Download or read book Evaluation of S1 Lines from Original and Advanced Populations of Two Maize Varieties to Determine the Effects of Reciprocal Recurrent Selection written by Kathleen Ann Grady and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Plant Breeding Reviews written by Jules Janick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Breeding Reviews is an ongoing series presenting state-of-the art review articles on research in plant genetics, especially the breeding of commercially important crops. Articles perform the valuable function of collecting, comparing, and contrasting the primary journal literature in order to form an overview of the topic. This detailed analysis bridges the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of plant scientists.

Download or read book Toward Insect Resistant Maize for the Third World written by International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1989 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stadler Genetics Symposia written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers lectures of the annual Symposium which began in 1969.

Download or read book Evaluation of Visual S1 Recurrent Selection for Early Vigor in Maize written by Daryl Keith Hexum and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cereals written by Marcelo J. Carena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture depends on improved cultivars, and cultivars are developed through proper plant breeding. Unfortunately, applied plant breeding programs that are focused on cereal commodity crops are under serious erosion because of lack of funding. This loss of public support affects breeding continuity, objectivity, and, perhaps equally important, the training of future plant breeders and the utilization and improvement of plant genetic resources currently available. Breeding programs should focus not only on short-term research goals but also on long-term genetic improvement of germplasm. The research products of breeding programs are important not only for food security but also for commodity-oriented public and private programs, especially in the fringes of crop production. Breeding strategies used for long-term selection are often neglected but the reality is that long-term research is needed for the success of short-term products. An excellent example is that genetically broad-based public germplasm has significantly been utilized and recycled by industry, producing billions of dollars for industry and farmers before intellectual property rights were available. Successful examples of breeding continuity have served the sustainable cereal crop production that we currently have. The fact that farmers rely on public and private breeding institutions for solving long-term challenges should influence policy makers to reverse this trend of reduced funding. Joint cooperation between industry and public institutions would be a good example to follow. The objective of this volume is to increase the utilization of useful genetic resources and increase awareness of the relative value and impact of plant breeding and biotechnology. That should lead to a more sustainable crop production and ultimately food security. Applied plant breeding will continue to be the foundation to which molecular markers are applied. Focusing useful molecular techniques on the right traits will build a strong linkage between genomics and plant breeding and lead to new and better cultivars. Therefore, more than ever there is a need for better communication and cooperation among scientists in the plant breeding and biotechnology areas. We have an opportunity to greatly enhance agricultural production by applying the results of this research to meet the growing demands for food security and environmental conservation. Ensuring strong applied plant breeding programs with successful application of molecular markers will be essential in ensuring such sustainable use of plant genetic resources.

Download or read book Agronomy News written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sept.-Oct. issue includes list of theses and dissertations for U.S. and Canadian graduate degrees granted in crop science, soil science, and agronomic science during the previous academic year.

