Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Reflective Pavement Markers for Effective Delineation written by Gary L. Doerr and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Reflective Pavement Markers for Effective Delineation written by Gary L. Doerr and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Reflective Pavement Markers for Effective Delineation written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Use of Snowplowable Reflective Pavement Markers for Effective Delineation written by Curt Dunn and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Recessed Snowplowable Markers for Centerline Delineation written by Frank D. Shepard and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the evaluation reported here was to determine the feasibility of using raised pavement markers placed in pavement grooves as a guidance aid for motorists during nighttime inclement weather conditions. Emphasis was on the visibility and durability characteristics of the markers as influenced by the method of placing them in pavement grooves. It was concluded that the method employed for placing these raised markers in the pavement is feasible for use as a means of protecting the marker from snowplow damage while providing guidance for motorists. However, it is recommended that this method of placing raised pavement markers in grooves not be used for centerline delineation until a method of installation is available which will decrease the cost of installing the markers.
Download or read book Evaluation of Raised Pavement Markers for Roadway Delineation During Fog written by Frank D. Shepard and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reduced visibility on the highway due to adverse weather conditions results in an inability of motorists to readily observe pavement markings, signs, and vehicles. The condition that presents the most serious restriction is fog, although rainfall during the night frequently creates serious visibility problems. Because of the ability of reflex reflective devices and materials to provide pavement and roadway delineation at relatively low costs, the feasibility of using them for roadway delineation and vehicle guidance during fog was investigated, with emphasis on the nighttime visibility characteristics. Also, consideration was given to various experimental methods of marker placement for roadway delineation and to protecting the markers from snowplow damage. Two types of corner-cube raised markers were placed along the highway edge line on 20-ft. (6.1 m) centers. In one placement concept, snowplowable and non-snowplowable markers were placed on the pavement surface; in a second, concept, the markers were recessed below the pavement surface in grooves. The marking systems were subjectively evaluated by observing the legibility properties during fog and noting the number of markers visible. Based on the observations, the raised pavement markers were thought to provide sufficient nighttime roadway delineation for vehicle guidance during light to medium density fogs. Although data were not available for dense fog, it is felt that adequate delineation would be provided for such fog conditions. The method of grooving the pavement in the vicinity of the edge line for the purpose of recessing the markers to provide snowplowability was found to be feasible, providing adequate drainage is provided and a groove is placed in front of the marker. The length of the groove depends upon the reflectivity-distance requirements.
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Raised Reflective Pavement Markers written by Newfoundland and Labrador. Department of Transportation and Communications. Highway Planning and Research and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Raised Reflective Pavement Markers in New Jersey written by M. V. Jagannath and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Raised Pavement Markers written by Jaime Reyes and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Raised Pavement Marker Failures written by Michael D. Fontaine and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A commonly used method to delineate lane lines on Virginia's highway pavements is a combination of reflective tape and snowplowable raised pavement markers (SRPMs). The SRPM system consists of a reflective lens epoxied into a plow deflector. The deflector is typically an H-shaped protective steel or cast-iron casting that consists of a pair of parallel keels and a connecting web. The entire system weighs approximately 6 pounds. While this arrangement is thought to improve the visibility of lane lines during darkness and inclement weather, there are questions as to whether the SRPMs can become damaged or detached from the pavement after prolonged exposure to traffic and snowplows. In Virginia, there is no formalized method or schedule for routinely inspecting these markers. They are often examined only when repaving or restriping is scheduled. In April 2006, a SRPM fragment went through the windshield of a van traveling on I-95 in Prince William County, striking a passenger. In response to this incident, a statewide study was initiated to determine if there were any potential problems with SRPMs becoming damaged or detached on Virginia's interstates. Casting condition, reflector condition, epoxy condition, and installation adequacy were inspected on 78 1-mile segments of interstate pavement containing SRPMs. The focus of the study was on sections of pavement that were at least 5 years old and carried current year traffic volumes greater than 15,000 vehicles per day. The study found that nearly 8 percent of all SRPM castings inspected were either missing or damaged. Approximately 35 percent of reflectors inspected were either missing or damaged. An analysis of risk factors showed that epoxy condition, total traffic since installation, and installation adequacy were the most significant factors in determining the condition of the marker casting and reflector. Total accumulated snowfall since installation, pavement type, pavement condition, and pavement age were also found potentially to play a role in SRPM failures. Total traffic since installation was found to offer the best ability to predict casting and reflector failure, and two models were developed to define potential SRPM inspection thresholds. The study recommends increased training for installers and inspectors and the development of a regular program for inspection of the marker casting and reflector. In addition, this study recommends that VDOT develop a SRPM installation protocol such that the raised markers are placed only in areas where they will be most effective.
