of Life in the Universe in extraterrestrial Planets of the Solar System and deal with cometary hydrosphere (and its connection to Earth). We conclude with the history and frontiers of Astrobiogy.
Download or read book Picturing Evolution and Extinction written by Fae Brauer and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increasing loss of biological diversity in this Sixth Age of Mass Extinction, it is timely to show that devolutionary paranoia is not new, but rather stretches back to the time of Charles Darwin. It is also an opportune moment to show how human-driven extinction, as designated by the term, Anthropocene, has long been acknowledged. The halcyon days of European industrial progress, colonial expansion and scientific revolution trumpeted from the Great Exhibition of 1851 until the Dresden International Hygiene Exhibition of 1930 were constantly marred by fears of rampant degeneration, depopulation, national decline, environmental devastation and racial extinction. This is demonstrated by the discourses of catastrophism charted in this book that percolated across Europe in response to the theories of Darwin and Jean Baptiste Lamarck, as well as Marcellin Berthelot, Camille Flammarion, Ernst Haeckel, Louis Landouzy, Félix Le Dantec, Cesare Lombroso, Thomas Huxley, Bénédite-Augustin Morel, Louis Pasteur, Élisée Reclus, Rudolf Steiner and Wilhelm Wundt, among others. This book presents pioneering explorations of the interrelationship between these discourses and modern visual cultures and the ways in which the “picturing of evolution and extinction” by artists as diverse as Roger Broders, Albert Besnard, Fernand Cormon, Hélène Dufau, Émile Gallé, František Kupka, Pablo Picasso, Carles Mani y Roig, Sophie Taeuber and Vasilii Vatagin betrayed anxieties subliminally festering over degeneration alongside latent hopes of regeneration. Following Darwin’s concept of evolution as Janus-faced, the dialectical interplay of evolution and extinction and degeneration and regeneration is explored in modern visual cultures in Australia, America, Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Spain and Switzerland at significant spatio-temporal junctures between 1860 and 1930. By unravelling the “picturing” of the dread of alcoholism, cholera, dysentery, tuberculosis, typhoid and rabies, alongside phobias of animalism, criminality, hysteria, impotency and ecological disaster, each chapter makes an original contribution to this new field of scholarship. By locating these discourses and visual cultures within the “golden age of Neo-Lamarckism”, they also reveal how regeneration was pictured as the Janus-face of degeneration able to facilitate evolution through the inheritance of beneficial characteristics in propitious environments. In striking such an uplifting note amidst the dissonant cacophony of catastrophism, this book reveals why the art and science of Transformism proved so appealing in France as elsewhere, and why visual cultures of regeneration became as dominant in the twentieth century as the picturing of degeneration had been in the nineteenth century. It also illuminates the paradoxical inversion that occurred in the twentieth century when devolution became equivalent to evolution for many Modernists. Hence, whilst this book opens with the picturing of indigenous people in Australia and North America as “doomed races” by the first publication of Darwin’s On The Origin of Species, it closes with the quest by 1930 for a regenerative suntan as dark as the skin of those indigenous people.
Download or read book The Life of Pasteur written by René Vallery-Radot and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