Download or read book Relation of Early Vigor of S1 Lines with Agronomic Performance in an Elite Population of Maize written by Teresa Ann Gruber and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technical Communication written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Two Maize Populations After Eight Cycles of Reciprocal Recurrent Selection written by Thomas Craig Kevern and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding written by Arnel R. Hallauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize is used in an endless list of products that are directly or indirectly related to human nutrition and food security. Maize is grown in producer farms, farmers depend on genetically improved cultivars, and maize breeders develop improved maize cultivars for farmers. Nikolai I. Vavilov defined plant breeding as plant evolution directed by man. Among crops, maize is one of the most successful examples for breeder-directed evolution. Maize is a cross-pollinated species with unique and separate male and female organs allowing techniques from both self and cross-pollinated crops to be utilized. As a consequence, a diverse set of breeding methods can be utilized for the development of various maize cultivar types for all economic conditions (e.g., improved populations, inbred lines, and their hybrids for different types of markets). Maize breeding is the science of maize cultivar development. Public investment in maize breeding from 1865 to 1996 was $3 billion (Crosbie et al., 2004) and the return on investment was $260 billion as a consequence of applied maize breeding, even without full understanding of the genetic basis of heterosis. The principles of quantitative genetics have been successfully applied by maize breeders worldwide to adapt and improve germplasm sources of cultivars for very simple traits (e.g. maize flowering) and very complex ones (e.g., grain yield). For instance, genomic efforts have isolated early-maturing genes and QTL for potential MAS but very simple and low cost phenotypic efforts have caused significant and fast genetic progress across genotypes moving elite tropical and late temperate maize northward with minimal investment. Quantitative genetics has allowed the integration of pre-breeding with cultivar development by characterizing populations genetically, adapting them to places never thought of (e.g., tropical to short-seasons), improving them by all sorts of intra- and inter-population recurrent selection methods, extracting lines with more probability of success, and exploiting inbreeding and heterosis. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding has improved the odds of developing outstanding maize cultivars from genetically broad based improved populations such as B73. The inbred-hybrid concept in maize was a public sector invention 100 years ago and it is still considered one of the greatest achievements in plant breeding. Maize hybrids grown by farmers today are still produced following this methodology and there is still no limit to genetic improvement when most genes are targeted in the breeding process. Heterotic effects are unique for each hybrid and exotic genetic materials (e.g., tropical, early maturing) carry useful alleles for complex traits not present in the B73 genome just sequenced while increasing the genetic diversity of U.S. hybrids. Breeding programs based on classical quantitative genetics and selection methods will be the basis for proving theoretical approaches on breeding plans based on molecular markers. Mating designs still offer large sample sizes when compared to QTL approaches and there is still a need to successful integration of these methods. There is a need to increase the genetic diversity of maize hybrids available in the market (e.g., there is a need to increase the number of early maturing testers in the northern U.S.). Public programs can still develop new and genetically diverse products not available in industry. However, public U.S. maize breeding programs have either been discontinued or are eroding because of decreasing state and federal funding toward basic science. Future significant genetic gains in maize are dependent on the incorporation of useful and unique genetic diversity not available in industry (e.g., NDSU EarlyGEM lines). The integration of pre-breeding methods with cultivar development should enhance future breeding efforts to maintain active public breeding programs not only adapting and improving genetically broad-based germplasm but also developing unique products and training the next generation of maize breeders producing research dissertations directly linked to breeding programs. This is especially important in areas where commercial hybrids are not locally bred. More than ever public and private institutions are encouraged to cooperate in order to share breeding rights, research goals, winter nurseries, managed stress environments, and latest technology for the benefit of producing the best possible hybrids for farmers with the least cost. We have the opportunity to link both classical and modern technology for the benefit of breeding in close cooperation with industry without the need for investing in academic labs and time (e.g., industry labs take a week vs months/years in academic labs for the same work). This volume, as part of the Handbook of Plant Breeding series, aims to increase awareness of the relative value and impact of maize breeding for food, feed, and fuel security. Without breeding programs continuously developing improved germplasm, no technology can develop improved cultivars. Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding presents principles and data that can be applied to maximize genetic improvement of germplasm and develop superior genotypes in different crops. The topics included should be of interest of graduate students and breeders conducting research not only on breeding and selection methods but also developing pure lines and hybrid cultivars in crop species. This volume is a unique and permanent contribution to breeders, geneticists, students, policy makers, and land-grant institutions still promoting quality research in applied plant breeding as opposed to promoting grant monies and indirect costs at any short-term cost. The book is dedicated to those who envision the development of the next generation of cultivars with less need of water and inputs, with better nutrition; and with higher percentages of exotic germplasm as well as those that pursue independent research goals before searching for funding. Scientists are encouraged to use all possible breeding methodologies available (e.g., transgenics, classical breeding, MAS, and all possible combinations could be used with specific sound long and short-term goals on mind) once germplasm is chosen making wise decisions with proven and scientifically sound technologies for assisting current breeding efforts depending on the particular trait under selection. Arnel R. Hallauer is C. F. Curtiss Distinguished Professor in Agriculture (Emeritus) at Iowa State University (ISU). Dr. Hallauer has led maize-breeding research for mid-season maturity at ISU since 1958. His work has had a worldwide impact on plant-breeding programs, industry, and students and was named a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Hallauer is a native of Kansas, USA. José B. Miranda Filho is full-professor in the Department of Genetics, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz - University of São Paulo located at Piracicaba, Brazil. His research interests have emphasized development of quantitative genetic theory and its application to maize breeding. Miranda Filho is native of Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. M.J. Carena is professor of plant sciences at North Dakota State University (NDSU). Dr. Carena has led maize-breeding research for short-season maturity at NDSU since 1999. This program is currently one the of the few public U.S. programs left integrating pre-breeding with cultivar development and training in applied maize breeding. He teaches Quantitative Genetics and Crop Breeding Techniques at NDSU. Carena is a native of Buenos Aires, Argentina. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/plantsci/faculty/Carena.htm

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Record of Research written by East African Agriculture and Forestry Research Organization and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Changes in Physiological Traits Associated with Five Cycles of S1 Recurrent Selection in Two Maize Populations written by Bernard James Hable and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five cycles of S1 recurrent selection for cold tolerance were conducted at Iowa State University in maize population BS13(SCT) and BSSS2(SCT). Previous studies have indicated that improvement in cold tolerance had been realized in these programs and that a correlated improvement in grain yield had taken place. The objective of this study were: 1) to examine the change in ontogenetic development correlated with changes in cold tolerance, 2) to evaluate changes in physiological traits and yield components associated with the previously observed correlated improvements in grain yield, and 3) to relate changes in means to changes in allelic frequencies and genetic drift. The CO, C5, and C0 c C5 intrapopulation cross of both BS13(SCT) and BSSS2(SCT), and the CO xCO and C5 x C5 interpopulation crosses were evaluated in five environments over three years. All experiments were planted in five environments over three years. All experiments were planted after 20 April in central Iowa. To assess the correlated changes, the C0 and C% cycle means were compared and a model proposed by Smith (1979a) was utilized to estimate correlated changes in gene frequency and changes in gne frequency due to restricted population size. The recurrent selection programs for cold tolerance resulted in earlier flowering in both of the population evaluated in this study. The C5 cycels of both BS13(SCT) and BSSS2(SCT) silked in at least 40 fewer growing degree days (GDD) than the CO cycles, and estimated, correlacted for genetic drift, (...).

Download or read book Combined Selection Using HS and S1 Family Evaluation in a Maize Composite Population written by Christos Kostantinou Goulas and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Recurrent Selection in Leaming and Midland Maize Populations written by Marcelo Javier Carena and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Favorable responses to selection were observed in traits that are essential for adaptation, especially in root lodging. S1-S2 recurrent selection was an effective method to adapt and improve both populations, suggesting an adequate balance between the selection among S1 and S2 progenies. Intrapopulational recurrent selection was also successful in increasing the heterotic expression between Leaming and Midland Yellow Dent. The first objective of our long-term program has been achieved and considerable improvements have been made. An alternative U.S. heterotic pattern has been confirmed and needs refinement, and an interpopulational-reciprocal recurrent selection program including improved selection cycles of Leaming and Midland Yellow Dent seems desirable.