Download or read book Evaluation of Wet nighttime Delineation written by Kenneth R. Agent and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the research was to evaluate the alternative methods which could potentially provide effective and durable delineation of roadways during wet-nighttime conditions. Following is a summary of conclusions for future procedures and materials which should be considered as a method to provide effective lane delineation during wet-nighttime conditions. 1. Snowplowable raised pavement markers should continue to be used on interstates and parkways. The installation process must ensure the markers are not placed on or adjacent to the pavement joint. 2. Lenses in the steel casting raised pavement markers should be replaced on a three-year cycle. The condition of the castings should be inspected as part of this process. 3. The pavement condition adjacent to the raised pavement marker castings should be monitored to ensure there is no failure adjacent to the casting. 4. Evaluation of the use of a recessed pavement marker should continue. 5. Rumble stripes (painting edge line and centerline markings across a milled rumble strip) should be routinely used on resurfacing projects on rural, two-lane roads. Guidelines have been developed for the use of an edge line and/or centerline rumble stripe related to the pavement width. 6. Evaluation of the grooved and inlay installations of the wet-reflective paint, tape and thermoplastic material should continue. 7. Current research for an alternative to the current "bare pavement" policy (which involves use of steel snowplow blades with full weight) should be continued. Alternatives to the current policy include use of an alternative snowplow blade or a method of reducing the weight of the plow blade applied to the pavement.
Download or read book Evaluation of Pavement Markings for Improved Visibility During Wet Night Conditions written by Benjamin H. Cottrell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the night visibility of waffle tape and paint with large beads, particularly during wet night conditions. Data were collected at two sites along a primary arterial. The evaluation included an examination of (1) the application of the markings, (2) the visibility of the markings using retroreflectometer measurements and subjective assessments, and (3) the costeffectiveness of the markings. The study revealed: (1) compared with paint with standard beads, the waffle tape and paint with large beads were slightly more retroreflective during light rain at night and recovered quicker after flooding out, (2) the marginal improvement in visibility during periods of light rain do not offset the operational problems of applying paint with large beads, and (3) the benefits of waffle tape during light rain do not appear to justify its use solely for wet night visibility. Because of the above findings, snowplowable raised pavement markers, which are very visible in wet night conditions, appear to be more cost-effective. The study recommends that (1) VDOT continue to use and maimain snowplowable raised pavement markers for visibility during wet night conditions, (2) VDOT continue to monitor FHWA's study on all weather pavement markings, and (3) the Suffolk District consider testing nonsnowplowable raised pavement markers to assess their use as a low-cost alternative to improve visibility during wet night conditions where snowplowing occurs infrequently.
Download or read book Evaluation of Snowplowable Retroreflective Raised Pavement Markers written by Ed Stellfox and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Raised Snowplowable Pavement Markers Final Report written by G. F. Gurney and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Raised Pavement Markers for Roadway Delineation During Fog written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Evaluation of Snowplowable Pavement Markers written by Jerry G. Pigman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Permanent Raised Pavement Markers written by Geni Brafman Bahar and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 518: Safety Evaluation of Permanent Raised Pavement Markers examines the safety performance of snowplowable permanent raised pavement markers on two-lane roadways and four-lane freeways"--Publisher's description.
